PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

have
+ V3
has

Present Perfect Tense'i şimdinin öncesi olarak genelleyebiliriz.

Türkçe'de zaman olarak birden fazla karşılığı olan bir tense'dir.

1) Geçmişte başlayıp hala devam eden ifadelerde kullanılır.

I have known him for 10 years.

He has had his car since 2012.

"since" ve "for" bu madde için en sık kullanılan ifadelerdir.

"for" süreç bildiren ifadelerde kullanılır.

for 5 years, for 8 months, for 2 weeks, for 3 days, for 6 hours, for a long time, for ages...

We have waited here for 2 hours.

She has lived here for a long time.
"since" başladığı anı belirttiğimiz ifadelerde kullanılır.
since 1997, since September, since Monday, since last week, since yesterday...

They have eaten less since Saturday.

We haven't seen each other since 2018.

"since"in arkasından simple past bir cümle de gelebilir.

I haven't eaten meat since we ate last Sunday.
She has walked to work since she sold her car.
You haven't called me since we met.
Have you studied since we left? Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.
Bu maddede en sık kullanılabilecek soru kelimesi "How long"'dur.
How long have you played that game?
How long has he had this house?
How long have they learnt English?

2) Geçmişte gerçekleşmiş ama zamanı belirli olmayan ifadelerde kullanılır.

I have seen this film 3 times.

She has been to London 4 times.
I have read that book.
They haven't been to Paris.
"ever" ve "never" ifadeleri bu maddede karşımıza sıkça çıkar.

Have you ever drunk coconut milk?

Have you ever flown?
Has she ever been to Barcelona?
Have they ever bought something from this shop?
Have you ever shopped online?

I have never drunk coconut milk.

He has never been to Berlin.
We have never eaten bat.
She has never played a musical instrument.
You have never loved me.
3) Yeni gerçekleşmiş veya henüz gerçekleşmemiş ifadelerde kullanılır.

Bu maddemizde sıkça karşımıza çıkacak ifadeler şunlardır:

yet, just, already, recently, lately

I haven't finished my project yet.

Have you finished your project yet?
She hasn't cleaned the house yet.
Has he called you yet?

I have just woken up.

We have just had breakfast.
He has just called me.
I have already seen that film.
He has already had dinner.
We have already cleaned the garden.
She has an exam next month. She has already studied.

I have eaten a lot of junk food recently.

We haven't been out recently.
Have you watched the news recently?
They have studied at home lately.
She hasn't called me lately.
Have you played chess lately?
4) Yeni gerçekleşmiş bir olayı haber verme, bildirme ifadelerinde kullanılır.

He has bought a new car.

I have graduated.
They have redecorated their house.
She hasn't passed the driving test.
They have got married.
I have finished my project.
100.000 people have died.
We have sold our shop.
My cat has eaten all food on the table.
go -- been, gone
I have been to London.
She has gone to the supermarket.

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