DENHAM TOWN HIGH SCHOOL Date: 19/Nov/2020

INDUSTRIAL TECHNIQUES Mr. Allison

Topic: Parts of trees

GRADE 8

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 INTRODUCTION
To fully appreciate wood as a material, one needs to understand the source
from which it is cut – TREES

PARTS OF A TREE

CROWN is the upper parts of the tree, where the branches and leaves are located.

TRUNK is the woody parts of the tree that grow from the trunk. trunk-the main
support of the tree.
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ROOTS are structures that obtain food and water from the soil, store energy, and
provide support for the plant. Most roots grow underground.
BARK is the protective outer layer of the trunk.

CAMBIUM LAYER is a single layer of living cells in the trunk that is located
between the sapwood and the inner bark. The cambium produces the sapwood on the
inside and the bast on the outside.

HEARTWOOD is the core of the trunk, which contains very strong, dead tissue that
supports the tree.

BAST is the layer through which the tree's food flows -it is located between the outer
bark and the cambium. When this short-lived layer dies, it is called cork.

SAPWOOD is the layer of wood just outside the heartwood. Each year a new layer of
wood is formed by cambium tissue, forming an ANNUAL RING. Sap containing water
and some nutrients are transported in this layer. Older, inner rings of sapwood
eventually become heartwood. You can tell the age of a tree by counting its annual
rings.

PITH/MEDULLA is found at the centre of tree which is the result the tree’s earliest
growth. In some trees this part it soft and corky.

MEDULLARY RAYS are strips of wood cells that run from the centre outward. They
provide for storage of surplus food and its movement when required.

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 THE DIAGRAM BELOW SHOWS A CROSS-SECTION OF A TREE’S TRUNK

POP QUIZ

Answer the following Questions on the lines shown below

INSTRUCTION: Write the correct word on the line to complete the sentences below

1. The leaves are found in the _____________________ of the tree.

a) crown
b) root

2. The sapwood is usually ______________________ in colour than the heartwood

a) darker
b) lighter

3. The bark is found on the ______________________ of the wood

a) inside
b) outside
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4. Minerals are gathered by the trees ___________________
a) roots
b) trunk

5. The ___________________ brings support to the tree.

a) trunk
b) crown

INSTRUCTION: - Answer of the following questions in the spaces provided

1. What part of the tree wood is cut from?

_____________________________________________________________________

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2. Give the names of the tree parts indicated below by arrows

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3. The diagram below shows a cross-section of a tree. Label the parts indicated by
arrows

4 What is the use of the heartwood?

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5 How can one tell the age of a tree?

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