1.

F(x) = x

d
(x) = 1
dx
❑
f ( x +h )−f ( x)
f’(x) = lim
h→ 0 h

x +h−x
= lim
h→ 0 h

h
= lim
h→ 0 h

1
=
1

= 1

2. F(x) = k(x)

f ( x +h )−f (x)
f’(x) = lim
h→ 0 h

k ( x +h ) −k ( x )
= lim
h→ 0 h

k ( x ) +k ( h ) −k (x )
= lim
h→ 0 h

k (h)
= lim
h→ 0 h

d
= k. . (x)
dx

= k

3. F(x) + g(x)

d d
. f(x) + . g(x)
dx dx

F’(x) = lim
[ f ( x +h )+ g ( x +h ) ] −[f ( x )+ g ( x ) ]
h→ 0 h
 f ( x +h ) −f (x ) g ( x+ h )−g( x )
= lim ⁡[¿ h → 0 + ]
h h
f ( x +h )−f ( x ) g ( x +h ) −g (x)
= lim ⁡ + lim
h→ 0 h h →0 h
= f’(x) + g’(x)

4. f(x) . g(x)

d d
f(x) . g(x) + g(x) . f(x)
dx dx
f ( x +h )−f (x)
f’(x) = lim
h→ 0 h
f ( x +h ) . g ( x +h )−f ( x ) . g(x )
= lim
h→ 0 h
f ( x +h ) . g ( x +h )−f ( x +h ) . g ( x ) + f ( x +h ) . g ( x )−f ( x ) . g( x)
= lim
h→ 0 h
g ( x+ h )−g( x ) f ( x+ h )−f ( x )
= lim [f ( x +h ) . +g ( x ). ]
h→ 0 h h
g ( x +h )−g (x) f ( x+ h )−f (x)
= lim f ( x+ h ) . lim + g ( x ) . lim
h→ 0 h →0 h h →0 h
= f(x) . g’(x) + g(x) . f’(x)

f (x )
5.
g ( x)

d d
g(x) . f(x) – f(x) . g(x)
dx dx

f ( x +h )−f (x)
f’(x) = lim
h→ 0 h

f (x +h) f (x )
−
= g ( x +h ) g( x)
lim
h→ 0 h

g ( x ) . f ( x +h ) −f ( x ) . g( x +h) 1
= lim .
h→ 0 h g ( x ) . g( x +h)
 g ( x ) . f ( x +h ) −g ( x ) . f ( x )+ f ( x ) . g ( x ) −f ( x ) . g( x +h) 1
= lim [ . ]
h→ 0 h g ( x ) . g(x +h)

f ( x +h )−f ( x ) g ( x +h )−g ( x ) 1
= lim {[ g(x ) −f ( x ) ]. }
h→ 0 0 h g ( x ) . g ( x +h )

1
= g(x) . f’(x) – f(x) . g’(x) .
g ( x ) . g( x)