ENDOCRINOLOGY

MUST TO KNOW
MUST TO KNOW
Endocrinology from Greek Is a branch of biology It Is also concerned with the Integration of
and medidne along with the endocrine system, Its developmental events proliferation, growth. and
diseases, and Its spedftc secretions known as differentiation, and the psychological or behavioral
hormones. activities of metabolism, growth and development,
tissue Function, sleep, digestion, respiration, excretion.
mood, stress, lactation, movement, reproduction,and
The endocrine system consists of several glands,
aensory perception camed by hormones.
all In different parts of the body, that secrete
hormones dlrectly Into the blood rather than Into a Specializations include behavioral endocrinology
duct system. Hormones have many different and comparative endocrinology.
functions and modes of action; one hormone may
have several effects on dlfrerent target organs. and,
conversely, one target organ may be affected by
more than one hormone

SUBMITTED BY: MELODY JANE BMLS 10-3C

SUBMITTED TO: JOHN MARKE BERNARDO,RMT
Growth Hormone (GH)
Pathophysiology
A common form of pituitary dwarfism is
due to deficiencies in the production of
growth hormone (GH). When less GH
than normal is produced during
childhood, an individual's arms, legs, and
other structures continue to develop in
normal proportions, but at a decreased
rate.
Dwarfism
Types
Disproportionate Dwarfism
Some average -size parts of the body and some
shorter than normal parts of the body.
Achondroplasia is the most common disproportionate
dwarfism,causing a normal size torso but short
Proportionate Dwarfism
The individual is smaller than average
all over
Includes growth hormone deficiency dwarfism,
primordial dwarfism and Seckel Syndrome
Diagnostic Testing and
Treatment
The Doctor may order imaging studies, such as
X-rays, because certain abnormalities of the
skull and skeleton can indicate which disorder
your child may have. Various imaging devices
may also reveal delayed maturation of bones,
as is the case in growth hormone deficiency.
For individuals with dwarfism due to growth
hormone deficiency, treatment with injections
of a synthetic version of the hormone may
increase final height. In most cases, children
receive daily injections for several years until
they reach a maximum adult height — often
within the average adult range for their
family.
SUBMITTED BY: MELODY JANE BMLS 10-3C
SUBMITTED TO: JOHN MARKE BERNARDO,RMT
 Trace elements function primarily as caralysts in
enzyme systems some metallic ions, such as iron
and copper. Participate in oxidation -reduction

Trace Element
reactions in energymetabolism. iron , as a
contituent of hemoglobin and myoglobin. Also
plays a vital role in the transport of oxygen

TWO DIVISIONS
DID YOU KNOW ? ESSENTIAL
IT IS ALSO USED TO CARRY OXYGEN IN
ARE USUALLY ASSOCIATED WITH AN
THROUGH YOUR BLOOD (ALSO KNOWN AS
ENZYME (METALLOENZYME) OR
HEMOGLOBIN )
(METALLOPROTEIN AS A COFACTOR.

IRON IS AN ELEMENT THAT MAKES UP STEEL

NON-ESSENTIAL
ANY ELEMENT NOT CONSIDERED AS
ESSENTIAL AND ARE USUALLY TOXIC
IRON IS USED A LOT, EXAMPLE;
AUTOMOTIVE, CONSTRUCTION, CONTAINERS,
PACKING SHIPPING,MACHINES,RAIL
TRANSPORTATION,OIL AND GAS INDUSTRIES,
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT, APPLIANCES
AND UTENSILS

DISEASE ASSOCIATED CLINICAL

IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA

IS THE MOST COMMON TYPE OF ANEMIA, AND IT OCCURS

WHEN YOUR BODY DOESNT HAVE ENOUGH OF THE
FINDINGS
MINERAL IRON.
INNABILITY TO ABSORB IRON
POUNDING OR WHOOSING IN
CRAVING FOR ICE OR CLAY
*"PICOPHAGIA" EARS SORE OR
SMOOTH TONGUE BRITTLE NAILS OR
HAIR LOSS

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
INADEQUATE IRON INTAKE, PREGNANCY OR

TREATMENT
BLOOD LOSS DUE TO MESTRUATION.
INTERNAL BLEEDING AND INABILITY
TO ABSORB IRON

*IRON SUPPLEMENT
*IRON TABLET WITH LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
VITAMIN C COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT
FECAL OCCULT BLOOD TEST
ENDOSCOPY

SPECIMEN
WHOLE BLOOD

SUBMITTED BY: MELODY JANE BMLS 10-3C

SUBMITTED TO: JOHN MARKE BERNARDO,RMT