Ilm-E-Hadees 1

Bismillah Ar-Rahman Ar-Rahim

Ilm-E-Hadees Seekhne Wale Ke
Liye Kuch Aadaab
• Hadees ka ilm sahi aur khalis niyyat ke sath
sirf Allah taala ki raza ke liye haasil kare.
• Hadees ka ilm naam kamaane aur duniya ke
maqsado ke liye hargiz haasil naa kare
warna kuch faydah na hoga.
• Allah taala se dua karte rahe ki iss mubarak
ilm ke haasil hone me Allah taala ki taufeeq
haasil rahe, halaat durust rahe, koi
rukaawat aur mushkil pesh na aye aur Allah
Rabbul Izzat hadees ke samajhne me
khusoosi madad farmate rahe aur khatima
imaan ke sath ho.
• Rozaana kuch na kuch waqt (ya jitna
ziyadah mumkin ho) hadees ka ilm haasil
karne ke liye zaroor kharch kare, behtar
yeh hai ki kisi mu’atabar aur parhezgar
ustadh ki shagirdi bhi ikhtiyaar kare.
• Ustadh ki bahut ziyadah izzat kare aur jo
hadees padhe ya sune uss par amal karne ki
koshish bhi kare.
• Hadees ke ilm ko ziyadah se ziyadah failaye
aur jo baat maaloom na ho waha apni raay
se hargiz na bataye, balki yeh kahe ki mai
nahi jaanta.
• Ilm ke haasil karne me sharm na kare, jab
bhi koi baat samajh me na aye toh apne
ustadh ya kisi aur aalim se puch le aur har
hadees achhi tarha samajhe.
* Hadees ka ilm haasil karne mein hadees ki
mashoor wa mu’atabar kitaabe ‘Bukhari’ aur
‘Muslim’ ko tarjih de.
Ilm-E-Hadees 2

Hadees Ki Istalaahe
(Hadees Ki Paribhasha)
Qauli Hadees: Nabie Karim‫ ﷺ‬kaa farmaan.
Fayli Hadees: Nabie Karim‫ ﷺ‬kaa amal.
Taqreeri Hadees: Nabie Karim‫ ﷺ‬ki ijaazat.
(Taqreeri Hadees usse kehte hai ki Nabi
Kareem‫ ﷺ‬ki maujoodgi me koi kaam kiya
gaya ho, yaa koi baat kahi gayi ho aur aap uss
par khaamosh rahe ho yaa manaa na kiya ho.)
Aur aap‫ ﷺ‬ki sifaat (huliya, akhlaaq, qirdaar)
‘sifati hadees’ kehlaati hai.

Hadees Ki Kisme (Sankshiptata Ke Sath)

Sahi: Jiske tamaam raawi (riwaayat karne
wale) mu’atabar, parhezgaar aur kaabile
aitibaar yaaddaasht ke maalik ho aur sanad
muttasil ho. (Muttasil ke maayne ‘lagataar’ ke
hai, yaani sanad shuru se akhir taq mili hui ho,
beech se koi raawi gaayab na ho.
Hasan: Jiske raawi sahi hadees ke raawi ke
muqaabale me haafize (yaaddaasht) me toh
kam ho, baki sharte (mu’atabar, parhezgaar
aur sanad muttasil hone me ) sahi hadees
waali maujood ho.
Marfoo’: Jiss hadees me kisi Sahabi r.a ne
Nabie Karim‫ ﷺ‬ka naam le kar hadees bayaan
ki ho, waha Marfoo’ kehlaati hai.
Mawqoof: Jis hadees me kisi Sahabi◌ؓ ne Nabie
Karim‫ ﷺ‬ka naam liye baghayr hadees bayaan
ki ho yaa apne khayaal ka izhaar kiya ho waha
Mawqoof kehlaati hai.
Ilm-E-Hadees 3
Aahaad: Jis hadees ke raawi taadaad me
mutawaatir hadeeso ke raawiyo se kam ho
waha Aahaad kehlaati hai, Aahaad ki teen
kisme hai
1 Mashoor: Jis hadees ke raawi har
zamaane mein do se ziyadah rahe ho.
2 Azeez: Jiske raawi har zamaane me
kamse kam do rahe ho.
3 Ghareeb:Jis hadees ka raawi har zamaane
me kamse kam ek raha ho, aur har raawi
mu’atabar, parhezgaar, kaabile aitibaar
yaaddaasht ka maalik raha ho aur sanad
muttasil ho.
Mutawaatir: Jis hadees ke raawi har zamaane
me itne ho jinka jhoot par iqatthe hona
mumkin na ho.
Maqbool: Jis hadees ke raawiyo ki diyaanat
(imaandaari) aur sacchaai tasleem ho waha
hadees Maqbool kehlaati hai.
Ghair Maqbool: Jis hadees ke raawiyo ki
diyaanat aur sacchaai sandighda (ghair
yaqeeni) ho waha Ghair Maqbool kehlaati hi.
Za’eef: Jis hadees me na toh sahi hadees ki
sharte mawjood ho aur na hi hasan ki. Yaani
jis hadees ke raawiyo me koi raawi kam
feham, kamzor hafize wala ho yaa sanad me ek
yaa ziyadah raawi chooth gaye ho.
Mawzu (Mangadhat) - Jis hadees ka (koi ek
bhi) raawi kazzaab (jhootha) ho. ‘Kazzab’ uss
raawi ko kehte hai jis se hadees paak me
jhooth bolna saabit ho chuka ho.
Ilm-E-Hadees 4

Hadees Ki Kitaabo Ki
Istelaahe
Sihah E Sitta: Hadees ki 6 (mashoor) kitaabe:
Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Dawood, Tirmizi, Nasai
aur Ibn Majha ko ‘Sahih Sitta’ kaha jaataa hai.
Jaame’: Jis hadees me Islam se mutalliq
tamaam mabaahis, aqeede, ahkaam, tafseer,
fitan (fitno ka bayaan), aadaabe jannat,
dozakh vagayrah ke halaat mawjood ho waha
Jaame’ kehlaati hai. Maslan ‘Jaame’ as Sahih
Bukhari’, ‘Jaame’ Tirmizi’.
Sunan: Jis kitaab me sirf ahkaamaat ke
mutalliq hadeese jama ki gayi ho waha ‘Sunan’
kehlati hai, maslan ‘Sunan Abi Dawood’,
‘Sunan Nasai’.
Musnad: Jis kitaab me har sahabi◌ؓ ki hadeese
tartibwar ikatthi kar di gayi ho woh ‘Musnad’
kehlaati hai, maslan ‘Musnad Ahmed’.
Mustakhraj: Jis kitaab me ek kitaab ki
hadeese kisi doosri sanad se riwaayat ki jaye
waha ‘Mustakhraj’ kehlaati hai, maslan
‘Mustakhrajul Ismail al Al Bukhari.
Mustadraq: Jis kitaab me ek muhaddith ki
qaayam ki hui sharto ke mutaabiq woh
hadeese jama ki jaye jo uss muhaddith ne apni
kitaab me darj na ki ho, waha ‘Mustadraq’
kehlaati hai, maslan ‘Mustadraq Hakeem’.
Bukhari Shareef me saari hadeese sahi hai
aur aaj tak tamaam muhadditheen ka iss
par ittefaaq (ek rai) hai.
Ilm-E-Hadees 5

Allah Taala Ka Farmaan Hai

Surah 49, Aayat 6 Aye momino! agar tumhe
koi faasiq (badkaar wa ghair mu’atabar
aadmi) khabar de toh tum uski achhi tarah
tehqeeq kar liya karo.

Rasoolullah‫ ﷺ‬ka farmaan hai

Allah taala uss shakhs ko taro taaza rakhe
(yaani khush haal rakhe aur izzat wa
sammaan inaayat farmaye) jisne mujhse koi
hadees suni fir usko aage pohoncha diya jaisa
ki suna tha. (Tirmizi)
Jab aadmi mar jaata hai uske amal ka sawaab
ruk jaata hai, magar teen amalo ka sawaab
baki (aur jaari) rahata hai Sadaqae jaariya,
waha ilm jisse nafaa haasil kiya jaye, aur nek
aulaad jo uske liye dua kare. (Muslim)
Jo shakhs ilm haasil karne ke liye kisi raaste
par chala, Allah taala uske liye jannat ka
raasta aasaan karega. (Muslim)