WEEK 10

TEXT ORGANIZATION 3: COMPARISON-CONTRAST

AND ADVERB CLAUSES

Objectives:
1. To identify signals/clues that indicate comparison & contrast
2. To identify comparison & contrast
3. To identify adverb clauses

1. Adverb Clauses
An adverb clause is a dependent clause used as an adverb within a sentence to
indicate time, place, condition, contrast, concession, reason, purpose, or result. Also,
it is known as adverbial clause. An adverb clause begins with a subordinating
conjunction (such as if, when, because, or although) and includes a subject and a
predicate.
Kinds of adverbial clauses
Exercise 1
Complete the following sentences with a suitable word or phrase from the table above.
1. Living in Bogor is sometimes frustrating ____________there are a lot of traffic jams in
every part of the city.
2. ___________dolphin lives in the sea, it is not a fish – it’s a mammal.
3. I want to live __________ there are a lot of trees.
4. Riding a motorcycle needs fuel ____________ riding a bicycle needs human energy.
5. ____________ you study hard, I am sure you’ll pass the test.

2. Comparison & Contrast

 Exercises for Tutorial Classes
EXERCISE 1
B. Answer the following questions briefly.
1. The first paragraph contains definitions. What are the terms being defined? And
what are the signal words for definitions?
2. What is the topic of the above passage?
3. Which country refers to fascism?
4. What is the holy book of communism?
5. Which ideology says that the state is above everything?

B. Find any sub-clauses (noun, adjective, or adverb) that you can find in the passage.

C. Indicate whether each of the following statements is TRUE or FALSE.

1. The main idea of the above passage is the differences between DNA and RNA.
2. The first paragraph explains what DNA and RNA are.
3. It can be inferred from Paragraph One that RNA does not have as many functions as
DNA. 4. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid.
4. The slow, steady changes in DNA can destroy, neutralize, and benefit an organism.
5. We know what plant is like because of the genetic information in DNA.
6. The guidelines in DNA provide genetic information in chromosomal DNA.
7. The part of speech of the word ‘function’ in line 9 is a NOUN.
8. The word ‘which’ in line 11 refers to mutations.
9. The word ‘others’ in line 22 refers to genes.