GRADE 8 ENGLISH

GRAMMATICAL SIGNALS
OR EXPRESSIONS
(Problem-Solution)

Presented by:
JUDITH J. MADRONERO, LPT
Bukidnon National High School
Malaybalay City
March 5, 2021
TASK 1: MATCH UP
Directions: Match the types of text
structure in Set A with the definition in Set
B by shading the circle (same color found
in Set A) of your answer in each
definition.
Set A:
Set B: Definition
Types of Text Structure
It guides the readers a
Cause and Effect step by step instruction
in a chronological
Compare and Contrast order. Some of the
Problem and Solution words used are first,
next, before, after, last,
Description and the like.
1 1

Sequence
Set A:
Types of Text Structure Set B: Definition
This structure simply
Cause and Effect describes
Compare and Contrast something. It also
presents plenty of
Problem and Solution
details about the topic.
Description 2 1

Sequence
Set A:
Set B: Definition
Types of Text Structure
It explains what happened
and its consequences. It
Cause and Effect may use words and
Compare and Contrast phrases such as because,
consequently, led to,
Problem and Solution reason, accordingly,
result, and the like.
Description
Sequence 31
Set A:
Set B: Definition
Types of Text Structure
This text structure
Cause and Effect
involves a comparison
Compare and Contrast involving multiple things,
revealing how they are
Problem and Solution
similar and how they are
Description different.

Sequence 41
Set A:
Set B: Definition
Types of Text Structure
It is a very complex text
structure, as it necessitates
Cause and Effect the use of other structures,
too. Some of the words and
Compare and Contrast
phrases used are reason,
Problem and Solution factor, issue, one answer to
this is, one way to resolve
Description this is, and others.

Sequence 5 1
TASK 2: SPOT
IT!
Directions: With a partner, read the text
silently and spot the words or
expressions that lead you to the pattern
of how the idea is developed.
 Fluorinated gases, like the hydrofluorocarbons
(HFCs) used in refrigerators and air conditioners,
are considered major contributors to climate
change according to Drawdown.org. The most
commonly used refrigerants have a high Global
Warming Potential. The Kigali amendment to the
Montreal Protocol offers a timeline for phasing out
refrigerants with high Global Warming Potential,
but it's essential for companies and governments
to maintain their commitments.
 To minimize your personal impact,
make sure to properly recycle
refrigerators and air conditioning units. If
you're not sure how to recycle an
appliance contact your local waste
management company.
TASK 3: LET’S GET
FAMILIAR!
Directions:
Classify the following words or
expressions as to problem or solution.
The problem is…
One possible solution is…
The main difficulty is…
Must
Can
Ought to
Would
One challenge is…
Because…
Should
This led to…
In order to preserve…
Can be solved by…
The issue is…
To solve this problem…
One of these obstacles…
To resolve this challenge…
PROBLEM SOLUTION
 PROBLEM SOLUTION

One possible solution is…

The problem is … Must
The main difficulty is… Should
This led to… Would
One challenge is… Can
Because Ought to
The issue is… In order to
One of these obstacles is… Can be resolved by…
To solve this problem…
To resolve this challenge…
 TASK 4: GRAPH IT!
Directions: Each group will be given a copy of text.
You have 5 minutes to read the text silently and identify
the problem and its solution presented in the text
together with the signal words used by using a graphic
organizer provided for you. Please be guided with some
of the grammatical signals or expressions presented
earlier.
 RED TEAM
The Loggerhead sea turtle is threatened.
Conservationists are attempting to help the
survival rate of the Loggerhead turtles. Their
solution is to educate the public about the
nesting habits of the sea turtles and help pass
gillnetting regulations for fishermen.
RED TEAM

Signal word
SOLUTION 1

PROBLEM

SOLUTION 2
Signal word
 GREEN TEAM
Because the world dumps tons of garbage and waste onto the
planet every day, recycling should become the law. The real problem is
that every week, each family of four generates enough trash to fill two
32 galloon garbage cans. This happens because people are lazy, have
busy lives, and buy products with excessive packaging. If people knew
there was an immediate consequence for this waste, they would be more
inclined to recycle. We must acknowledge that no one likes to pay a fine
or have the government tell them what to do, but if recycling were
required, we could reduce the amount of trash produced by at least
50%. The best solution to curbing pollution is to enforce recycling by
law.
GREEN
TEAM

Signal word
SOLUTION 1

PROBLEM

SOLUTION 2
Signal word
 TASK 5: TELL ME!
Directions: Let the students answer the following
questions.
1. What have you learned from our lesson today?
2. Why do we need to know on what words or
expressions to use in developing a problem-
solution text?
3. In what particular situation in our lives that we need to
develop different types of text structure?
 TASK 6: FILL IN THE GAP!
Directions: Fill in the blanks with appropriate modals or
grammatical signals/expressions in the box to complete the
sentences below.
to solve this problem
this problem 1. We ___________ stop pollution to extend
may the life span of the people.
2. The alarming rise of respiratory diseases
Can
__________ be lessened.
Should 3. The government campaigns against
must pollution __________ be supplemented.
to solve this problem 4. Filipinos __________ help one
this problem another to stop air quality crisis.
may
5. __________, astronauts wear
Can
shoes that are coated with
Should
special adhesive.
must
6. Experts overcame ___________
by putting food and drinks in
the pouches and tubes.
 ASSESSMEN
T
ACTIVITY: BUILD IT!
Directions: Study the following text and supply the
missing grammatical signals or expressions to
develop a well-organized problem-solution text.
Choose your answers from the box below.
 Must In order dilemma
One of the solution This is a problem

In most part of the world, there are not as many crocodiles

as there are used to be. (1) __________ because crocodiles are
becoming endangered and also crocodiles are necessary to the
balance of nature. Many crocodiles have died because people
dried up the swamps and marshes where the crocodiles live.
Poachers have also contributed to the (2) __________ as
crocodiles have been desired for their strong, smooth, leathery
skins. (3) __________ to preserve these mighty creatures,
people (4) ___________ take care of the crocodiles’
environment and help put a stop to the needless shooting of
these animals.