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English
Quarter 3 – Module 1:
Biases in Written Texts
English – Grade 8
Quarter 3 – Module 1: Biases in Written Texts
First Edition, 2020
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English
Quarter 3 – Module 1:
Biases in Written Texts
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to
use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning at home.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.
2
Let Us Learn
Hello, there! In this module we will be exploring about the impact of biases
in different written texts.
Here, you will be able to learn how biases affect the readers’ feeling towards the
subject discussed. This module will also help you learn how to spot biased
statements made by the author. Moreover, this will help you easily understand why
authors use this technique in writing. So let’s begin!
Let Us Try
Let’s start this module by checking what you know about the topic! Are you
ready?
DIRECTIONS: Read the following questions below and write the letter that
corresponds to your answer.
“Teenagers love Soca-Sola because of its very fun and festive vibe which most
soda brands don’t have”.
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4. Which of the following is the subject of the sentence?
a. Teenagers
b. Soca-Sola
c. Vibe
d. Soda brands
“Sugars and Acids found in each can of Soca-Sola are like poison to the body
that causes fatal health problems”.
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c. Causes fatal health problems
d. All of the above
11. Which of the following shows the hidden meaning of the statement?
a. The author likes drinking Soca-Sola.
b. The author does not like drinking other soda brands.
c. The author is biased towards Soca-Sola and influences readers’
perception of its effect on human health.
d. The author is biased against Soca-Sola and prefers other soda brands
discouraging readers to like the product mentioned.
12. Which of the following details display bias from the sentence?
a. Commitment to consumer is the priority
b. The Soca-Sola company ensures all products perfectly suit
c. All products perfectly suit the taste of each consumer
d. All of the above
3
Let Us Study
As we begin with the lesson, let us first look at the advertisement for
different beverages. Try to observe at the messages implied in the
advertisement for both Soda and Tea..
Unreasonably
Expensive!!
Tasteless!
4
Now let’s unbox unfamiliar words that will help you understand the reading
text better!
1. 2.
3. 4.
5
5. 6.
7. 8.
6
9. 10.
Now that you’ve unlocked the mystery words, you may now read this text and
analyze the purpose of the author in writing this informative text. You may read it
aloud or silently on your own.
Tea has been popular for a few centuries now all over the world, from the small
garden gatherings in Asia to the busy cities of Europe. It became the all-time
favourite of most people. In fact, according to the article from Critical Reviews in Food
and Nutrition (2013), tea takes the second position of the most consumed beverage
among all. Moreover, this beverage acclaims to have good beneficial effects on human
health. It is known to have chemo-preventive effects on cancers, cardiovascular
disease, and inflammation. In an experiment, researchers have seen a significant
decrease of non-malignant tumor growths in tumor-bearing mice. Although this
result may seem promising, this still remains questionable simply because the study
is conducted on mice and not humans themselves. It is obviously unreliable to
compare results of mice to human subjects.
What is surprising is that there are a lot more reasons why you should reconsider
drinking tea, and here’s the list:
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have looked into more than a thousand patients who drink tea and have
reported to suffer from these problems.
2. Tea can cause mental issues
As mentioned, tea products contain caffeine that could relatively disrupt your
sleep cycle. This means that with an excessive consumption of this beverage, a
person’s mind will be too stimulated even if the body already needs adequate
sleep. Having Inadequate sleep for a few days can cause various mental issues
such as impaired memory and reduced attention span (Hill, 2019).
3. Tea can lead to pregnancy complications
High amounts of caffeine from tea can cause life-threatening problems
especially to pregnant women. Drinking too much of this beverage in unadvisable
for this leads to miscarriage and low infant birth weight.
4. Tea can cause kidney damage
Drinking Weight loss tea alongside with fasting for only a week may abruptly
cause severe dehydration which can further cause tremors, blurry vision, and
worst is kidney damage.
5. Tea can increase Anxiety
On top of all mentioned above, drinking this risky beverage can increase
anxiety levels, together with stress, and restlessness which is significantly
threatening to any consumer of these products.
All of the risks enumerated above are just a tiny fraction of the unknown dangers
of drinking tea. Although this beverage is popular, it cannot be denied that this
brings hazard to its consumers without them knowing. This is why it is best to avoid
supporting these products for these are indeed silent destroyers of our health.
What are your thoughts after reading this text? Do you think this is fair and true?
Answer the following questions
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Activity 3 Organizing Ideas
Directions: List down details and the main idea that support biases used in the
written text using the “detail organizer” below. Write the main idea inside the vacant
space of the soda can and a supporting detail in each of the acid bubble.
Detail Detail
_____________ ________________
_____________ ________________
_____________ ________________
Detail _______
_____________
Detail
_____________
_____________ __________
__________
_____________ __________
___
Detail _________ Detail
_____________ __________
_____________ __________
_____________ __________
_____________ __________
___ __________ __________
______ _____
Main Idea
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_________________________
_
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Bias statements are commonly misleading, and it’s important to learn how to spot
one. Here’s a thorough discussion about Biases written texts and how to spot it.
Let’s say your close friend is running for the position of president in the students’
organization in your school. As usual, all students in the school including yourself,
has to vote for a candidate for each position in the organization.
Given the fact that your friend is one of the candidates, there is a high possibility
that you will be voting for your friend not because she is the best among the
candidates but because you know her personally and that she is your FRIEND.
In this situation, you are perhaps displaying BIAS towards your friend.
What is BIAS?
This does not only exist in situations like school elections but instead, it also exists
to almost everywhere, like in:
Most authors use bias in writing in order to influence or sway the readers’ perception
about the subject in the text. Biases can be used either against or towards the
subject depending on how the author presents the subject to the readers. In addition,
the author may also present positive details or negative details in order to create
a biased impression to the readers.
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If negative details are given Author is biased against the
about the subject = subject
It is important for the readers to spot biases in written texts to avoid falling as a
victim into the author’s propaganda. Also, developing a good ability of spotting such
techniques may help avoid leaning towards or against a subject without evidences.
Rather, readers should judge subjects based on facts and evidences and not on
biases made by the author.
Recognizing Bias
The author’s opinion about the topic can be revealed by looking through the words
used that are charged with emotion (whether positive or negative).
Notice that the three set of words have the same meaning yet imply a different tone
and impression to the readers.
Ex. Labelling people who did not finish a college degree as “failure”, it does not
directly mean that those people failed in life. Not everybody who did not graduate in
college is a failure. Some are successful in different aspects in life.
If the author isn’t using specific language, this could be an indicator of bias.
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Lack of specific details about a subject may imply that the author is only showing
the other side of the story.
In this example, it seems that the president is not friendly to everyone and implies a
negative impression. Now, check out the second example:
“The president was furious to everyone in the classroom because they were
not paying attention and were disrespectful”
In the second example, here you can see the reason why the president was furious
to everyone which gives you clear impression of what really happened.
If the author only presents one side of an argument, his/her writing is probably
biased. This is also an obvious indication that the author is trying to influence the
readers using one-sided arguments, putting the author in-charge of filtering
information to be presented in the text.
Facts are what they are – the truth. But opinions can be based on feelings, emotions,
or prejudices, which aren’t objective. Make sure that the information fed by the
author in the text is based on fact and not on emotions.
If you spot these things in a written text, it means that the author is using biased
statements and is using this technique to persuade you to support or oppose the
subject discussed. Take note that bias can be used against or towards the subject
depending on the details used whether positive or negative.
Let Us Practice
Now, do you know what biases in written texts are, Let’s put that into a
test and try to spot them in this activity.
Directions: Now that you’ve learned about biases present in written text, re-read the
report presented earlier about “Why you should stop drinking tea” .Then, list
down the statements you think that are biased against the subject.
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Note: Go back to the text and list down your answers
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
Directions: Read the following biased statements below and identify whether it is
biased towards or against the subject. Put a (-) symbol beside the item if the
statement is biased against the subject while a (+) symbol if the statement is biased
towards the subject.
5. Tea products are silent killers; it gives you a pinch of good health
benefits and a load of harmful side effects without knowing.
Let Us Remember
Upon understanding what biases are in written text, what are your
realizations?
Activity 5 Evaluating my Understanding
Directions: Explain your own understanding of the “concept of bias” through the
Facebook emojis below. Write your explanation in 3-5 sentences in the spaces
provided below.
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What I don’t like about bias is …
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
Let Us Assess
This time, let’s check our understanding about the topic and analyze the
following questions.
DIRECTIONS: Read the following statements below and identify which one is biased
towards or against the subject discussed. Write the letter of your answer.
3. All of the statements below are biased against consumption of tea except
one.
a. Tea products such as green and black tea can reduce the risk of
developing diabetes disease.
b. Pregnant women who consume tea can harm the development of their
babies in the womb.
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c. Tea consists of high levels of caffeine which can cause diarrhea,
headaches, or even vomiting.
d. Consuming tea products daily can trigger anxiety, stress, and
restlessness of the consumer.
4. “Drinking tea offers more health benefits than drinking soda”. Which of the
following below best describes the statement given?
a. The author likes drinking tea than soda.
b. The author neither likes tea nor soda.
c. The author is biased against drinking tea, and influences the readers
chose soda over tea.
d. The author is biased towards drinking tea, and influences the readers
chose tea over soda.
5. “Soda is the #1 beverage that contains massive amount of sugar that leads
to different types of diabetes”. Which of the following below best describes
the statement given?
a. The author recommends drinking soda daily.
b. The author is telling you to drink water than soda.
c. The author is biased against drinking soda, and discourages the
readers to consume this drink.
d. The author is biased towards drinking soda, and encourages the
readers to consume this drink.
8. “Tea is often linked with multiple mental problems since it disrupts your sleep
cycle due to its caffeine contents”. Which of the following below best describes
the statement given?
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a. The author is biased towards tea and influences the readers to
consume tea products.
b. The author is biased against tea and influences the readers to stop
consuming tea products.
c. The author likes drinking tea even if it causes multiple mental
problems.
d. The author does not like drinking tea because it causes multiple mental
problems.
9. “Tea is definitely the best among different beverages as it makes you healthier,
which prevents you from developing cancer and diabetes”. Which of the
following below best describes the statement given?
a. The author is right, tea products are the best beverage among all in the
market.
b. The author is wrong, tea products are not the best beverage among all
in the market.
c. The author is biased towards tea and influences the readers to
consume tea products.
d. The author is biased against tea and influences the readers to stop
consuming tea products.
10. “95% of doctors recommend daily consumption of soda to induce better brain
function among its consumers”. Which of the following below best describes
the statement given?
a. The author is biased towards soda and influences the readers’ opinion
about the effect of soda to our health.
b. The author is biased against soda and influences the readers’ opinion
about the effect of soda to our health.
c. The author is right; soda is indeed good for our health.
d. The author is wrong; soda is very harmful to our health.
11. Which of the following statements display bias towards drinking tea?
a. Tea and Soda are two of the most popular and the most consumed
beverages around the world.
b. Acids found in soda are harmful and can seriously damage your
gastrointestinal tract in the long run.
c. Tea is the only beverage in the world that can help prevent cancer,
diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases all at the same time.
d. Tea has various side effects that are not usually known by most
consumers such as headaches, vomiting and sleep disorders.
12. Which of the following statements display bias against drinking soda?
a. Soda is a popular drink for party goers because of its fun and energetic
vibe.
b. 95% of college students drink soda to energize their body for the whole
day.
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c. Frequent consumption of soda causes severe obesity which later leads
to serious cardiovascular diseases.
d. Drinking tea is better than drinking soda.
13. “Tea is better than soda if you don’t want to suffer from obesity, diabetes,
and dental problems which is commonly caused by drinking soda”. Which
of the following below best describes the statement given?
a. The author is biased towards soda and influences the readers’ opinion
about the effect of soda to our health.
b. The author is biased against soda and influences the readers’ opinion
about the effect of soda to our health.
c. The author suggests that the readers should drink tea.
d. The author suggests that the readers should drink soda.
14. Which of the following below best describes the written text when the
author is biased towards the subject?
a. The author emphasizes the positive details about the subject of the
written text.
b. The author emphasizes the negative details about the subject of the
written text.
c. The author emphasizes both the positive and negative details about the
subject of the written text.
d. The author emphasizes neither the positive nor negative details about
the subject of the written text.
15. Which of the following below best describes the written text when the
author is biased against the subject?
a. The author emphasizes the positive details about the subject of the
written text.
b. The author emphasizes the negative details about the subject of the
written text.
c. The author emphasizes both the positive and negative details about the
subject of the written text.
d. The author emphasizes neither the positive nor negative details about
the subject of the written text.
Let Us Enhance
Now it’s your time to make your own text, apply all you have learned from
the topic and make sure to avoid using biases in your writing.
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below.
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
Rubrics
Criteria 5 3 1
The essay has 1-2 The essay has 3-5 The essay has 5 or
conventional errors conventional errors more conventional
CONVENTIONS in either grammar, in either grammar, errors in either
grammar, mechanics, mechanics, spelling, mechanics, spelling, grammar,
spelling and sentence and sentence and sentence mechanics, spelling,
construction construction construction and sentence
construction
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Let Us Reflect
As you learn about the topic, what do you think are the alternative ways in
order to spot and avoid biases in written texts?
Directions: After learning about “biases in written texts”. Make a list of 5 tips of
your own in avoiding biases in writing.
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Let us Practice
Activity 4
1. Tea can cause various problems
2. These products may cause various
problems to human health
3. Researchers have looked into more
than a thousand patients
4. Tea can cause mental issues
5. Could relatively disrupt your sleep
cycle
6. Inadequate sleep for a few days
can cause various mental issues
7. Tea can lead to pregnancy
complications
8. Tea can cause life-threatening
problems especially to pregnant
women
9. Tea can cause kidney damage
Activity 2 Let us Learn
10. May abruptly cause severe 1. beverage 11. A
dehydration 2. disrupt 12. D
3. excessive 13. C
11. Tea can increase Anxiety 4. adequate 14. B
5. abrupt 15. A
12. This risky beverage can increase 6. caffeine 16. C
anxiety levels 7. dehydration 17. B
8. anxiety 18. A
13. A tiny fraction of the unknown 9. consumer 19. D
dangers of drinking tea. 10. palpitation 20. B
21. D
14. Brings hazard to its consumers 22. D
without them knowing 23. C
24. A
15. Silent destroyers of our health 25. C
Answer Key
Let us Practice More
+ 1. Soda is a good source of
energy for it contains sugars and acids that
can help you get energized all throughout the
day!
- 2. Drinking black tea is like
wasting money, it is definitely tasteless and
totally expensive both at the same time.
- 3. Tons of fatal health problems can
Let us assess be developed from drinking soda and this
includes obesity and diabetes!
1. C
2. D
+ 4. Drinking tea frequently fights
3. A
cancer and cardiovascular diseases.
4. D
5. C
6. B - 5. Tea products are silent
7. D killers, it gives you a pinch of good health
8. B benefits and a load of harmful side effects
9. C without knowing.
10. A
11. C
12. C
13. B
14. A
15. B
References
Collins Dictionary. (n.d.). Retrieved June 17, 2020, from Collins Dictionary:
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/bias
Hayat, K., Iqbal, H., Malik, U., Bilal, U., & Mushtaq, S. (2013). TEA AND ITS
CONSUMPTION: BENEFITS AND RISKS. Article in Critical Reviews in Food Science
and Nutrition.
Side Effects of Tea. (n.d.). Retrieved June 17, 2020, from Healthline.com:
https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/side-effects-of-tea#1.-Reduced-iron-
absorption
The Benefits of Softdrinks. (n.d.). Retrieved June 17, 2020, from Planet Naturopath:
https://www.planetnaturopath.com/healthy-foods/the-benefits-of-soft-drinks/
The Disadvantages of Tea. (n.d.). Retrieved June 17, 2020, from Livestrong.com:
https://www.livestrong.com/article/526305-the-disadvantages-of-tea/
Vartanian, L. R., Schwartz, M. B., & Brownell, K. D. (2007). Effects of Soft Drink
Consumption on Nutrition and Health: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Am J Public Health.
Wake County Public School System. (n.d.). Retrieved June 17 , 2020, from Wake County
Public School System:
https://www.wcpss.net/cms/lib/NC01911451/Centricity/Domain/3855/Authors
%20Bias%20Notes.pdf
What are the Benefits of Softdrinks. (n.d.). Retrieved June 17, 2020, from Livestrong.com:
https://www.livestrong.com/article/260283-what-are-the-benefits-of-soft-drinks/
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