rare Peon UE CUR ie Vm cil KINH TE THUONG MAI Viet / ih eeLOI NOI DAU Ngay nay viéc sir dung ti€ng Anh trong lanh vue thudng mai da tré thanh mét nhu cau thiét yéu déi vdi hau hét c4c cong thudng ky nghé gia va cdc nhan vién lam viéc tai c4c céng ty nuéc ngoai, nhung dé sit dung chinh x4c va thanh thao cdc ti ngif, thuat ngif cing nhw nhitng mau cu chudn myc trong tiéng Anh thugng mai 1a diéu khong dé dang lim. Nhim gitip céc ban phdn nao kh&c phuc diéu nay va ciing khéng ngoai muc dich gitip trau déi vOn kién thifc tiéng Anh cin ban da co s&n cia cdc ban, ching téi bién soan cudn “Céch ding ar ngit va thugt ngi kinh té thuong mqi, Viet - Anh”. Sach gdm nhitng miu cau Vigt - Anh duge dang lam vi du minh hoa cho c4ch dang céc uy ng va thuat ngif chuyén nganh nhv Quén trj Kinh doanh, Ngoai thudng, Kinh té Tai chinh va Ké todn. Hy vong sach nay s@ gitip céc ban xfy dung cho minh v6n kién thifc ti€ng Anh thudng mai m61 céch nhanh chong va hiéu qua. SOAN GIAA ANH HUGNG DEN: have an effect on OQ LAi suat ting da cé Anh hung dang ké dén viéc ban céc thiét bi gia dung The rise in interest rates has had a considerable effect on sales of consumer appliances. AP DUNG: apply OQ Ching tdi cdn tuyén ngudi cé thé 4p dung céc ky nang quan ly dé mé rong hoat dng cia chting toi 3 Ditc. We need someone who can apply management skills to expand our German operation. AP DUNG MOI BIEN PHAP: take all steps Q Ching t6i da 4p dung moi bién phap dé tang so lwgng hang ban. We took all steps with a view to boosting the sales. AP LUC : pressure Q TGicé thé lAm viéc dudi 4p luc. Tecan work under pressure. AN LUONG HUU: receive a pension a Chau hét moi quéc gia, ngudi ta An hidng hu mé6t khi ngudi ta 60 tudi. In most countries people receive a pension once they turn sixty. AM MUU : conspiracy a Ong quan ly lo ling cé mOt 4m muu chéng d6i 6ng ta, vi thé ong ta rdi bé céng ty. The manager was worried there was a conspiracy against him, so he left the company.AN DINH : charge, determine Q Basé6 cdc ngan hang déu 4n dijnh Jai sudt gidng nhu nhau. Most banks charge the same rate of interest . a Sau khi hang héa da dugc san xuat th} ta phai 4n djnh phuong thie dat hiéu qua nhat dé giao dén tay khdch hang. After goods have been produced, the most efficient method of delivering them to the customer must be determined. AN DINH CAC THU CHUAN: establish standards a Chinh phi da dn dinh céc tiéu chudn cho vie x€p hang cdc loai 1p xe. The government has established standards for grading tires.B BA BAN: in triplicate Q Hoa don sé duge géi dén ba ban. The invoice will be sent in triplicate. Q Chiing t6i clin héa don kém theo ba ban, va hai hoa don lanh su. We require invoice in triplicate and two consular invoices. BAL THUYET TRINH: presentation Q Bai thuyét trinh cia ban nén gdm mt phan gidi thigu ngdn, médt phan dan bai, mét phan trong tam, mét phan tom tét va mét phan két ludin. Your presentation should consist of a short introduction, an overview, a main part, a summary and a conclusion. BAI DAU XE: parking lot 4 Bai dau xe nay duge danh riéng cho nhan vién cia céng ty. This parking lot is reserved for company personnel, BAN DliU HANH: board Q@ Ban diéu hanh cita ching ta sé dua ra quyét dinh vao phién hop di, Our hoard are expected to make a decision at the next meeting. BAN GIAM BOC: board of directors, management OQ T6i cén ban giém dée cho 146i thém thdi gian dé hoan thanh dé an. I need the board of directors to give me some more time to finish the project. GQ Ban gidm d6c sé dua ra quyét dinh cudi cing vé hoat dong nay. The board of directors will make the final decision about the operation,Q Ban gidm déc da quyét dinh chi tra tién Ai 1a 5 d6 cho méi cé phan. The board of directors has decided to pay a devidend of $ 5 per share. Q Ban gidm déc sit dung céc ban ké khai tai chinh dé ra céc quyét djnh vé kinh doanh va dinh mifc thué phai nop 1A bao nhiéu. Management uses financial statements in order to make business decisions and in order to determine how much tax to pay. BAN HANH: impose Q Cafe chinh phé co thé gidi han cdc mat hang nhap khdu bling cach ban hanh mdt sic thué danh trén hang nhap kh&u. . Governments can limit imports by imposing an import tax. BAN LANH DAO: board GQ VAo thdi diém nay, ban lanh dao 6m c6 6 ngusi. At the moment the board consists of six people. BAN THANH TRA: investigating committee a Ong Fredericks, mét nha tu ban céng nghiép néi tiéng, sé dan dau ban thanh tra. Mr. Fredericks, a prominent industrialist, will head the investigating committee. BAN LUAN: discuss Q Sau khi xem san ph&m cia cdc ng, ching t6i mudn ban luan vé gid ca. After looking at your products we would like to discuss prices. BAN: sell OQ BAncho hg khé nh ban nuéc dé cho dan Eskimo, Selling to them is as difficult as selling ice to the Eskimoes. OQ Bancé thé bén quan 4o mia déng 6 nhifng khu vic c6 maa dong lanh gid. You can sell winter clothes in areas where there ure cold winters.BAN BAO HIEM: sell insurance a Céng ty Bao hiém H6 tudng cé mudi ngan dai ly trong kh4p cd nuéc, bin bao hiém va gidi quyét cic don ddi béi thudng. The Mutual Insurance Company has ten thousand agents nationwide who sell insurance and settle claims. BAN CHAY: sell well a Nhi’ng may Anh nay dang dude ban chay & d&t nuéc ching tdi. These cameras are selling well in our country. BAN CHAY NHAT: sell best Q Ti c6 kha nang tim ra nhifng sén phém nao ban chay nhft. have the ability to find out which products will sell best. BAN HA GIA: sell at a low price Q Thj trudng gao dv thiva va bay gid dang bén ha gid. The rice market has become glutted and is now selling at a low price. BAN HANG TRUC TIEP: personal selling a Viéc bén hang tryc tiép dat dudc hiéu qua khi cé ding nhitng khdch hang nao 46 cn dén san phém. Personal selling is effective when there are just certain purchasers for the product. Q Viéc ban hang tryc tiép dat hiéu qu d6i vdi viéc ban may bay. Personal selling is effective for aircraft sales. Q Viéc ban hang tryc ti€p dat dude hiéu qua khi sin phdm dude ché tao theo ¥ muén cia mét khéch hang dac biét. Personal selling is effective when the product is tailored to a particular customer. a Xe hai va bat déng s4n 1A nhifng sAn phdm ddi hdi dén viéc ban true tip. Céng viéc quang cdo vin chwa da. Automobiles and real estate are products which require personal selling. Advertising is not enough.BAN HBT: sell out Q B6 tuyén chon méi duge moi ngudi va thich dén ndi cita hang da ban hét trong vong 2 ngay. . The new selection was so popular that the store sold out in 2 days. Q Ching téi ti€c rang sé... da ban hét. We regret that No. ... is sold out, BAN LAI: resale U Negu6éi trung gian mua sadn phém ty nhiéu nha ché tao dé ban lai. The middleman buys products for resale from several different manufacturers, BAN MAO: deal in volume 4 Nha bu6n Ié nay c6 thé cung ttng cho 6ng mét gid ha hon bi vi 6ng ta ban mao. This retailer can offer you a lower price because he deals in volume. BAN NGAY DUGC: find a ready sale Q Ching t6i tin ring qui 6ng sé ban ngay duge mat hang xuat sAc nay va ching t6i cing dang chd don dat hang tiép theo cia qui Ong. We trust (are confident) that you will find a ready sale for this excellent quality and are looking forward to your further orders. BAN RA NUGC NGOAI: sell abroad Q C&c quéc gia bén ra nvéc ngoai nhiing loai hang h6a duge sin xudt c6 hiéu qua cao nhat 3 trong nude. Countries sell abroud the goods produced most efficiently at home. BAN THANH PHAM: semi-finished product Q Tinh trang @ dong t6n tai 6 noi mA nguyén vat ligu hodc ban thanh pham dén lai hay t6n dong lai & m61 diém tron day chuyén sén° xuat vi chting duge dua d&n dé vai m6t mite dé nhanh hon 1A mite ching c6 thé dude ché bin va dude tiép tuc chuyén di. A bottleneck exists where raw materials or semi-finished products collect or bunch up at a point on the production line because they arrive there at a faster rate than they can be processed and moved on. 10BAN THAO: dumping Q M6t vai nha san xudt bi cho 1a ban théo hang, néi cAch khac 1A ban hang ra nude ngoai vai gid ré hon trong nuéc. Some manufacturers were accused of dumping, in other words selling goods abroad at a lower price than they were sold domestically, BAN THEO MENH GIA: sell in denomination Q Nhifng tréi phi€u thudng duge ban theo céc ménh gid 1.000 d6 la hay 5.000 dé la. Bonds are usually sold in denominations of $1,000 or $5,000. BAN DIEU LE CONG TY: articles of incorporation u Luft su cia téi sé soan thao ban diéu 1é céng ty. My lawyer will draw up the articles of incorporation. BAN GHINHG: memorandum (pl. memoranda) Q T6i cé kha nang soan thao nhiéu loai ban ghi nhé, ddn dat hang va thu chao hang. I have the ability 10 prepare a wide variety of memoranda, orders and offers. BAN KE CAC KHOAN CHI: statement of expenses Q Ban ké céc khoan chi cho biét céng ty da chi ti€u mat chiyng nao dé vin cén gid dugc mifc dé kinh doanh. The statement of expenses shows how much money the company spent in order to stay in business. BAN KE KHAI CHI TIET (HANG): specifications a Hang phai ding véi moi diém trong ban ké khai chi ti€t cha ching Wi. The goods must comply in every respect with our specifications. BAN Kf: KHAI TAI CHINH: financial statement a Cac ké toan vién giadi thich céc ban ké khai tai chinh. Cac ké todn vién c6 thé néi cho biét nhitng ban ké khai tai chinh mang y nghia gi. 11Accountants interpret financial statements, Accountants can tell what financial statements mean. u C&c ké toan vién lap ra nhifng ban ké khai 1Ai chinh. Accountants construct financial statements. BAN KE THU CHI: income expense statement Q Nhimng nhan vién ké toan st dung cdc théng tin trong sé cAi dé lap ra cdc bang tong két tai san va cac ban ké thu chi. Accountants use ledger information to construct balance sheets and income expense statements. BAN MO TA CONG VIEC: job description Q Ho viét mét ban m6 ta viée 1am ghi r3 muc tiéu cha cong viée. They write a job description specifying the objectives of the job. QO . Nén nghién cifu ban mé 14 céng viéc trudc khi gdi t6m t&t ly lich. A study of the job description would be advisable before sending a cv. BAN NGAN SACH: budget @ Xin vui long hoan t&t ban ngan sach truéc khi cé vé nha. Please finish the budget before you go home. BAN SAO: copy Q Xin hay xem xét van dé nay va néu qui 6ng déng y, xin hay gdi cho chting t6i m6t ban sao héa don cilia qui 6ng sé... Please look into the matter and if you agree, kindly send us a copy of your invoice No ... BAN SAO DON DAT HANG: copy order a Don dat hang sé ... cla qui 6ng da dugec thyc hién nhu chi dan va ching t6i han hanh géi kém theo ban sao dun dat hang cla ching tdi. Your order No. ... has been bovked as instructed and we have pleasure in enclosing herewith our copy order. 12BAN SAO DON DAT HANG CO MINH HOA: illustrated copy order Q Ching t6i sé cho ban sao don dat hang c6 minh hoa cla qui Ong qua chuyén thu vé. We are awaiting your illustrated copy order by return (of post). BAN THUYET MINH: explanatory leaflet a Chiing téi cung c&p mét ban thuyét minh cho tat cd cdc sin phdm cla ching t6i, véi mét danh s4ch céc trung tam dich vy kh&p thé gidi. We provide an explanatory leaflet for all our products, giving a list of service centres world-wide. BANG DY K& GIA: quotation Q Truéc khi d&t mua bit cif th gi, cdn phai c6 ba bang dy ké gid kh4c nhau. Before ordering anything, first get three different quotations. BANG GIA: price list Q Xin vui Jong gi cho ching t6i bang gid ... cia qui Ong véi gid thdp nhat. Please kindly send us your price list of ... with your lowest prices. BANG GIA BANG DONG BO LA MY: quotation in US dollar a LAm dn cho ching t6i mt bang gid bing déng d6 la My. Please give us a quotation in US dollar. BANG GIA DiNH KEM: enclosed price list a Ching tdi cho gid thap nhat trong bang gid dinh kem. We have quoted our lowest prices on the enclosed price list, BANG GIA MUA XUAN: spring price list Q Ching ti han hanh géi cho qui Ong bang gid mda xudn cia ching 16i. We have pleasure in sending you our spring price list. 13BANG LUONG: payroll Q Cong ty nay cé bang ludng hang wan khodng 100.000 dé la. This company has a weekly payroll of about $100,000. BANG TONG KET TAI SAN: balance sheet Q Cac tich sdn va ng cla cong ty phai dugc ké khai trong bang téng két tai sn. The assets and liabilities of the company must be listed on the balance sheet, . Q M6t bang téng két tai sn cha céng ty TNHH phai dugc lwu lai Hoi déng Gidm s4t Giao dich Thugng mai va Chitng khodn. A copy of the corporation’s balance sheet must be filed with the SEC (Securities and Exchange Commission). 4 Tich san duge chiét tinh theo muc & phia bén tr4i ca bang téng két tai san. The assets are itemized on the loft side of the balance sheet, Q Bang céch kiém tra bang téng két tai sdn va nhitng chifng ti khac, chting t6i c6 thé thay ring céng ty khong hoat d6ng tét nhy ho ndi. By examining the balance sheet and other documents we were able 10 find out that the company was not doing as well as they claimed. BANH HANG: bale Q Banh hang d& duge nhan vao ngay hom nay. The bale has been received today. BANH TRUGNG: expand O Céng ty khong mu6n cdc d6i thi canh tranh biét minh dang bAnh tru6ng vao Chau Au, The Company does not want its competitors 10 know it is expanding into Europe. BAO BI: package Q Ho da thay déi ngé6n ti trén bao bi dé tuan theo nhiing diéu Ié mdi. They have changed the wording on the package to comply with the new regulations. 14Q Bang gif cia ching t6i bao gém giao hang gid f.0.b Luan DOn/ c.i.f Smyrna/ f.a.s Liverpool. Our quotation includes delivery f.o.b London! c.if Smyrna/ fas Liverpool. BAO CAO: report Q Gidm déc yéu cdu cdc bd phan khéc nhau cia éng ta gdi bao cdo. The director asked his various departments to submit their reports, Q Gidm déc mai vy bao cao cho giém déc diéu hanh. The sales director reports to the MD (Managing Director). BAO CHI: press . QA: Téicé thé diva viéc nay 1én bdo chi duge khong? Can I announce this to the press? B: Nay, t6t hdn nén dgi t6i x4c minh lai véi giém d&c diéu hanh. Well, I'd rather you waited until I've checked with the MD. OQ Vily do bi mat, ching t0i khOng duge phép cung c&p chi tiét cho bao chi. For reasons of confidentiality we were not allowed to give details to the press. BAO DA NHAN DUGQC: acknowledge Q > Xin hay bao khi nhfn duge don dat hang cia ching ti qua chuyén thu vé. Kindly acknowledge our order by return of post. Q Ching téi xin béo 1a da han dugc héa don cha qui Sng ... We acknowlege your invoice of BAO THUONG MAI: trade paper a Ong ta cho thay ring minh cp nhat héa véi céc ¥ tudng va thiét bi mdi bang cAch doc céc bdo thudng mai. He indicates that he keeps up to date with new ideas and equipment by reading trade papers. 15BAO DUGNG: upkeep a T6i 44 tai qua 2 nam lam thg méy & Xubng M6 TO London, ndi mA t6i c6é dugc kinh nghiém bao quat vé cd hoc cia m6t chiéc xe hoi va cach bdo dudng n6. T6i cé mét qué tinh Ii xe trong sach va la ngudi kiéng rudu tuyét d6i. J spent two years as a mechanic in the London Motor Works, where I gained extensive experience in the mechanism of a car and its upkeep. I have a clean driving experience and 1 am a teetotaller, BAO DAM: ensure a Ho cé thé bao dam duc ch4t lygng san phém néu nhv ho hudn luy6n cdc gidm sat vién. They can ensure the quality of the product if they train the supervisors. BAO HIEM: cover, cover insurance, insure a a Ong nén lam thém mét hdp déng phy bdo hiém nhifng thiét hai ngdu nhién. You should take out an additional policy covering you against accidental damage. Chting t6i 44 ghi nhan ring qui 6ng sé bao hiém 6 do. We have noted that you are covering insurance there. Hay nhé mua bdo hiém day di khi ban di nuéc ngoai. Make sure you're fully insured when you go abroad. Xin bdo hiém cho ching t6i s@ hang dude ghi trén tai liu dinh kem. Please insure us on the cargo listed on the attached sheet. Xin hay chéd nhifng chi thi cia chting t6i vé bao hiém. Please await our instructions for insurance. BAO HIEM CHUYEN CHG: in transit cover a 16 Ngu@i nhan hang phai s4p xp bao hiém chuyén ché. The consignees should arrange in transit cover.BAO HIEM XA HOI: social security Q Chi phai déng céc khodn thu€ bdo hiém x4 hdi cho mdi céng nhan. The employer must pay social security taxes for each worker. BAO HIEM Y TE: medical insurance Q Chi cung ting c4c khodn bao hiém y té cho cong nhan. The employer provides medical insurance for the workers. BAO TRI: maintenance Q C&ée han vién bao wi thudng xuyén 1am céng viéc bao wi sita chita may méc dé bao ddm ring ching vin 6 trong tinh trang hoat déng dung mttc. Maintenance personnel regularly service the machines to ensure that they are in proper operating condition. BAO VE: safeguard Q Ho s&p dat mét ké hoach dé bao vé Idi ich cia minh. They devised a plan to safeguard their interests. BAO HOA: saturate a Thj truéng danh cho déng hé deo tay thi hdu nhy da hoan toan bao hda, nhung chting t6i mong sé tng duge mite ban loai méy tinh bd wi. The market for wrist watches is almost completely saturated, but we expect to increase our sales of pocket calculators. BANG CHUNG: evidence a Ngai luat su dua ra bing ching tai toa dé hd tro cho Ii khang dinh cia minh. The lawyer produced evidence in court.to support his statement. BANG CU NHAN: bachelor’s degree Q Téicé bang ctf nhan kinh té. I’ve got a Bachelor's degree in Economics. 17BANG DIEN TIN: by cable Q Xin hay x4e nhan dgn dat hang cia ching t6i bang dién tin. Kindly confirm our order by cable. BANG GIAY TRANG MUC DENt in black and white a Ti sé khéng tin 1a ching ta cé ban hgp déng cho dén khi nao t6i thay bing gidy tr4ng myc den. I won't believe we have the contract until I see it down in black and white. BANG HOI PHIEU NGAN HANG: by banker’s draft Q Ching 16i dé nghj qui 6ng thu x€p thanh todn cho ching t6i bing h6i phiéu ngan hang. We suggest that you arrange payment by banker's draft in our favour. BANG LAI: driver’s licence G T6i khOng duge 1am tai x vi t6i khong cé b’ng lai trong sach. 1 didn’t get the job as a driver as I didn’t have a clean driver's licence. BANG TAY: by hand 4 Vic sin xuat céc bd phfin bing may thay vi bing tay cho phép ching ta san xuat ra dugc nhitng bé phan déng nhat. Producing parts by machine instead of by hand allows us 10 produce uniform parts. BANG THU TIN HANG KHONG: by air mail Q Chting t6i sé cho sy tra Idi cia qui 6ng bang thu tin hang khong. We are awaiting your reply by air mail. BANG VAN BAN: in writing Q Moi viée sé duge xdc nh4n bing van ban, Everything will be confirmed in writing. 18BANG PHUONG THUC CHUYEN NGAN QUA NGAN HANG: by banker’s transfer Q Ching t6i sé thu xép thanh todn bing phugng thitc chuyén ngan qua ngan hang. We shall arrange payment by banker’s transfer. BAT NGUON TU: originate from a ¥ tung dé duge cho 1a bat ngudn ty BS phan Mai vu. The idea is said to have originated from the Sales Department. BAT DONG SAN: real estate Q Ong ta da vay tién cla ngan hang dé tau mot bat dong san gi do. He borrowed money from the bank to purchase some real estate. BAY HGP PHAP: illegal uu Déi khi viéc m6t céng ty ti€p quan mét trong nhiing cong ty doi thi clla ho duc xem 1A bat hgp phap. It is sometimes illegal for @ company to take over one of its competitors. BAT TIEN: inconvenience a Xin hay nhan Idi céo 13i_ ca ching 16i vi sy nhdm lan va nhitng bat tién ma da gay ra cho qui 6ng. Please accept our opologies for the error (mistake) and the inconvenience it has caused you. BAU KHONG KHI: atmosphere Q bHiéu téi thich nhat 1a cé4c cudc thudng nghi duge tién hanh tong bdu khong khi rft than mat. Whar I liked most was that the negotiations were conducted in a friendly atmosphere. BEN: party, side a Cho dén hic duge hai bén cing ky, hdp déng nay kh6ng duge xem nhy mOt tai ligu rang bude hgp php. 19Until signed by both parties, this agreement is not a legally binding document. Q_ Hai bén dung nhu da gidi quyét due van dé 46. The two sides appear to have solved the problem. BI] GIGI HAN: captive Q Néu Gng ding quang cdo & cdc phi trvOng, ong sé c6 sO nguai xem bi gidi han. If you advertise at airports, you have a captive audience. BI HU HONG LUC VAN CHUYEN: damaged in transit Q Ching téi hdi ngac nhién khi kién hang cia chting t0i da bj hu héng lic van chuyén. We are rather surprised that our parcel has been damaged in transit, BI QUAN LY TAI SAN: stip into receivership Q_ Céng ty bi quan ly tai san vdi sO ng 5,2 ti do la, The company slipped into receivership with debts of $5.2 billion. B] THAM HUT: in the red Q COng ty thay minh bj tham hut vai ngan dé la sau khi chi tigu qué nhiéu vao viéc cai tin day chuyén san xuat. The company found itself several thousand dollars in the red after spending so much on improving its production line. BIEN BAN: minutes Q T6i mun Sng Ay ditng xem bién ban cudc hep. I'd rather he didn’t see the minutes of the meeting. BIEN NHAN: receipt Q Néu ban dem tra Ao len nay lai cita hang, ho sé yéu cdu dude xem bién nhan dé biét cé phai ban mua no 6 dé khong. If you take the sweater back 10 the store, they'll want to see the receipt 10 show you bought it there. 20BIEN THU: misappropriate Q Vién ké todn da bj bét gap bien tha va bj dudi ngay. The accountant was caught misappropriated money and was fired immediately. BIEN PHAP: step OQ Chinh phi phai c6 bién ph4p ngdn chan sy dang ting én din vé lam phat. The government must take steps to halt the inflationary spiral. BIEN PHAP THUC DUNG: pragmatic approach Q Anh 4y c6 mét bién phap rat thuc dung dé gidi quyét cac van dé. He had a very pragmatic approach to solving problems. BIET DAI: discrimination Q Mét khfa canh quan trong trong quan hé nhan vién 14 phai bao dam ring khong cé sy biét dai trong noi lam viéc. One important aspect of employee relations is ensuring that there is no discrimination in the work place. BIEU DO DOANH SO BAN: sales figures Q ‘That chdng may, ca ban dy two4n In biéu dé doanh s6 ban cha nam ngoai déu chia duc chufin bj. Unfortunately neither the sales forecast nor last year’s sales figures are ready yet. BIEU QUYET: vote OQ Ho da biéu quyét tham gia va cd ngan ngifa xi nghiép khdi bi déng cita, They voted to sit in and try to prevent the factory from closing. BIEU SUAT THUS NHAP KHAU: tariff U Khi c6 bu6n bén ty do thi khéng c6 biéu suai thué nhap khdu va han ngach, When there is free trade, there are no tariffs and quotas. 21a NhGng biéu suai thu€ nhap khdu mdi sé khién cho céc loai hang nhap khdu cang dat tién thém d6i vai ngudi ticu ding, The new tariffs will make the imported products more expensive for consumers, Q Biéu suat thué nhap khdu dénh trén rugu 1A 2 46 la mai lit rugu manh va 1 d6 la mi lit rugu vang. The tariff on alcohol is $2 per liter of spirits and $1 per liter of wine. BO QUA: overlook OQ C&éc nhan vién kiém oan co 1é da bd qua cdc khoan thanh todn Jai sudt ma chting ta nhan dugc. The auditors might have overlooked the interest payments we received. BO THAU RE HON: underbid G Chting t6i 66 thdu ré hon tat cd nhitng déi tha ciba ching toi. We underbid all of our competitors. BO: set GQ Néu Sng lay sO lugng trén 5.000 b6 thi Sng c6 thé chon bat et mau nao Ong thich, Uf the quantity is 5,000 sets or more, you may choose any colour you like. BO PHAN: component, department, division, section Q ‘That khéng may chting 16i lai trong cay vao mot nha cung c&p ma . khdng thé cung tng cho ching ti nhifng bd phan Sng ta htfa. Unfortunately we relied on a supplier who was not able to supply us with the components he had promised. G Gidm d6e 1A ngu@i ding déu mdt bs phan trong céng ty. A manager is the head of a department in company. G Sau vigc tai 15 chic lai céng ty, chting 16i bat ddu hoat dong nh m6t bO phan d6c lap. After the company reorganisation we started to operate as an independent division, 22GQ Anh quan hé véi nhitng ngudi khéc trong bd phan cia minh nhu thé nao? How well do you get along with the other people in your section? BO PHAN Kft TOAN: accounting department G Bé phan ké todn chudn bj mot bang téng két tai san vao ngay 30 thang 3 hang nam. The accounting department prepares a balance sheet every March 30. BO PHAN NGHIEN CUU VA PHAT TRIEN: R&D department Q L6i vao bd phan nghién citu va phat trién ciia chting t6i chi gidi han nghiém ngat d6i vai nhan vién. Entrance to our R & D Department is strictly limited to staff members only, BO PHAN NHAN SU: personnel department Q BO phan nhAn sy thyc hién viée phan tich viée 1am, viéc phan tich nay 1A mt su nghién cifu chi ti€t cdc yEu 16 va dac tinh cha moi cong vide. The personnel department carries out a job analysis, which is a detailed study of the elements and characteristics of each job. BO PHAN TAI CHINH: finance department QO B6 phan 1Ai chinh chju trach nhiém vé quyét toén. The finance department is responsible for accounting. BO PHAN TIEP TH]: marketing division 2 M6 bé phan tiép thj gidi phai bidt céng ty ddi thi cha minh dang lam gi. A good marketing division knows what the competition is doing. BO TAL CHINH: finance Q BO ‘Tai Chinh da thay d6i chinh sach tai chinh. The Finance Ministry changed its fiscal policy. 23BO TUYEN CHON: selection Q Ching tdi dua ra mét b6 tuyén chon Ién gém nhiéu san phém da dang nhim dap ting nhitng nhu cau khéc nhau. We offer a wide selection of different products to meet different needs, BO TUYEN CHON HIEN CO : existing selection Q Ching t6i dang tim sn phém mdi dé thém vao b6 tuyén chon hién c6 cla ching téi. We’ re looking for new products to add to our existing selection. BO NHIEM: appoint Q Ba Jenkins duge bé nhiém quan ly chi nhénh cha ching ta 3 Florida. Mrs. Jenkins has been appointed to take charge of our Florida branch. QO Téi lay lam tiéc khi théng béo vdi anh ring chung t6i da bé nhiém ngudi khac, I'm sorry to inform you that we have already appointed someone. BO SUNG SUA DOI: modify Q Ching t6i da bé sung sita déi lai san ph&m nh’m d4p tng céc nhu cau cia khéch hang. We have modified the product so that it meets customer requirements BOI CHI: overspend Q Ma&c dit trong 5 nam dau ho 6 1d, nhung sau 46 ho bt ddu béi chi va bj thim hut. Although they made a profit in the first five years, they then started to overspend and went into the red. BOL THUONG: indemnify, compensate @ Céng ty sé béi thudng cho ngudi mua bao hiém nhiing mat mat ho&e hu hai d6i vdi xe c6 c6 bao hiém. 24The company will indemnify the policy-holder against loss of or damage to the insured vehicle. Q Chiing t6i sé lién hé véi cOng ty bdo hiém cia chting t6i va bdi thudng thiét hai cho cdc éng. ‘ We shall contact aur insurance company and compensate you for the damage. BON BAN: in quadruplicate Q Ching t6i cin héa don kém theo b6n ban va hai héa don lanh sv. We require invoice in quadruplicate and two consular invoices. BON PHAN: duty @ Nh&n vién canh sAt c6 bén phan bao vé nhitng cong dan, The policeman has the duty to protect the citizens. BU LAI: compensate, make up, in return for a C6 khoan lai thép hon trén mi mén hang nhung viéc ting so lugng hang b4n bi lai cho khoan Iai it hon trén m@i mén hang. There is a lower profit made on each item, but the increase in the number of items sold compensates for the lower profit per item. U _Kh@i lugng ban cao sé bi lai cho viéc gidm lai trén mSi mén hang. High sales volume will make up for the decrease in profit per item. @ Ho duge tang ludng khé nhiéu bd lai cho tinh 1am vide linh hoat hdn. They have been offered a considerable increase in salary in return for more flexibility. BU LO: make up a Nhiing con sO ban hang mdi nay cho thy chting ta da ba 15 cho quy tu nam ngodi. These new sales figures show we've already made up for last quarter's losses. BU THEM TIEN: compensate a Céng ty ba thém tién 1am ngoai gid cho cdc c6ng nhan. The company compensated the workers for their overtime work. 25BUOC.PHAI: be obliged” a a Néu sé tién ng dé khéng dudc thanh to4n trong vdng 7 ngay, ching ti buéc phai cho van dé tién xa hon. Uf the account is not settled within seven days, we shall be obliged to take the maner further. Chiing ti buéc long phai hy bé don dat hang. We are obliged to cancel our order. BUOI HOP: meeting a T6i thich bat dau buéi hop ngay bay gid hon IA dgi nhitng ngudi khac. I prefer to start the meeting now rather than 10 wait for others. BUGI TRINH CHIEU TREN TRUYEN HINH: television show a B6 tuyén chon dé chdi mdi dA cho théy rat dude yéu thich déi voi c4c em d@ xem buéi trinh chiéu trén truyén hinh, Our new selection of toys has proved very popular with children who have watched the television show. BUON BAN TU DO: free market Qa Trong tinh hinh buGn bén ty do, céc nha san xut c6 thé mua sim nguyén vat ligu va ban cdc loai thanh phdm cia ho ma khong bi han ché bdi cdc tut 1é cia chinh pha. In a free market situation producers can purchase their raw materials and sell their finished products without being restricted by government regulations. BUGC GIAM GIA: devaluation a 26 ‘Trude kia déng bang Anh ti gié bing 3,2 do la (My); sau bude gidm gid no chi cdn tri gid 2,8 d6 la MY ma théi. The British Pound Sterling was formerly worth $3.20 (U.S.). After devaluation it was worth only 2.80 (U.S.).Cc CA DEM: night shift a Néu bay gid chting ta di sang nha may, chting ta sé thay duge canh ca dém déi cho ca ngay. If we go over to the plant now we can watch the night shift take over from the day shift. Q Ban sé kiém duge nhiéu tién hon néu ban lam ca dém nhung né sé hiy hoai cudc s6ng xa hi cla ban. You get more money if you work on the night shift but it ruins your social life. CA HAI: second shift u Ca hai bat dau hic 4 gid chiéu va ch&m dift vao hic nia dém. The second shift begins at 4 p.m. and finishes at midnight. 4 Bing céch bé sung thém ca hai chting t6i c6é thé ting gap doi san lugng. By adding the second shift, we have been able to double production. CA MOT: first shift a Ca mot cia céc céng nhan bat dau vao hic 8 gid s4ng va két thic lic 4 gid chiéu. The first shift of workers begins at 8 a.m. and finishes at 4 p.m. CAM KET: commitment Q Sy chao hang cia ching t6i khong cfn cam két. Our offer is without commitment. CATALO: catalogue Q Xin hay chon mt mat hang tY cun catald cha ching t6i. Please select a quality from our catalogue. 27CATALO MGI NHAT: latest catalogue Q Ching t6i gdi kém theo day cudn catalé méi nhat cia ching t6i. We are sending you herewith our latest catalogue. Q Xin vui long géi cho t6i cudn catalé mdi nhat cha qui éng cing vdi bang bao gid. Please send me your latest catalogue and price list. CAL TIEN: improve, improvement a Néu hang giao khong duge cai ti€n, ching t6i buéc phai ket thiic hgp déng. If deliveries don't improve, we'll be obliged to terminate the contract, Q Hiéu qua cho thay mét sy cai ti€n rd rang trong 6 thang qua. Efficiency has shown a marked improvement over the past six months. Q Ching téi hy vong mét sy cai ti€n Idn vé nang sudt vao nim téi. We are hoping for a big improvement in productivity next year. CAN CAN CHI PHO THANG DU: balance of payments surplus Q Nhat Ban c6 mt can can chi phé thang du bdi vi ho xudt khdu nhiéu hdn 1a nhap khau. Japan has a balance of payments surplus because it exports more than it imports. CAN CAN CHI PHO THAM THUONG: balance of trade decifit 4 Quée gia nao nhap khau nhiéu hon xuat kh4u thi cé mét c4n can chi phé tham thing. A country that imports more than it exports has a balance of trade decifit. CANH TRANII: be in competition, compete Hai céng ty General Motors va Ford dang canh tranh nhau dé ban xe hi. General Motors and Ford are in competition to sell cars. 28@ Nhitng mat hang nay c6 thé canh tranh vdi nhiing mat hang cha che quéc gia kh4c vi gia thdp. These items can compete with those of other countries because of their low prices, CAO CAP HON: superior OQ Nhan vién chao hang da thuyét phyc 16i rang m6n hang dat gid hon thi phai cao cap hon. The salesperson persuaded me that the more expensive product was superior. CAO LOI: apologize Q Ching t0i xin co 13i vi nhiing bat én ma sy sai lam nay da gay ra cho qui éng. We apologize for the inconvenience this mistake caused you. CANG THANG: stress Q Nhitng ngudi ma khong thé quan ly thdi gian cla minh mGt céch c6 hiéu qua thi lu6n luén c6 nhitng mic dd cang thing cao. Those who can't manage their lime efficiently always have high stress levels. CAN-TIN CUA CONG TY: company canteen OQ 6 1a ndi quy cOng ty - nhan vién kh6ng duge hit thuéc trong cin- tin cla cOng ty. It's a company rule - personnel can’t smoke in the company canteen. CAT GIAM CHI PHI: cut costs a Vé mot phuung dién nao dé 16i phai tan thanh quyét dinh cha ho nhim c&t gidm mt phiin Ién chi phi. In away I have to agree with their decision to radically cut costs. CAM CO: pledge OQ Ho da cim c6 mot sé tai sn dé 1am vat bao ching. They pledged some assets as security. 29CAM: prohibit a Qui dinh mdi c&m ching téi khéng dudc 1am qué 10 gid phy tri trong 4 tudn. The new regulations prohibit us from doing more than 10 hours overtime in any four-week period. CAN: be in the market for, require a a Ching t6i cdn loai hang nay va sé ti dn néu qui 6ng gdi cho ching t6i bang gia vdi diéu kién tt nhat cla qui ong. We are in the market for this type of goods and would be obliged if you send us your price list with your best terms. CAn biét 3 thi tiéng. Knowledge of three languages is required. CAN NHI&U DEN SUC LAO DONG CHAN TAY: labor intensive u Nhiing quéc gia ma cé nhiéu ngudi lao déng khéng chuyén thi cé kha nang san xuat ra cdc loai san phdm can nhiéu dén stfc lao d6ng chan tay m6t céch cé hiéu qua. Countries with many unskilled laborers are able to produce labor intensive products efficiently. CAP: allocate a Ong ta c&p 10.000 d6 cho dy fn. He allocated $10,000 for the project. CAP NHAT: post 4 Ké toan vién luu giit sé séch cap nhat nhimng con s6 ti trong quyén s6 nhat ky vao trong quyén sé cé ghi tat cd cc khodn muc. The bookkeeper posts the journal figures in the book containing all the accounts. u_- Sd tién nay sé duge cap nhat ngay vao tai khoan cia 6ng. This money will be posted to your account immediately. CAT CANH: take off a 30 May bay ciia t6i da cat cénh tré 4 tiéng do bdi sudng ma. My plane took off 4 hours late because of fog.CAU LAC BO DIA HAT VA BANG TU: record and tape club Q Nhing dia hat va bang tf nay khOng c6 s¥n dé ban cho dai ching; ban chi c6 thé nhan dugc chting khi ban gia nhap cau lac b6 dia hat va bang tir cha ching t6i ma thdi. These records and tapes are not available to the general public. can receive them only when you join our record and tape club. you cCAU Kf THONG DONG: collude Q Ho cau két thong déng vdi nhau d6t toa nha dé ddi tién bdi thudng bao hiém. . They colluded to set the building on fire to claim the insurance. CHAO HANG: offer Q Su chao hang cia ching t6i phy thudc vao hang van chua ban khi nhan duge don dat hang cia qui é6ng. Our offer is subject to the goods being unsold on receipt of your order. CHANG CO KET QUA Gi: go nowhere Q That khing khigp! T6i kh6ng thé hinh dung duge niva. Nhiing cudc nGi chuyén coa ching ta v6i cAc hiép hoi dudng nhv chang c6 két qua I's terrible! I just can't figure it out. Our talks with the unions seem to be going nowhere. CHAM NHAT: at the latest Q Ching ti xin nh&c IA ngay giao hang cham nhat 1A ngay 30 thang 3. We would remind you that the delivery must take place on March 30 at the latest. CHAM TRE: delay Q Chiing t6i ly lam tide vé sy giao hang cham tré cho qui 6ng. We very much regret the delay in the delivery (despatch) of your order, 31CHAP NHAN: accept © Chting t0i sé khong chp nhan giao hang sau ngay 30 thang 3. We shall not accept delivery after March 30. CHAT: load a O giai doan dau nguyén liéu thé dugc chat vao céng-ten-nd nay. At the first stage the raw materials are loaded into this container. CHAT LUGNG: quality Q Céng ty nay rat n6i tiéng vé san ph4m chat-lugng cao cia minh. This company is well-known for the high quality of its products. Q “Chat lugng trén bét” 1a khdu higu ciia chting ti. “Quality first” is our motto. Q Ching t6i rat tin tung vao chat lugng san pham cia ching téi. We are very confident in the quality of our products . a Theo nhimg gi 10i ndi, r rang diém yéu cia ching ta 1A 6 cht lugng. Referring back to what I said, it is clear that our weak point is quality, CHAT THAI CONG NGHIEP: industrial waste Q C4&c nha méi trugng hoc xem xét c&n than nhifng doanh nghiép nao cé lién quan dén chat thai céng nghiép. Environmentalists watch carefully what businesses do with industrial waste. CHAT VAO PA LET: palletize @~ Khi sn phém dén duge dau kia cha day chuyén san xuat, ching c6 thé duge chat vao pa lét miGt céch nhanh chong va dé dang. When the products reach the end of the assembly lines, they can be quickly and easily palletized. CHE BO BAO HO MAU DICH: protectionism Uu_Ché d6 bdo h6 mau dich 1A mét hang rao chAn d6i véi céng viéc ngoai thudng. Protectionism is a barrier to foreign trade. 32CHE BO CAP TIEN HUU BONG: pension plan a C4c khodn phy béng g6m khodn di nghi mat duge dai tho, bao hiém y té&, vA cfc khoan tién déng g6p cila cht vao mOt ch€ 46 c&p tién huu béng. Fringe benefits include paid vacation, medical insurance, and employer contributions to a pension plan, CHE TAO RA: produce a Nhifng c6ng nhan ma 1am nhifng céng viéc dun diéu va nham chén thi mang cam gidc xa la d6i vdi c4c sin phdm do he ché tao ra. Workers who perform boring and routine work experience an alienation from the products they produce. CHE TAO RA HANG HOA: make goods a Céng viéc sin xuat bao gdm viéc tap hyp cdc cong nhan, méy méc va nguyén vat liéu dé ché tao ra hang héa. Production involves bringing together workers, machinery, and raw materials to make goods. CHE TAO RA SAN PHAM MOI: create new product a TOi cé thé ché tao ra sn phém mdi hodc cai tién nhitng sin phdm dang cé. . I can create new products or improve existing ones. CHENH LECH: difference GQ Chiing t6i gi theo phiéu ng chénh Iéch cia ching t6i. We enclose our Credit Note for the difference. CHENH LECH VE LUONG BONG: differentials a Khi cdc higp h6i t@p trung vao nhitng cOng nhan duge tra lvong thap hon trong cdc cu6c thudng thuyét truéc day thi sy chénh léch vé lyong béng da bi 4n mon. As the unions have concentrated on the lower-paid workers in previous negotiations, differentials have been eroded. 33CHI NHANI: affiliate, branch GQ Céng ty cia chting 161 66 15 chi nhanh va 150.000 cong nhan. Our company has 15 affiliates anit 150,000 workers. J Céng ty chinh da m6 mdt chi nhanh & nude ngeai. The main company opened up a branch in the foreign country. 4 COng ty Honda cia Hoa KY lA mot chi nhdnh & Hoa Ky cha cong ty Nhat Ban, Honda of America is an American branch of the Japanese firm. CHI PHi CHUNG: overheads Q Nam sau hy vong chting ta sé chitng kin sy giam stit tuong doi vé chi phi chun, We hope to see a moderate fall in overheads next year. CHEPHi FOAT DONG: costs of operation 4 Nhifng cd sd ban hang ha gid thuGng tra cfc khodn chi phi hoat dong thip hon. Discount houses usually have lower costs of operation CHI PH TIKP THI: marketing cos' a Tuy nhién, chting ta phai cO ging duy tr mite chi phi ti€p thi hién nay. Howey we must try to maintain the cur ent level of marketing costs. CHI PHL Y ‘TE: medical expense 3 Mot hgp déng bao higin 6 16 s& thanh toan moi khoan chi phi y t& va thidt hai cho chiée 6 16 trong tru®ng hgp xy ra tai nan, An automobile insurance policy will pay for medical expenses and damage to the automobile in the event of an accident. CHI PHIEU: cheque (Br.E), check (Am.E) GO Chting t6i sé rit vui mitng khi s@m nhan due chi phiéu cia qui ong. We shall be pleased 1 receive your cheque at an carly date. 34CHI PHIEU DU LICH: traveller’s check 4 ‘Ti c6 thé st dung chi phiéu cA nhan, chi phiéu du lich va nhiyng loai thé tin dung khac. Tean handle personal checks, travellers’ checks and variety of credit cards. CHI TIET: detail Q ‘Ta ca chi ti€t déu duge tinh bay trong bang gid cha ching tdi. All details are shown (given) in our price list. 0 14 thircho nhiéu chi tiét vé kinh nghiém tude day cia ngudi xin vide. The leuer gives many details about the applicant's previous experience. CHI TIEU: expenditure Q Ching ta dang gap phai kho khan. ‘lat ca nhan vién sé phai cht gidm bét nhitng chi ti@u khong cdn thiét. We're going through a difficult time. All employees will have to cut down on unnecessary expenditures, Q Céng ty cdn c&t gidm nhitng chi tidu khng céin thiét. The company needs to cut down on unnecessary expenditures. CHITRA: payment Q Ching ti sé hét stfc tri dn cho viée chi tra qua chuyén thu vé. We would be grateful for payment by return. CHi DAN: instruction G Chéng t6i han hanh géi kém theo don dat hang sé ... cdng voi nhiiag chi din chi ti€t cho qui Ong ctfu xé1t tot nha. We have pleasure in enclosing our order No ... with detailed instructions for your best attention. CHi DAN GIAO HANG: delivery instruction OQ Nhing chi dan giao hang trong don dat hang cla ching ti phai duge tuan theo m6t c4ch chinh x4c. The delivery instructions given in our order must be strictly adhered to. 35cHi THI: instruction © Xin cho chiing téi chi thj tai hang cha qui 6ng. Please let us have your shipping instructions. CHi TILU BAN HANG: sales target, sales quota Q Gidém déc mai vy chju trach nhi@m vé viéc dap tng chi ti@u ban hang. The sales manager is accountable for meeting the sales targets. Q C6 thém tién thudng néu 16i vuyt chi ti@u ban hang hon 10%. There is an additional bonus if 1 exceed my sales target by more than 10%. Q Cé6ng ty Brent cé6 khuynh hung dat tham vong qué cao d6i véi chi tiéu ban hang cia ho. Brent are inclined to be over-ambitious with their sales targets. Q Ti c6 thé néi nang khéo Iéo0 véi moi ngudi va cé thé vugt hdn moi chi tiéu bén hang. T can talk skillfully with people and can surpass all sales quotas. CHIEM DUGC: gain Q Ra ddi cAch day hai nam, céng ty da chiém dude m6t thj phdn rong 16n. Launched two years ago, the company has gained a large market share. CHIEN DJCH BAN HANG: sales campaign Q N&m tdi, chting ti cé 18 sé tung ra mét chién dich ban hang & Nhft Ban. Next year we might launch a sales campaign in Japan. Q VaAo théng t6i ching ta sé bAt ddu m6t chién djch ban hang mdi. We are starting a new sales campaign next month. CHIEN DICH QUANG CAO: advertising campaign a Ong danh m6t ngan s4ch bao nhiéu cho chién dich quang c4o méi? How much have you budgeted for the new advertising campaign ? 36OQ Chién djch quang c4éo cé m6t 4nh hudng rdt quan trong 46i véi sy ban hang ctia ho. The advertising campaign had a significant effect on their sales. CHIEN LUGC: strategy Q Hg da hoach dinh m6t chién luyc dé bio vé an toan quyén Idi. They planned a strategy to safeguard the right. CHIEN LUQC TIEP TH]: marketing strategy Q Cafe vi gidm déc tip thj stt dung méy vi tinh dé phat trién cd4c chi€n luge ti€p thi. Marketing managers use computers to develop marketing strategies. Q Ching t6i da bé nhiém m6t dai ly cé sy canh tranh manh mé dé trién khai m6t chién luge tiép thj mdi. We have appointed a very aggressive agency to develop a new marketing strategy. CHIEN LUQC TOAN CAU: global strategy Q Chi&n luge toan cdu cia ho 1a hoat d6ng va sin xudt 6 nhiéu quéc gia dé ho huSng dude Igi diém tuong déi cha ting quéc gia mot. Their global strategy is to operate and produce in many,countries so that they enjoy each country’s comparative advantage. CHIET KHAU: discount Q_ T6i uGc ho cé6 mét chinh s4ch thich hdp hon vé chiét khdu. I wish they had a more consistent policy on discounts. CHINH PHU: government @ MO6ts6 chinh phi cung c4p tién bac cho céc céng ty xudt kh4u. Some governments give money to companies that export, CHINH SACH TIEN LUONG: pay policy Q Céng ty ti c6 m6t chinh séch tién lugng mdi. My company has got a new pay policy. 37CHINH XAC: precise, precisely Q Xin hay g6i nhitng dun vj do dat chinh x4c khi dat hang. Please send precise measurements when ordering. QO Cude hop kéo dai chinh xde 1 ting 45 phiit. The meeting lasted precisely | hour 45 minutes. CHIU LO LA: suffer loss 4 Sau khi phi chju 13 1a trong nhidu nam tdi, rot cube ev sé kinh doanh ay da di dén ché pha san. Afier suffering losses for years, the business finally went bankrupt. CHIU ‘THUA: give in to Q Ho chiu thua 4p Ife cha ngudi iu dang va da thidt ké Iai bao bi. They gave in to consumer pressure and redesigned the package. CHJU TRACH NHIE£M: responsible, accountable, bear the responsibility, in charge of Q Bé phan nghién citu va phat trién chju trach nh.ém vé suf phat trién san pham mdi. The R&D department is responsible for new product development. Q Gidm d6e mai vu chiu trach nhiém true gidm déc diéu hanh. The sales director is accountable to the MD. a Ong ay chiu tach nhigm vé cdc quyé dinh cia minh trong viée kinh doanh. He bears the responsibility for his business decisions. 4 T6i da 1am ké to4n truéng cho cOng ty Coca-Cola duge 4 nam, tit thang 3 nim 1995 dén thang 3 nam 1999, chju trach nhiém vé sé sach va ké todn. For four years, from March 1995 to March 1999, I worked as a chief accountant ef Coca-Cola Ine., in charge of bookkeeping and accountancy. 38CHO AI MOT CUQC PHONG VAN: grant someone an interview rat vui n&u qui éng cho 16) mot cudc phdng van. I'd be very glad if you would grant me an interview. CHO GIA: quote - QO Chiing tdi sé rat biét on n&u qui Gng cho gid f.o.b Luan Bon. We should be grateful if you would quote fo. London. CHO TAM NGHi : lay off . Q COng ty da cho tam nghi 1.000 nhan cng. The company has laid off 1,000 employees. 4 ‘Tinh than 1Am viée cha céng nhan vién xudng rat thap boi vi ching ta phai cho ngung hoat d6ng mét phan ctia nha may vA cho nain tram céng nhan tam nghi. Employee morale is very low because we must shut down part of the Jactory and lay off five hundred workers. CHO THUF: lease GQ Hy cho thué tda nha nay duge mot nam. They have leased the building for one year. CHO VAY: grant a loan OQ Ong da duge cho vay vai so tién bao nhigu? How large a loan have you been granted? CHO VAY 'TRUNG HAN: medium term loan 4 Chting ti cain hinh thite bao dim nao dé d6i vi vide cho vay (rung han. We would need some sort of security against a medium term loan, CHO VAY VUQT MUC: raise the ceiling for loans Q Ching t6i phai tudo tha nghiém ngat 1a khéng duge cho vay vuist mitie, We are under strict orders not to raise the ceiling for loans. 39CHON: select Q Xin hay chon mét mat hang thay thé thich hgp t¥ céc ki€u hang dinh kém. Please select a suitable substitute from the enclosed patterns, CHON LVA SAI LAM: make a wrong choice a Ong ta cé quyén ty do ra c4c quyé@t djnh cho minh, nhung dng ta phai chju tréch nhiém mé6t minh vé céc 18i [dm khi 6ng ta chon Iya sai. He has freedom to make his own decisions, but he bears sole responsibility for errors when he makes a wrong choice. CHO LAM CON TRONG: vacancy O Ching t6i cé mt chinh s4ch uu tién ctfu xét nhan vién cia ching 16i trudéc cho bat cif chd 1am nao con tréng. We have a policy of considering our own employees first for any vacancies. OQ Chting ti dang thir vai cudc tréc nghiém méi dé dinh kha nang cia cac ting vien.cho chd lam con trong, We are trialling some new tests to measure the aptitude of applicants for vacancies. CHU CHOT: key O Ti thiét nghi sy m4t di nhan vién chi chét d& Mm lung lay niém tin cba ho. 1 tend to think that the loss of key personnel has damaged their confidence. cHU CUA HANG: store owner u Ching 16i mu6n khuyén khich nhiing ngudi chi ctta hang bay san san phdém cia chiing téi ra dé ban. We want to encourage the store owners to have our product available for sale. 40CHU DOANH NGHIEP: entrepreneur a Nhifng céng ty I6n cdn dén nhiéu vén liéng hon 1a mét chi doanh nghiép riéng té co thé bé ra. Large companies require more capital than a single entrepreneur could supply. . CHU NHAN: owner Q Chi nhan cia mt cd sé kinh doanh phai hting chju mii ro 16n nhat. The owner of the business takes the greatest risk. CHU NG: creditor Q Caéc chi ng da cung cp cho céng ty khoan tién ng&n han. Day 1a nhifng mén tién ng hién hitu. Creditors have supplied the company with short term money. These are current liabilities, Q Ching téi hy vong cu6c thao luan vdi c4c chi ng sé c6é mot két_ qua nhu mong muén. We hope the discussion with our creditors will have a satisfactory outcome. CHU TICH: president, chairman a Ché tich céng-ty, 6ng Smith 44 vui vé sfin sang lam ngudi lAm chiing. The president of the company, Mr. Smith has kindly agreed to act as @ reference. a Ong cht théng bao ring hoat d6ng cia cAc cOng ty rift t6t. The chairman reported that the companies’ performance had been very good. CHU TRI: chair a Ong ta day than phuc céch cé ta chi tri cudc hop. He was full of admiration for the way she had chaired the meeting. CHUC MUNG: congratulate Q Ching t6i xin chéc ming anh vGi nhiém vy mdi cha minh. We'd like to congratulate you on your appointment. 41CHUNG LOAI SAN PHAM: product range Q Chang loai san phdm moi rM1 thd vi, dic biGt 1A déi v6i khach hang mién Vién Dong cilia ching ta. The new product range is very interesting. particularly to our Far Eastern customers. CHUOI CONG TY BAN LE: retail chain a K-mart va Sears 1a hai trong s6 ahifng chudi cong ty ban 1é i6n nhat rén thé gidi. K-mart and Sears are two of the world’s largest retail chains. CHUYEN CHO: freight Q Ho chuyén ché hang bing may bay. They freighted the goods by air, CHUYEN MON: expertise GQ Negudi ké todn vién nay c6 chuyén vé viéc 1én ké hoach tai chinh. This accountant has expertise in financial planning. CHUYEN VE: specialize in QQ Chiing t0i chuyén vé 46 son mai ti 30 nam nay. For the last 30 years, we have specialized in lacquer wares. 9 NGu cong nhan trong mi quéc gia chuyén 1am nhifng thi ma ho gidi nhat thi chi phi san xuat sé ha xudng. If the workers in each country specialize in what they do best, manufacturing costs will be less. CHUYEN BAY CHUYEN TIEP: connecting flight. a) Chuy6n bay chuyén tiép cita t0i mai dén 10 gid mdi ct cAnh. My connecting flight didn’t leave until 10 o'clock. : CHUYEN HANG THAY THE: replacement shipment a Chiing tdi sé géi ngay cho 6ng mot chuyén hang thay thé, We shall send you a replacement shipment right away. 42CHUYEN: transfer 4 ‘Theo dinh ky, nhitug con s@ due chuyén tir 56 nha ky sang sé Periodically, figures are transferred from the journal to the ledger. CHUYEN DICH: route 4 Bdi vi con dudng da bij hu hai do bao 16, ching chuyén dich theo mci con dudng khiic t6i phi cho xe cd Because the read was dunitged by the storm, we are routing 1% (fic into another road. CHUY. NHUQNG QUY He transfer of own : change of ownership, hip 4 Nhitng nha dai ly wrung gian lo ligu wi hitu © chuyén nhugng quyén sé Agent middlemen arrange for changes of ownership, 4 Nha dy ngussi ly tung gian stip xcp viée chuyén nhugng quyén sé hitu wy n sang ngui mua. The agent middleman arranges for transfer of ownership from seller to buye 4 Choyén nhugng quyén sé hitu c6é nghia 1A thay d6i quyén sé hitu. Transfer of ownership means change of ownership CHUYEN divert Q Nhan vién nay da bi budc tdi gian lan sau khi bj bét gap chuyén tién m§t vao (ai khodn ngan hang ctia minh. The employee was charged with fraud after it had been found that he had been diverting cash into his bank account. CHUA BAN DUGC: unsold 4 Ching t6i mudn gidm mite sdn xuat béi vi ching t6i con lugng hang tén kho I6n chua ban duge. We want to reduce production because we have large inventories of unsold products. 43CHUA DUGC THANH TOAN: without payment Qa Ching t6i van chua duge thanh toan s6 tién ng d& qué han lau réi cla chting ti va chiing t6i buéc phai yéu cdu qui 6ng géi cho ching t6i chi phigu qua chuyén thy vé. We are still without payment of our long overdue account and must request you to let us have your cheque by return of post. CHUC NANG TIEP THI: function of marketing a ‘Trong qu4.khif chtfe ning hé trong nhat cia viéc tiép thj 1A ban hang. In the past the most important function of marketing was sales. CHUC VU: position a Dé dap lai sv quang céo cia qui ng trén t8 Thdi Bao tm ngudi Jam thu ky, t6i xin duge 1am chifc vy nay. In reply to your advertisement in The Times for a secretary, I beg to apply for the position. CHUC VU CON BO TRONG: vacancy Qa Khi cdc céng nhan vé huu hoac xin nghi viéc thi phong nhan sy phai tuyén céc céng nhan méi dé trém vao céc chifc vu cdn bd trOng ay. When workers retire or quit, the personnel department must recruit new workers to fill the vacancies. CHUC VU QUAN LY: managerial position a ‘T6i da 3 chitc vy quan ly hién tai dude 6 nam. T have been in my present managerial position for 6 years. CHUNG KHOAN: securities a a 44 Cfc c6ng ty m6i gidi sin sang mua hodc ban chiing khodn. Brokerage firms stand ready to buy or sell securities. Chiing t6i sé hou nhiéu tich sn va ching khodn, We possess several assets and securities.CHUNG MINH: prove a Chiing t6i khéng s&n sang hdp tac lam &n vGi 6ng cho dén khi nao 6ng c6 thé chttng minh minh c6 quyén yéu s4ch hgp phap d6i véi phan tai sn do. Until you can prove you have a legal claim to the property, we are not prepared to do business with you. CHUNG TU: document a a Qo Ong ta nghién ctfu chiing tir trudc khi ky. He studied the document prior to signing it. Sau khi ky xong tat cA cdc chitng ti c4n thiét, ching t6i di tham ngudi khéch hang ddu tién cia ching 0i. Having signed all the necessary documents, we left to visit our first client. Trao chitng t khi nhan héi phi€u ky han 30 ngay ciia chting tdi. Documents against acceptance of our 30 days’ sight draft. CHUNG TU VAN TAL: shipping document a Nhu dugc chi din chting t6i da cho bao hiém va sé dinh kém hgp déng bao hiém vao chiing tir van tai. As instructed we have effected insurance and will attach the policy to the shipping documents. CHUONG TRINH BAO HIEM XA HOK: social insurance programme a ‘Tat ca nhiing céng nhan déu dude gia nhap chuong tinh bao hiém x hi ciia cong ty. All workers are entitled to join a company's social insurance programme.~ CHUONG TRINH DAO TAO: training programme a a Céng ty cia Sng c6 t6 chitc nhitng chung trinh dao tao kh6ng? Does your company organise training programmes? Chung trinh dao tao mdi bat dau vao ngay 1 thang 1. The new training programme starts on I January. 45CHUONG TRINH KHUYEN MAI: promotion programme 4 Nhé nhitng chong trinh khuyén mai dat higu qua, chiing t6i da ling inte ban thém duge 10% trong nam nay. Because of good promotion programme, we have increased sales 10% this year. CHUONG TRINH NGHI SU: agenda QO Anh ta n6i t6m tét vé chuong trinh nghj suf trong ngay. He spoke briefly about the agenda for the day. 4 T6i nghi 1A ching ta khéng c6 dé thdi gian cho moi van dé trong chung trinh nghi sy. don't think we've got enough time for all the points on the agenda. CHUONG TRINH TIP ‘THT: marketing programme 4 -V6i chung tinh tiSp thi mdi, Cong ty Coca-Cola hy veng sé gia tang duge thj phdn vé nude ngot ctia minh, With its new marketing programme, Coca-Cola hopes to increase its share of the saft drink market. CHUONG TRINH VI'TINH: computer programme 4 Chuong tinh vi tinh nay da duge thiét ke nh’m thyc hién vide dat vé nidy bay tude. This computer programme has been designed to process airline ticket reservations, n xudng so c6 thém ngudi mwa san phdm. Mife cau cho loai san phdm do thi co gin. When the price decreases, more people will purchase the product. The demand for the product is clastic. CO KHA NANG: capable GQ Nhitng gidm déc gidi phai c6 kha nang lnh dao cing nhu diéu hanh. Good managers should be capable uf leading as well as managing 46Q@ Chiing t6i can ngudi cé kha nang hiéu tiéng Drie. We need somebody who is capable of understanding German, CO LOI: profitable 4 Nhitng 6 chite kinh doanh Ién khong phi Itic nao cting dat duge hiéu qua va c6 18i nhu nhifng cong ty nhd hon. Large business organizations are not always as efficient and profitable as smaller companies. GQ Cong ty déng cita bdi vi ho khGng c6 108i. The company closed because they couldn't become profitable. CO MAT: available Q Vicé ay sé 6 vé Tay Ban Nha vao cudi thang, co ay sé khong dé dang c6 mat dé phéng van sau ngay do. As she is returning to Spain at the end of the month she would not easily be available for ar imerview after that date. Q T6i sé sn sang c6 mat dé phong van vao bat crt hic nao. J will be available for an interview at any time. CO OC DOI MGI: innovative 4 MOt cong ty 66 6c déi mdi IA Mot cng ty lign titp cung tng cdc loai hang héa va dich vu mdi mé. An innovative company is one which continues 10 provide new goods and services. CO QUYEN: be entitled 3 Ong ta c6 quyén gif lai moi khoan Igi nhudn cba cd sé kinh doanh. He is entitled 10 keep all the profits of the business. CO SAN: available 4 Céng vide quang cao cé Igi cho nhimng sAn phdm nao c6 sn dé bin & nbidu noi, Advertising is useful for products which are available in many places. GU Land Rovers khong c6 sin vi vay ching ta dat nua Suzuki. 47Land Rovers weren’t available so we ordered Suzukis instead. CO THAM QUYEN: authorised Q = H6a don khéng dugc thanh to4n duéi bat cif trudng hdp nao ngoai trif do nhan vién co thém quyén. Under no circumstances may invoices be paid except by authorised personnel, CO THE CANH TRANH: compctitive a Néu diéu ki¢n cha qui 6ng cé thé canh tranh, ching t6i c6 thé dat hang déu dan. If your terms are competitive, we may place regular orders. a Chiing tdi c6 thé dam bao véi qui 6ng ring gid c& cha ching t6i vé moi mat cé thé canh tranh dude. We can assure you that our prices are in every respect competitive. CO THE CHUYEN DOI CHO NHAU: interchangeable @ Nhifng b6 phan dong nhat c6 thé chuyén déi cho nhau dugc. Banh xe d mdt chi€c xe dic biét sé vita van véi tt cA nhtmng chiée xe khdc cé citing mét kiéu, va m6t b6 phan co thé thay thé cho mét bd phan khac. Uniform parts are interchangeable. The wheel from a particular car will fit all the others of the same model, and one part can be substituted for another. a Ma&c da nhitng san phdm nay dugc ché tao béi nhitng céng ty khdéc nhau, ching van c6 thé chuyén déi cho nhau dude. Although these products are manufactured by different companies, they are interchangeable. UNhiing v6 xe c6 dp gai, bo déng tam v4i tryc bénh xe va nhifng vd xe 6 lp gai, bd dan chéo kh6ng thé chuyén déi cho nhau dude. Radial tires and bias ply tires are not interchangeable. CO THE THAY DOK: variable a Hay nhé ring lai sudt c6 thé thay déi, vi vay chiing ta cé thé gap rdc ri. 48Remember the interest rate is variable, so we could have problems. C6 THE THUONG LUQNG: negotiable a Chuyén long béng thi cé thé thudng lugng, vay ban nghi toi nén doi bao nhiéu? The salary is negotiable so how much do you think I should ask for? C6 TINH PHi CHUYEN CH6: carriage-forward 4 Théng thu@ng chiing t6i giao hang cé tinh phi chuyén ché. We normally despatch goods carriage-forward. CO ¥ KIEN VE: express an opinion on Q Ching t6i khong muén co y kién vé van dé d6. We would rather not express an opinion on that matter. CON NQ: debtor Q Métcon ng cé thé ding déng do la dé thanh todn bat ky mén ng nao, vA céc chi ng phai chap nhan déng dé la lam phudng tién thanh toan. A debtor can use dollars to pay any debts, and creditors must accept them for payment. CON SO: figures Q Ong ta doc lai nhiing con sé cho cé ta nghe dé cé ta cé thé bao dam ring 6ng ta c6 sé lugng hoan toan chinh xdc. He read the figures back to her so that she could be sure that he had the quantities exactly right. CON SO HANG BAN RA : sales figure u_-Viée gidm bét s& hang ban da dugc ba d&p lai bing viéc ting gia cho méi mén hang. Do dé, con s6 hang ban ra da khong thay déi. The decrease in the number of units sold has been offset by an increase in the price of each unit. Therefore, the sales figure has not changed. 49CON SO TRONG SO NHA'TT KY: journal figure 4 ‘Theo dinh ky, nhifng nhan vién hu git sd sich k& todn cap nhat nhitng con sO trong sé nhat ky vao trong sé ghi tat ca cic khoan muc tai chinh cia céng ty. Periodically, bookkeepers post journal figures in the book containing all the accounts af the company. CO CAU: framework OQ Moi doanh nghié phap cia dat nude. Every business must operate within the legal framework of the d phai how fu hep dong trong pham vi os country. CO CAU QUAN LY: management st Q Céng ty c6 mét co c&u quan ly ddn g The company has a simple management structure. CO CHE QUAN LIiU HANH CHINH: bureaucracy 4 Co ché quan liéu hanh chinh da lam cho ban gidm dée khong thé tiGn hanh gidi quyét cae van dé mot céch nhanh chong. Hel jan. The large bureaucracy prevenis management from taking quick action to solve problems. CO HOI: chance, opportunity Q C6 cd hi nado gap 6ng ta dé ban vé chuyén nay vao hic nao h6m nay khong? Is there any chance of seeing him about this some time today? u Néu mot cong ty ki€m sodt duge myi kh4u trong c6ng viée san xuat, phan ph6i va buGn ban thi cong ty dé c6 mot cod hGi khi€n Igi nhudn ling lén Wi da. Uf one company controls all aspects of production, distribution, and sale, it has an opportunity to maximize profits. a T6i hy vong ring minh sé cé co hdi 4p dung nhiing gi dugc dao tao vao lam viée cho cong ty qui 6ng. 50CO SO BAN HANG HA a T hope that I will have the chance to put my training to work for your company. A: discount house ‘Trong mét co sé ban hang ha gid, hang hoa co thé duge ban voi gid ré hon bd: vi khong c6 nhiéu nhan vién ban hang phuc vy, va cdc khoan chi phi diéu hanh ctfa hang cing th&p hon. In a discount house merchandise can be sold for a lower price because there are not a lot of salemen, and the costs of operating the store are lower. Nhiing co sd ban hang ha gid chi trit hang ma ho 6 thé ban duge nhanh chéng ma thdi. Discount houses carry only merchandise which they can sell quickly. co s6 DU LIU: database a Chie nang chinh x4c cia co sd dif liGu mdi la gi? What is the precise function of the new database? CO SG DEU DAN: regular basis 4 Nhitng mon dé nao dé c6 gid tri déi voi céng ty duge mua va ban diya trén mot cv sé déu dan; nhitng mén khde duge cong ty hu giif lau dai. Certain items of value to the company are bought and sold on a regular basis; other items are held by the company for a long time. CO SG KINH DOANH: business a Neghiép cha duy nhat c6 thé gid’ lai moi khodn Igi nhudin phat sinh ti co sé kinh doanh cia ong. The sole proprietor may keep all the profits derived from his business. CAc eo sé kinh doanh cung ting ca hang héa In dich vy. Businesses provide both goods and services. 51CO S6 SAN XUAT: manufacturing base Q Mét céng ty in n6i ti€ng, hién viing manh 6 Vuong Quée Anh va Vién Déng, muén thanh lap mét cd sd sin xudt 6 Chau Au. A well-known print company, now well-established in the UK and in the Far East, wishes to set upa manufacturing base in Europe. CO SG TOAN CAU: global basis Q Cdc céng ty thugng mai quéc té can c6 kha nang canh tranh trén m6t cd sé toan cau hdn Ia trén cd sd dja phuong. International trade companies need to be able to compete on a global basis rather than a regional basis. COS6 TROI NOI VE TY GIA: floating rate basis 4 Cac loai én té hién dang dugc trao déi trén m6t co sé tréi néi vé ty gid. Currencies are now being exchanged on a floating rate basis. Q Céc loai tién t¢ duge mua va bén trén mot co sé trdi ndi vé ty gid. Currencies are bought and sold on a floating rate basis. CO XUGNG SAN XUAT: factory 1 Céng viéc phan phéi c6 nghia 1a chuyén céc loai san phdm ty co xudng san xudt dén cifa hang noi ma khéch hang mua ching. Distribution means getting the products from the factory to the store where customers buy them, CGI MG; openly Q Ban nén khuyén khich nhan vién néi nang céi md vé bat cif van dé gi. You should encourage employees to speak openly about any problems. CON KHUNG HOANG: crisis Q Khéng c6é mt ving nao trén lanh thd Vuong Quéc Anh thodt khdi con khing hoang. There is nowhere in the UK that has escaped the crisis. 52CO DINE: inclastic ag Khi gia cd tang én, ching t6i muén mtfc bén dugc git nguyén khéng d6i, ching t6i muén mite cu duge 6 dinh. When prices increase, we want sales to remain constant; we want demand to be inelastic. CO VAN: consultant a Ngudi cd vain ma 1am ban bfo céo nay da ri t6 chifc. The consultant who did this report has left the organisation. CO VAN TAI CHINH: financial adviser a C6 van tai chinh ciia ba ta bj thuyét phuc ring dé 4n dé sé 1A mét si thanh cong. Her financial adviser is convinced the project will be a success. 6 PONG: shareholder, stockholder a a Céc c6 d6éng nhé dude quyén biéu quyét 6 cuéc hop. Ordinury shareholders are entitled to vote at the meeting. Toi hy vong céc cé dong sé chap nhan loi dé nghj mdi. I hope the shareholders will accept the new offer. LA mét don vj bist lap, cng ty co thé sé hifu taé sn riéng ngoai cdc cd ding riéng 1é. As a separate entity, a corporation can own property apart from the individual stockholders. Nhiing c6 d6ng tra cc khoan thué Idi tite c4 nhan dya trén mite ai cé phan ctia minh. The stockholders pay personal income taxes on their profits from stock, C6 HU: obsolete a Xe hai d& khién cho cho ngya va xe kéo tré thanh cé ha. The automobile made the horse and buggy obsolete. 53co PHA? =] share, stock 60 phin tram c6 phan cia cong ty chting t6i 1a do cde nha dau tw mide ngoai lim cha. 60'% of our shares are owned by foreign investors, Chiing 11 can sy gitp do vé 1ai chinh dé ching 101 cé thé mua them cé phan. We'll need some financial assistance to enable us to buy more stock. Cong ty da phat hanh them cé phén dé tim ngudn tai chinh cho viée khuch trusng. The corporation issued mare stock to finance the expansion. CO PHAN CHUA DUOC THANH TOAN: outstanding. share, outs 4 nding share of stock, outstanding stock C6 the mot céng ty I6n hén c6 nhiéu tién mat sé ngs ¥ mudn mua nhding ¢6 phan chva due thanh todn, Mavbe a larger company with a lot of cash will offe to purchase the outstanding shares. NGu gia tri thi truéng thap hon nhiéu so vii gia tr] ke ton thi mot cng ty In bon cS thé quydt dinh ngo ¥ mua tat cd cae cd phan chufa duge thanh todn cia mot céng ty khde va iép quan no. Uf the market value is much lower than the book value, a larger company may decide 10 offer to purchase all the outstanding shares of stock ef a company and take it over. Nu mot cong ty lén hén mua 51% c6 phan chua thanh toén cha mOtc6ng ty nho hdn thi nd sé tip quan cong ty nhd hon do, Ifa larger company purchases fifty-one per cent of the outstanding stock of a smaller company, it will take over that company. C6 PHAN KHONG TINH LAI: equity a frit cae khodn ng ra khéi cde khodn tich san thi thay duge khodn c@ phan khdng tinh lai cla cong ty. Subtracting the debts from the assers reveals the equity of the company,C6 PHAN KHONG TINH LAI CUA CHU NHAN: owners’ equity 4 Bang can d6i cho thay ring ‘Tich sin = Ng = C6 phan khong tinh cla chi: nhan. Cac muc téng céng dutge ghi déi xting nhau. he balance sheet shows that the Assets = Liabilities = Owners’ Equity, The totals are in balance. CO PHIfU: share Q Cée nha dau wnhé duge khuyén nén gif lai cé phidu cha ho. Small investors were advised to hold on to their shares Q Tima cé phidu qua sy gidi thigu cha nhan v todn ctla téi. I bought the shares on my accountant's recommendation. CONG NGHE THONG TIN: information technology oO bé phuc vy cho sy quan tam cang lic cang nhiéu dén céng nghé thong tin, chting toi da phai bé sung thém 3 khéa hoc nifa vao nam nay. To cater to the growing interest in information technology, we have had 10 ade three extra courses this year. CONG NGHE TIEN TIEN: high-tech a ‘Trong thé gidi cng nghé tién tiGn cia chting ta, cdc cOng ty phai dé phong gin diép cong nghiép. In our high-tech world, companies must be on their guard against industrial espionage CONG NGHIEP HOA: industrialized a 6 dat nue céng nghiép héa, 6 nhiém 1a m1 vn nan Idn. In some of the more industrialized countries pollution is 7 big problem. 4 Cée nha lanh dao thudc céc nue cong nghi¢p héa da hop tai Canada. The leaders of the industrialized countries met in Canada. CONG NGUIEP NANG: heavy industry Q C6 nhiéu nganh céng nghiép nang trong khu vyc nay. 55There's a lot of heavy industry in the area. CONG NHAN VIEN: employee a u Céng nhan vién 1a ngudi 1am viéc cho mot cOng ty va lanh tién céng cho c6ng viée minh da lam. An employee is a person who works for a company and receives payment for his work. Cong ty General Motors c6 vai ngan céng nhan vién. General Motors Corporation has several thousand employees. CONG SUAT: capacity a Q VA cuéi cling ching tdi c6 dutgc may HP203 mA céng suat cha no Ién hon méy HP202. And finally we have the HP203, whose capacity is much higher than HP202. May nay cé céng suat 100 dun vj 1 tiéng. This machine has a capacity of 100 units an hour. CONG SUC LAO DONG Vf THE XAC: physical labor u Nghé néng ludn ludn ddi héi phai bd cng site lao dong mét nhgc vé thé xdc. Farming has always involved hard physical labor. CONG TEN NO: container Q@ Khi cdc sin phdm dugc xép vao trong nhitng céng ten no én, ching ta bao ring san phdm da duge nhap vao céng ten nd. When products are packed in large containers, we say they are containerized. CONG THUC: formula Q Céng thitc dn djnh mifc khdu hao 1a mét phan cia lat thug, The formula for determing depreciation is part of the tax law. CONG TY: company, firm, employer ua 56 COng ty nay tim céc nhan vién & bén ngoai cong ty. This company looks for workers from outside the company.Q Cry ty 1A mét nhém ngudi mua, b4n hodc cung cp dich vy nao dé. Acompany is a group of people who buy, sell or provide a service. Q Ngudi viét thu khéng s&n sang cho biét mifc long hién tai va cing khéng néi lam viéc cho céng ty nao. The writer is not prepared to state her present salary, nor to say which firm she works for. a Boeing 1a mét trong nhitng c6ng ty 16n nhat tai Seattle. Boeing is one of the largest employer in Seattle. Q Bat ky ngu8i nao lam viéc cho mét c6ng ty ciing 14 m6t thanh vién cla céng ty dé. Anyone who works for a company is part of the personnel of that company. CONG TY BAT DONG SAN: real estate agent OQ Céng ty bat déng san da dinh gi4 trj cha c&n nha truéc khi ban. The real estate agent evaluated the house's value before putting it on the market. CONG TY BAO HIM: insurance company 0 C&c céng ty bao hiém c6 thé dude xem 1a céc nha liéu mang chuyén nghiép. Insurance companies can be considered professional risk takers. CONG TY CHINH: main company a Tréc khi ban c6é thé diéu hanh m61 co sd tryc thudéc céng ty Macdonalds thi ban phai dugc sy cho phép cia cOng ty chinh. Before you can operate a Macdonalds’s, you must get pemission from the main company. CONG TY CON: subsidiary Q Céng ty ne & Nhat Ban thanh Jap cOng ty con nay dé san xudt xe gan may & Hoa Ky. The parent company in Japan set up this subsidiary to produce motorcycles in the United States. 57CONG 'TY CUNG CANH TRANH: rival company Q Mét céng ty cing canh tranh da gianh duc hgp déng. A rival company won the contract. CONG TY DA QUOC GIA: multi-national company Q IBM 1a not trong nhifng céng ty da quéc gia I6n nhat én the ngay nay. IBM is one of the biggest multi-national companies in the world today, 4 Céng ty Unilever 1a m6t cong ty da quéc gia quan trong sAn xuat va ban san phém tai nhiéu nude. Unilever is an important multi-national corporation which produces and sells products in many countries. CONG TY DUGC QUOC HUU HOA: nationalized company 4 Céng ty Thép Anh qué 1A mot cong ty duge quéc hitu ha béi vi n6 duge chinh phi Anh quéc lam chi. British Steel is a nationalized company because it is owned by the British government. CONG TY KINH DOANH HANG HOA: merchandising enterprise 4 ctta hang téng hdp va si@u thj IA nhitng vi du vé céc cong ty kinh doanh hang héa, Department stores and supermarkets are examples of merchandising enterprises. CONG TY LEP VON: affiliated company GQ Céng ty lép vén 1a cong ty do mot cong ty khdc sé hitu mot phan hode toan bo. An affiliated company is a company partly or wholly owned by another company. CONG TY ME: parent company Q Cong ty me dat cd sé & brussels, vi céc chi nhénh 3 Prankfurt va Milan. 58The parent company is based in Brussels, with subsidiaries in Frankfurt and Milan. 4 Cong ty General Motors 1a céng ty me ctia céc phan, xubng ché ta0 khung xe Fisher. General Motors Corporation is the parent company of Fisher Body Works. . 4 COng ty Dién thoai va Dién béo Quéc t& (LT.T.) 1A mot cong ty me lam cht nhiéu céng ty nhé & Hoa Ky va & nude ngoai. International Telephone and Telegraph (1.T.1.) is a parent company which owns many smaller companies in the United States and abroad. 4 Céng ty me thudng gitip dB cac hang duge c&p phép nhugng quyén thyc hign céc dgt khuyén mai cia ho. The parent company will help the franchise stores promote their sales, CONG TY QUANG CAO: advertising agency Q Ong da chon céng ty quang cfo nado chufa? Have you chosen an advertising agency yer? CONG 'T'Y TNHH: corporation 4 ‘Trong trudng hop kinh doanh that bai thi tréch nhiém cia mot cong ty TNHIH vé cc khoan ng due gidi han. In the case of business failure, the responsibility of the corporation for its debts is limited. CONG TY VAN TAI: trucking company 4 Mét xe tai chay bang dng cs diézen 1a mét mén tich s4n d6i vVdi mt cng ty van tai. A diesel truck is an asset to a trucking company. CONG VIEC: task 4 T6i r&t tin wing 1A c6 thé 1am tron hing cong viéc ma qui Sng giao pho. L have confidence of being able to fulfil all the tasks assigned to me. 59CONG VIEC LAM BANG CHAN TAY: hand work a Nhifng c6ng nhan due hudn luyén so sai cé kha nang san xudt céc loai hang héa doi hdi nhiéu cong vic 1am bing chan tay. Workers with very little training are able 10 produce goods which require a lot of hand work. CONG VIEC GIAO DICH: transaction Q Nhifng khodn mue la nhitng myc ghi lai nhifng loai céng viéc giao dich cé cing hinh thifc. Accounts are records of similar types of transactions. Q@ Nhifng céng viée giao dich bu6n ban duge ghi vao khodn muc buén ban. Sales transactions are recorded in the sales account, CONG VIEC LAM AN: business Q CA4m dn chiia, cong viéc Km 4n dudng nhu dang phat én. Thank goodness business seems to be picking up. CONG VIEC LAM TAM: temporary employment Qa Ti dang tim m6t cng viéc lam tam trong thdi gian nghi hé nay. I'm looking for a temporary employment during the summer holiday. CONG VIEC LAT VAT: odd job 4 T6i vita mdi nghe tY dng Jones, m6t trong nhitng ngusi chao hang cha qui 6ng, ring qui Ong mudn thué mét ngudi dé phy gitp viec giao hang va 1am nhitng c6ng viée lat vat 6 cita hang sau gid hoc, t6i muGn xin dugc Iam cong viéc nay. J have just heard from Mr. Jones, one of your salesmen, that you want to employ a boy to help with deliveries and to do odd jobs about the store after school hours, I would like to apply for this job. CONG VIEC VAN PHONG: office work 4 Ti c6 nhiéu kinh nghiém vé céng viée van phdng. J have a lot of experience in office work. 60CONG DONG: community @ Nhimng tiét muc quang cdo trén bdo chi c6 gid trj theo thd gian, va c6 thé dugc phan phéi trong nhifng cOng déng riéng biét. Newspapers advertisements have time value, and they can be delivered in specific communities. CONG SU: colleague OD Hai cong sy c6 quan hé t6t dén ndi ho chua bao gid bat déng vdi nhau vé diéu gi. The two colleagues had such a good rapport that they never disagreed on anything. CONG TAC: collaboration OQ bé An nay 1a su cOng tac giifa 2 cong ty. The project was a collaboration between two firms. CONG VGI: plus Q Ho dé nghi tra cé ta 15.000 dé cong vdi nhifng chi tiéu. They offered her $ 15,000 plus expenses. COr YEU: essential OQ Cé ay 1a thanh vién c6t yéu cla t6 nay, Chting ta kh6ng thé lam ma khéng cé c6 dy. She's an essential member of this team. We can’t do without her. c©U @A DUGC XAI ROD: used @ Ngudi thiéu ni da dude ngudi chao hang thuyét phuc mua m6t chiéc xe ci (da duge xai rdi). The young woman was persuaded by the salesman to buy a used car. CUNG CAP: supply, provide Q Ching ta khéng cAn thio luan vé nhimg c4i may ma Ong khong thé cung cfp cho ching ti trong vong hai tudn. We don’t need to discuss those machines that you can’t supply within two weeks. 61oO Xin géi nhitng mat hang ma qui 6ng cé thé cung cap trong vong mot thang. Please offer goods which you can supply for within one month. 4 Di nhién, tdi sé rat han hanh duye cung cp cho qui 6ng thém tin ute chi Gét n&u qui éng yéu 1 will, of course, be happy to supply any detailed supplementary information you may require. Q Ching t6i rat han hanh duge cung c&p cho 6ng céc tai liéu ién quan dén nhifng hoat dong cia ching tdi tai Thuy Si. We would be happy to provide you with references of our activities in Switzerland. ‘a COng ty nay cung cap cng viée 1Am cho mudi ngan cong nhAn. This company provides work for ten thousand employees. u. CUNG VA CAU: supply and demand a Hoat dong khuyén mai 1a nh’m 1am thay déi méi tudng quan giita cung va cau dé lam tang thém s6 cfu va mic ban. Promotion atempts to shift the relationship between supply and demand to increase demand and sales. CUQC BAN DAU GIA; auction GQ Chiing t6i da tra mét gid cudi cing 1A 15.000 46 dé mua chiée ban cé & cudc ban dau gid. We made a last bid of $15,000 for the antique table at the auction. CUOC DIEN DAM: telephone call Q Ching ti xin bao da nhan dude cudc dign dam cilia qui dng ngay 30 thang 3. We acknowlege your telephone call of March 30. CUOC GIAO DICH: transaction Q Neu&i git sé sch ké& todn hu git hd so céc cuée giao dich tai chinh. The bookkeeper keeps a record of every financial transaction. 62CUOC HOP: meeting Q_ T6i khéng biét tai sao George khong dé&n hop. 1 don’t know why George didn’t turn up at the meeting. CUOC NGHIEN CUU: survey Q Ching ti da thc hi¢n m6t cuéc nghién cttu vé thudc t4y sinh hoc. We carried out a survey on biological detergents. CUOC NOI CHUYEN: talk Q T6i rat thich cugc chuyén cia cé ta. N6 c6 rat nhiéu théng tin. J enjoyed her talk, It was very informative. CUQC THUONG LUQNG: negotiation Q Cuéi cing, ho quyét dinh khéng tiép tuc véi cdc cudc thudng ludng nifa. At the last moment they decided not to continue with the negotiations. CUOC THUONG THUYET: negotiation Q Sy that bai trong c4c cugc thuong thuyét da 1am nguy hai dén ban hgp dng. The breakdown in negotiations jeopardized the contract. CUOC TRUNG BAY SAN PHAM: trade show Q T6i bi&t céch khuyén mai sin phém cia cong ty & cAc cudc trung bay san phdm va 3 c&c hi nghij. I can promote the company’s products at trade shows and conferences. CUQC VAN DONG KHUYEN MALI: sales promotion campaign UW Ching t6i cé mO1 cudc van dong khuyén mai dat hi@u qua. Mite ban da tang [én difge 10% so véi nam ngodi. We have had an effective sales promotion campaign. Sales have increased 10% over last year. 63CUON NIEN GIAM DIEN THOAL: telephone directory Oo T6i fim thiy cOng ty nhd nhin cuGn nign gidm didn thoai dia phueng. 7 found the company by looking in the local telephone directory. CUA HANG BACH HGA: department store Oo C6 1a tay ding co nghiép uy md1 ctta tidém nhd dén mot chudi cdc cita hang bach héa. She built her business up from one small shop to a chain of departnent stores. CUA HANG BAN LE: retail store 4 San phim eo thé duge nhin thay 6 mdt cita hang ban ic. At the retail store the product can be seen. J Cée ctfa hang bén 1d thudng bé tién ra mua nhidu chd trOng tron bao dé quang cdo. Retail stores usually purchase a lot of advertising space in newspapers. CUA HANG BAN LE CO NHAN VIEN PHUC VU: full service retail store J ‘Trong mt cita hang ban 1é 6 nhan vidn phyc vy, vide ban tryc tifp cho khach hang cé thé tao Anh hung dén mite ban. Ina full service retail store, personal selling can affect sales. CUA HANG CON OQ Chi riéng nhan vi ly. Only employees can buy produce from the company shop. CUA HANG LIEN HOP: chain stores QO Phan Wn cée cita hang liGn hgp déu thude quyén sé hitu ctia mbt cong ty Idn duge ménh danh li cong ty me. Most chain stores are owned by a large corporation known as a Parent COMpAAY':, TY: company shop mdi cé thé mua sin phém cita cita bang cong 64CUA HANG TONG HOP BAN Lit: retail department store 4 Nhitng nha budn si y phuc ban hang tram chiée 40 so-mi va 40 kiéu nif cho cdc cita hang tng hgp ban Ié. Clothing wholesalers sell hundreds of shirts and blouses io retail department stores, CUA HANG TY PHUC VU: self-service store u Cée sidu thj 1a nhifng vi dy vé nhitng cita hang ty phyc vu. Supermarkets are examples of self-service stores. CUA HANG TRUONG: store manager 4 Cita hang truOng thudng trung bay nhtng mat hang tign dyng, A store manager usually displays convenience items. cUA HIfU bUQC CAP GIKY PHP CHUYf!N NHUQNG Quy N: franchise store 3 MOt cita higu due c&p gidy phép chuyén nhugng quyén cd thé thudc quyén sé hitu cha mot gidm d6c co sé kinh doanh nhé ma duge mot cong ty 16n hon cp giay phép hoat dong. A franchise store may be owned by a small business manager who has permission to operate from a larger company. ta HI{U THUC PHAM: grocery store ‘Tat cA nhitng sin phém & mot ctta higu thy phdm mang mot so chi tén mén hang va kich cd cita nd, All products at the grocery store bear a number which indicates the diem and its size. CONG RAN: rigid O Ong chit cig rn cila anh ta sé khong nghe y kién cia anh ta, His rigid boss wouldn't listen to his ideas. CUU XET: attention Q Bat cit don dat hang nao cha qui dng géi d&n cing sé due chting 16% cefu xét cAn than va nhanh chéng. Any order which you may place with us will have our prompt and careful atiention. 65D DAN DEN: lead to QO Sy tang lai sudt méi day da dain dén sy phé sn cia nhiéu cOng ty nhé. The recent rise in interest rates has led to the bankruptcy of many small companies. DAU THO: crude oil G Déu thé 1a nguyén Héu ma ty 46 xang duge lam ra. Crude oil is the raw material from which gasoline made. DAY CHUYEN LAP RAP (SAN XUAT): assembly line GQ Ching t6i dang IMp dat mot day chuyén Mp rap mdi. We are installing a new assembly line. a biéu théa man nao trong cong viée ma bat ci ai cing cé khi lam trong mot day chuyén l4p rap? What job satisfaction can anybody get from working on an assembly line? 4 Céng viée & day chuyén IAp rap c6 thé rai 1a don dig@u va nham chén vi m6t cng vide ctf duge 1am di 1am lai hoai. Assembly line work can be very routine and boring since the same job is done over and over. a Henry Ford 14 m6t trong nhifng nguéi dau tién sit dung day chuyén sAn xudt cho céng viée sn xuat xe hoi. Henry Ford was one of the first to use the assembly line for the production of automobiles. 4 Khi nhing chiée xe hoi chuyén dich trén day chuyén san xudt, nhitng cAnh cifa, dOng co, va kinh ch&n gis dugc lp dat tai cdc diém trén qui trinh. 66As the cars move along the assembly line, doors, engines, and windshields are installed at stations along the way. Henry Ford da sit dung day chuyén san xuat dé mang viéc lam dén cho c6ng nhan. Henry Ford used the assembly line to bring the work to the worker. DICH VU: service a Kinh doanh Ia hoat d6ng san xuft, phan phéi hang héa va dich vu. Business is the activity of producing and distributing goods and services, Quang cdo 1A mét kiéu thong béo cho qudn chting, mé ta vé céc Igi diém trong viéc sit dung mt san phdm hay mot dich vu. Advertising is a kind of public announcement which describes the benefits of using a product or service. DO DU: reluctant 0 [ign gid dng ay dang do dy dau tu thém tién. He's reluctant to invest any more money at the moment. DOANH NGHIEP CO MOT NGIIiP CHU DUY NHAT: sole proprietorship 4 M6t doanh nghiép c6 mé6t nghiép chi duy nhat 1a mot co sé kinh doanh dugc m6t c4 nhan lam chi va diéu hanh. A sole proprietorship is a business owned and operated by one person. Doanh nghiép cé mét nghiép chi duy nhat 1A doanh nghiép dé thanh lap nhat va cing dé dong cita nhat A sole proprietorship is the easiest to initiate and the easiest to terminate. Nha hang nay duge diéu hanh nhu mot doanh nghiép cé mot nghiép cha duy nhat. N6 dutgc mt c4 nhan IAm chit This restaurant is operated as a sole proprietorship. It is owned by one individual. 67DOANH NGHIEP HOP DOANIL: co-partnership, partnership 4 piéu khodn cia doanh nghiép hgp doanh cing cAn néu lén cach thite ban cd sé kinh doanh. The articles of co-parmership should also provide a method of selling the business. 4 Doanh nghiép hgp doanh kh6ng c6 mbt sé diém bat Igi ma doanh nghigp cé mOt nghiép chi duy nhat mac phai, nhutag n6 c6 chung mot sé diém tueng déng. A parinership does not have some of the disadvantages of a sole proprictorship, but it shares some similarities. 4 Cée vi cha nhan céa mdt doanh nghiép hgp doanh cing chi chung quyén diéu hanh va c&c khoan Idi nhuan cia viéc kinh doanh. The owners of a partnership share in the operation and profits of the busines DOANH turnover Q Céng ty vdi doanh sé 45 tr 6 nang Ic ngoai hang 1am ‘Trung phoOng Thu mua. This £45m 1mover company is seeking to appoint a person of exceptional calibre as Head of Purchasing. 4 Doanh sé da ting Ién 10% trong nam nay. Turnover has increased by 10 per cent this year. 1 bang nay cAn bé nhiém mét ngudi DOANH SO BAN: sales QO Nhw téi da noi trong phan dau cia budi thuyét tinh, doanh sé ban dat duge rat wt. Tuy nhién, tinh hinh khong giGng nhu nam ngodi. As I said at the beginning of my presentation, sales have been very good, However, the situation has not been like last year. DO HANG: unloading 4 Vide sit dung cdc pa I6t hang khién cho viéc chat hang 1én va do hang xudng xe tai thém dé dang. The use of pallets cases the loading and unloading of truc! 68DU KHACH NUGC NGOAI: foreign traveller 3 Cc du khéch nude ngoai st phéi wa mot khodn thué quan trén mét sO m6n hang duge mua sim 6 nuée ngoai. Foreign travellers will have to pay a duty on some items purchased abroad. DUYET: approve Q Negwdi ki€n tréc su phai mat mot thdi gian dai dgi dé an ca minh duge duyGt dob} may quan liéu hanh chinh, Wt 100k a long time for the architect to have his plans approved duc to bureaucracy. DUNG CU: tool in duy nhat cé thé quyét dinh viéc cé nén mua sém nhiing va thiét bj mdi hay khong. The individual owner can decide whether or not to purchase new tools and equipment, DU AN DAU TU: investment plan Q Sé ligu ban hang ching ta da xem xét réi. Vi thé, ching ta hay di d&n phan dy an dau tu. The sales figures we have already considered. So let's move on to investment plans. DU AN MO RONG: expansion project 4 VAi céng ty phat hanh trai phi€u dé tim nguén von cho cdc du an iné rong. Some companies DU DOAN: forecast Q Ching t6i dang c6é m6t nam day thudn Igi vA doanh 96 ban 6 thé vudt qué dy dodn ban dau 15%. We ure having a good year and sales may exceed our forecast by 15 issue bonds to finance expansion projects. per cent. DU HOI NGHI: attend a conference Q Toi d&n day dé dy hdi nghi. Lm here to attend a conference. 69DU TINH: expect, expectation Q Ngu¢e lai véi dy tinh, bi€u dé doanh sé ban hang ciia chiing ta da di xudng vao thang réi. Contrary to expectations, our sales figures went down last month. ‘Vhat kh6éng may, nhifng chi tiéu vao dé an nhiéu hon dy tinh qua nhiéu, Unfortunately, expenditures on the project were much more than expected. DU TOAN DOANH SO BAN RA: sales forecast Q Ban dy todn doanh s6 ban ra cho thay ring doanh thu ca ching ta sé Wing 25% vao nam ti. The sales forecast shows that we expect a 25 per cent increase in turnover for next year. DUA TREN: base on 4 Céng vide tiép thj hién dai dya tron ¥ wng 1A hang héa khéng thé san xuat ra dé thu duge gi nhufin tri phi cé khéch hang mua no. Modern marketing is based on the idea that goods cannot be produced for profit unless someone will buy them. DUGC: pharmaceutical Q Truéc khi hgp tac vdi chiing t6i, 6ng ta lam gidém déc mai vu cho mt cbng ty dugc. Before joining us he worked as a sales manager for a pharmaceutical company. DUGI MUC GIA TR] KE TOAN: below book value a Cé phan nay dang dugc ban & du6i mite gid tri ke todn. This stock is trading at well below book value. DUGI QUYEN: under Q Gidm déc mai vy duéi quyén cia gidm déc diéu hanh. The sales director is under the MD. 70D DA DANG: great variety Q Céng ty cha ching t6i san xuat da dang céc loai dé choi. Our company produces a great variety of toys DA NHAN DUGC: in receipt of Q Ching t6i da nhan duge quyén catalé va bang gid cia ong. We are in receipt of your catalogue and price list. BA XONG: complete Q@ Hang dat hién gid da xong vA chiing t6i sé rt han hanh dugc nhan chi thj tai hang cla qui éng. Your order is now complete and we shall be pleased (glad) to receive your shipping instructions. . DAI CHUNG: general public, mass audience 4 ‘Thy pham thi duge ban cho dai ching, trong khi cdc loai nguyén vat ligu thi thudng chi duge ban cho cdc co sé kinh doanh cé thé ding ching dé sAn xuat ra m6t m6n hang gi d6. Food products are sold to the general public, while raw materials are usually sold only to business who can produce something with them, 4 Vige quang cao 14 mt céch gidi thigu chung chung vé hang héa, dich vu hoae ¥ tusng nhim vao dai ching. Advertising is a nonpersonal presentation of goods, services, or ideas aimed at a mass audience. DAI DIEN BAN HANG: sales rep, sales representative Q MOt ngudi dai dign ban hang gidi cé thé dem vé hon 1.000 dé mot tudn. A good sales rep can take home over $1,000 a week. 717Q Ching 16i dang tim dai dién ban hang c6 kinh nghigém ban san pham ky thuat, c6 khé ning giao tiép 6 moi ting Kip va c6é hé sé mai vu duge ching minh. We are looking for a sales representative with experience in selling technical products, able to communicate at all levels and with a proven sales record. 4 TOi ri vui duge bidt qui cong ty dang tuyén dung mét ngudi dai dién ban hang. J was interested to learn that your company is now recruiting a sales representative. PAL DIEN CHO: stand in for Q T6i da: dién cho Claire trong khi anh ay di du hOi nghj 3 xa. I stood in for Claire while he was away at the conference. DAI DA SO KHAN, THINH GIA: mass audience 4 Nha quang céo muG6n c6 mét lugng ngudi tdi da xem hoac doc thdng tin céa minh. Ong ta nhim vao dai da s6 khén, thinh gia. The advertiser wants a maximum number of people to see or read his message. He aims at a mass audience. DAILY THICH HOP: suitable agent Q Ching t6i dang fim mét dai ly thich hgp dai di@n cho ching t6i. We are finding a suitable agent to represent us. DALLY TRUNG GIAN: agent middleman 4 Bai ly trung gian dan xGp dé ngudi mua va ngudi ban quan hé bu6n ban vdi nhau. An agent middleman arranges for buyers and sellers to get together and conduct business. 4 Bai ly trung gian nhan duge m6t khoén nguéi mua va ngudi bén quan hé vdi nhau. An agent middleman receives a fee for bringing buyer and seller together. phi qua viéc gidp cho 72DALSIEU THE: hypermarket GQ Pai siéu thi, hay siGu thi that Idn, thudng & ngoai thi tran. Hypermarkets, or very large supermarkets, are usually outside towns. DAI TU: overhaul QO Ho dai tu bo may vind da bj hu. They overhauled the machinery as it was broken down. DAM PHAN: negotiation Q Sau nhitng Jn dam phan dai, ho di quyét dinh déng ctta nha may. After long negotiations they have decided to close Jown the plant. DAM BAO: assure, insure, secure Q Ching t6i cé thé dam bao véi qui éng ring gid cA cha ching tdi duge tinh todn ky luGng nhat. We can assure you that our prices are most carefully calculated. 4 Trong nhiéu quéc gia cdc chinh phi bd 13 cho céc néng dan dé dam bao dai sé long thyc duge san xuat. In many countries the government subsidize the farmers in-order to insure that enough food is produced. 4 Cac céng ty c6 thé dam bao nguén von cho minh bang céch phat hanh trai phiéu. Corporations can secure capital by issuing bonds. DANG XAY DUNG: under construction O Toda nha nay van cdn dang xAy dung. The building is still under construction. DANG: worth Q > Trong thye t€ 1.000 d6 ma 6ng da dau tu sé dang gid 5.000 dé vao ngay hém nay. In real terms, the $1,000 you invested would be worth $5,000 today. Q hye sy c6é dang titu mét sé tién nhu thé vao du 4n nay hay khong? Js it really worth spending so much money on this project? 73DANG Kf: considerable OQ Chiing t6i da kiém duge Idi nhuan dang ké khi ban manh dat 46, We have made a considerable profit on the sale of that land. DANG KHICH LE: encouraging Q Nhv téi da néi trudéc, két qua thu dude trong nim nay rat dang khich Ié. As I said before, this year's results are very encouraging. DANG TIN CAY: reliable’ GQ Né@u mOt nhan vién khOng d4ng tin cAy thi anh ta khéng cé ich Igi gicho c6ng ty. If an employee isn’t reliable, he’s of no use to a company. DANH DIEN: cable a Nhutduge yéu cau, ching toi d4nh dién cho qui Ong hOm nay nhu sau. As requested we have cabled you today as follows. DANH GIA: appraise, evaluate GQ Ching tdi danh gia nhan vién cia ching toi m6t nim mét lan. We appraise our employces once a year. 2 Chiing téi danh gid céc phi tén. We evaluated the costs. 2 Sau khi dénh gié chvong trinh hudn luyén, ching tdi da c6 vai thay d6i. After evaluating our training programme, we made some changes. 4 Nhifng ngudéi ndp don xin viée sé duge dénh gid c&n ctf theo kinh nghiém va ky nang cia ho. People who apply for the job will be evaluated regarding their experience and skills. DANH GIA CAO: appreciate . Q Ching t6i sé dénh gid cao suf quan tam chu déo cia qui Ong dén nhitng chi din cia chung t6i. We shall appreciate your careful attention to our instructions. 74DANH THUE: tax

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