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College Reading III

Chapter IV

Written by: Emujin L.

Nandin-
Erdene O.
Bilguun B.
Tseren B.
Sarnai B.

Checked by: Gan-Enkh O. /……….../

2021 Fall
“OBESITY AND BEING OVERWEIGHT”
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, with more than one billion adults
overweight, and is a major contributor to the global burden of chronic disease and
disability. In most developed countries or developing countries including China, United
States, United Kingdom, Eastern European cities, obesity rates have risen three-fold or
more compared to the statics before 1980. The most common causes of obesity are an
increased amount of more energy-dense, eating poor nutrient food, addiction to products
that contain high levels of sugar and saturated fats. Moreover, it can lead to diabetes and
certain forms of cancer.
-Why is this happening?
This rising epidemic reflects the sudden changes in people's lifestyles, tastes, and needs.
For instance, as revenue rose and the population becomes more urban, diets high in
complex carbohydrates give way to more varied diets with a higher proportion of fats,
saturated fats, and sugars. Besides, because of the technology's rapid growth majority of
people move toward less physical activities.
-How do we define obesity and being overweight?
 The prevalence of being overweight and obesity is assessed by using body mass index
(BMI, defined as the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters. A
BMI over 25kg/m2 is defined as overweight, and a BMI of over 30kg/m2 as obese. These
markers provide common benchmarks for assessment, but the risks of disease in all
populations can increase progressively from lower BMI levels.
-The extent of the problem:
Childhood obesity is already epidemic in some areas and on the rise in others. According
to the U.S. Surgeon General, in the USA number of overweight children has doubled since
1980. The problem is global and increasingly extends into the developing world, for
example, in Thailand the prevalence of obesity in 5 to 12-year-old children rose from 12.2%
to 15.6% in just two years.
-How does excess body fat impact health?
Being overweight and obese leads to adverse metabolic effects on blood pressure,
cholesterol, triglycerides, and insulin resistance. The non-fatal, but debilitating health
problems associated with obesity include respiratory difficulties. Confined to older adults
for most of the 20th century this disease affects obese children even before puberty.
Although obesity should be considered a disease, it is also one of the key risk factors for
other chronic diseases together with smoking, high blood pressure, and high blood
cholesterol.
-What can we do about it?
Effective weight management for individuals and groups at risk of developing obesity
involves a range of long-term strategies. These include prevention, weight maintenance,
management of co-morbidities, and weight loss. Necessary advice is creating a supportive
population, promoting healthy behaviors, and mounting a clinical response to the existing
burden of obesity.

EXERCISE10:
1. Obesity is a complex condition, with serious social and psychological
(dimensions).
2. Increased consumption of (energy-dense), nutrient (food) with high levels of
(sugar) and saturated (fats), has led to obesity rates that have risen threefold
since 1980.
3. Economic growth, modernization, urbanization, and globalization of food
markets are just some of the forces though to underlie the epidermic.
Economic growth, modernization, urbanization, and globalization of (food
markets) are just some of the forces though to underlie (the epidemic).
4. Moves forward less physical activity are also found in the increasing use of
automated (transport), (technology) in the home, and more passive (leisure)
pursuits.
5. The distribution of (BMI) is shifting upward in many options.
6. An estimated 17,6 million children under five are estimated to be overweight
worldwide.
7. An estimated 17,6 million (children) under five are estimated to be overweight
worldwide. Approximately 80% of (people) with (diabetes) are type 2.
8. Effective (weight management) for individuals and groups a risk of developing
obesity involves a range of long-term (strategies).

NEWS REPORT 1: MORE MONEY, MORE OBESITY IN CHILDREN

According to statistics from the US National Center for Health, almost 15
percent of teens are overweight. Likewise, children and youths from wealthy
families are often overweight, which is due to less physical activity, a sedentary
lifestyle, and a high-fat diet. Overweight children are more prone to hypertension,
diabetes, coronary artery disease, total morbidity, and mortality. Obesity leads to
hypertension, cardiovascular disease, gallstones, osteoarthritis, and diabetes.
These children will become adults and contribute to the growing prevalence of
non-communicable diseases. Once a child is obese, it remains the same as an
adult. Wealthy children eat fast food more often and are less active, such as
watching TV, playing computer games, and exercising less. As you get richer, you
tend to eat more high-fat foods. Over the past 20 years, the prevalence of obesity
among children and adolescents in the United States has doubled, according to
the study. The main problem is that children do not know their nutritional needs,
and educational programs for adolescents should be introduced in schools.

EXERCISE17:
1.
According to statistics from the US National Center for Health, almost 15 percent of teens are
overweight. Likewise, children and youths from wealthy families are often overweight, which is
due to less physical activity, a sedentary lifestyle, and a high-fat diet. Overweight children are
more prone to hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease, total morbidity, and mortality.
Obesity leads to hypertension, cardiovascular disease, gallstones, osteoarthritis, and diabetes.
These children will become adults and contribute to the growing prevalence of non-
communicable diseases. Once a child is obese, it remains the same as an adult. Wealthy
children eat fast food more often and are less active, such as watching TV, playing computer
games, and exercising less. As you get richer, you tend to eat more high-fat foods. Over the past
20 years, the prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents in the United States has
doubled, according to the study. The main problem is that children do not know their
nutritional needs, and educational programs for adolescents should be introduced in schools.