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PHYSICS for IGCSE

For examination in June 2014


Co-ordinated Sciences

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UNIT 2 : Motion
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UNIT 3 : Forces and their Effects
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BCD7$%7
words: Force and shape, Force and turning effect, Force and acceleration, Newton’s
laws, Mass and Weight, Pressure
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Key words: Work, Forms of energy, Conservation, Energy resources
Textbook: Chapter 4
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Key words: Electric fields, Conductors & insulators, Charge & current, Potential
-5.- difference,
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UNIT 11 : Radioactivity %&''($)$*+
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