Design of Digital Telephone System oriented for

Training
Bin Zhang DanHong Zhang Pan Yu Huajun Zhang
School of automation School of automation China Nuclear Control School of automation
Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan University of Technology System Engineering Co. Ltd Wuhan University of Technology
Wuhan, China Wuhan, China Wuhan, China Wuhan, China
shenlan922416@163.com zhangdh@whut.edu.cn panyu @ cncs.bj.cn zhanghj@whut.edu.cn

Abstract— In the enterprise training, a digital telephone

system with special functions is needed and there are no such
products on the market. In this paper, a digital telephone system
for training is designed based on CAN (Controller Area Network)
bus and Ethernet. The SPC (Stored Program Controlled)
telephone exchange is designed with distributed multi processors
which communicate by CAN. In the system, the SPC telephone
exchange sends call information to the upper computer for voice
broadcast through the Ethernet and the upper computer sends
control information to the SPC telephone exchange through the
same line. The structure and working principle of the digital
telephone system for training are elaborated and the design idea
of the system hardware circuit is introduced briefly. The design
idea of the system software is introduced in detail and the flow
charts of some programs are showed. Practice shows that the
digital telephone system oriented to training can work reliably.
II. SYSTEM FUNCTION AND INTEGRAL STRUCTURE DESIGN
A. System function
The digital telephone system Oriented for training supports
a total of 60 telephones, one of which is used in the coaches
station (hereinafter referred to as the host), the remaining 59
(hereinafter referred to as the slave) distributed in the student
station. The coach telephone possesses 30 function numbers
which are alias of the host and the slaves may call the host by
function phone numbers corresponding to different apartments.
The coach station is equipped with monitoring software which
is used to update telephone numbers and voice broadcast
information of call received by the host. Telephone numbers of
different length is supported in the system..

Keywords—SPC Telephone Exchange, MT8980D, training, B. Integral Structure Design

voice broadcast
I. INTRODUCTION
Since the early 70s when digital SPC telephone exchange
are introduced, program-controlled switching technology has
developed rapidly. Compared to the traditional analog switches,
Digital SPC telephone exchange have the advantage of small
The principle of digital telephone system oriented for
training is shown in Figure 1. According to the actual
functional requirements, training-oriented digital telephone
system consists of two parts: SPC telephone exchange and
upper computer.
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size, good maintainability and more functions[1]. In recent years, 3&0FORFN

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with the advancement of China's power grid, the rapid 6WXGHQW 2YHUYRO 6LJQDOWRQH
expansion of the size of naval vessels and the vigorous SKRQH WDJH
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development of nuclear power, the demand for digital LRQ 'LJLWDO
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telephone systems with special functions is getting stronger. FLUFXLW
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Most of the SPC Telephone Exchanges currently on the

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market only have Basic dialing call function and can’t meet the
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needs of all users. For example, in power sector, factories and 1XPEHU
mines, telephone system with special functions is commonly UHFHSWLRQ
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used for personnel scheduling and student training but these 8VHUXQLW
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functions can’t be achieved on a lot of ordinary SPC telephone SURFHVVRU &$1%86
exchange. If there is a set of digital telephone systems for
training which can simulate the actual operating environment.
It will greatly improve the status quo in the enterprise as an 9RLFHEURDGFDVW
important platform for operator training, learning and &RDFK
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assessment. In this paper, a digital telephone system for
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training is designed for the current situation and the system can &RDFKFRQWUROVWDWLRQ

be used in industries such electric power and ship for

communication between coachers and students. Fig.1. Block diagram of digital telephone system

This research was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (#2016CFB502 and #2015CFB586) and the Fundamental Research Funds
for the Central Universities (#163111005).
.

978-1-5386-3524-7/17/$31.00 ©2017 IEEE 1945

 The SPC telephone exchange consists of eight user boards DTA(Data Acknowledgement) equals 1 indicates the last data
and one switchboard. Each user board supports five telephones has been processed by MT8980D and MT8980D is prepared
to connect to the SPC telephone exchange and may distribute for receiving new data[7].
in different rooms.
Distributed multiprocessor control is adopted to control the 'a' 3$a3$
SPC telephone exchange and each unit module has a high-
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performance processor[2]. The user unit processor in the system
completes the real-time processing of the interface circuit, and 07'
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the exchange control processor of central unit module realizes &6 &6
the coordination and dispatch management between the central
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control unit and the user unit. The user unit and the central
control unit communicate by CAN bus[3]. '6 3(

The working principle of the communication between the

units in the system is as follows: the controller of the
subscriber unit performs the scanning detection on the state of
each User loop of the unit, and sends the obtained data to the
central control unit by CAN bus; When the central control unit
receives the data uploaded by other units, it processes the data
according to the control procedure preset by the system
software and sends corresponding control commands to the
subscriber unit which control the user loop in real time
according to the commands[4].
In the host computer monitoring part, the host computer
receives information from the SPC telephone exchange through
the Ethernet, display the information and broadcast it with the
host computer software. At the same time, the call history is
recorded for the query. In addition, the host computer can also
set the telephone number through the Ethernet.
III. SYSTEM HARDWARE DESIGN
A. Design of exchange control center
The switchboard is the control center of the system. As the
central processing unit of the machine, it is mainly used to
complete the main processing and control functions, voice non-
blocking digital exchange, processor communication interface
and other functions in the system[5]; The function modules of
switchboard consist of processor module, switching network,
CAN bus interface, signal tone module and PCM(Pulse Code
Modulation) reference clock module[6].
The exchange control processor is high performance
MCU(Microcontroller Unit) STM32F407IGT6. As the system
requires a highly accurate clock signal timing, PCM reference
clock module is designed with CPLD(Complex Programmable
Logic Device), which provides the system with a more
accurate clock signal. Digital switching network is designed
with MT8980D, a PCM time-division multiplexed time
converter produced by Mitel corporation, to achieve voice
switching function.
The interface between MT8980D and exchange control
processor is shown in figure 2. D0 to D7 of MT8980D are data
lines through which the exchange control processor read data
from MT8980D memory or write commands into its
registers.A0 to A5 of MT8980D are address lines. If A5 equals
0, the control register is selected and all operations are for the
control register. If A5 equals 1, the time slot number is selected
by A4 ~ A0 to ensure the control of each time slot. that
Fig.2. MT8980D interface schematic
B. User interface and CAN bus network design
The function of User interface board is relatively simple,
and it can be divided into five parts: the processor
part(STM32F103RCT6 microcontroller), CAN bus interface,
the user circuit, DTMF(Dual Tone Multi Frequency) number
receiver and PCM timing circuit part from the function of the
circuit. The user unit completes the tasks such as "feed",
"overvoltage protection", "ringing control", "status detection",
"codec", "test control" and other functions of the user interface
circuit of digital switch.
The central control unit and each subscriber unit in the
system are all nodes of the CAN network. The communication
function of each node is implemented by the processor, CAN
controller and CAN transceiver. CAN bus network shown in
Figure 3.
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Fig.3. CAN network block diagram
IV. SYSTEM SOFTWARE DESIGN
The system software consists of SPC Telephone Exchange
software and Monitoring software.
A. Stored Program Controlled Telephone Exchange Software
Design
SPC Telephone Exchange software is mainly composed of
call processing program, CAN interrupt program and network
interface communication program.
The call processing program is divided into two levels of
the cycle level and the base level. The periodic program is a
monitor program and a program that must be executed at
regular intervals. In order to ensure the accuracy of their
execution cycle, the SPC Telephone Exchange arrange a fixed

1946
clock interrupt to schedule the relevant procedures to do. The users in turn. The program first determine whether the user is
commonality of the basic program is that it requires less real- on the hook moment, if the user just hang up, status of each
time requirements, can be interrupted by an emergency or state of the user is cleared; Otherwise, if the user is in the off-
critical task. The execution time of basic program which is hook state, then go to the off-hook processing procedures for
mostly composed of programs that are executed only when off-hook analysis. When the call number is identified as a
they need to be executed is not strict. The periodic program function number, the number receiving program automatically
periodically scans the subscriber line status and generates change the call number to the host number and wait for the
various events for the basic program to receive and process. connection with the host[8].
The basic program receives event reports from the periodic
level, processes them accordingly, and issues various control EHJLQ
commands.
The overall block diagram of the call processing program is \HV +DQJXS
shown in Figure 4. LQVWDQWO\"
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Fig.4. Call processing block diagram

In the call processing program, there are six kinds of user

status, respectively, is “idle”, “waiting for the number”,
“receiving number”, “listen to busy tone”, “ring” and
“connected”. Any input signal in each state can cause a state
transition.
The periodic procedure is shown in Figure 5. When the
200ms timer interrupt occurs, the interrupt program scans the
status of each user in turn, make an analysis combined with the
last user status and send the user off-hook or on-hook events to
the message queue of basic program, waiting for the basic
program to process.
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Fig.6. Basic program flow chart
The task of the CAN interrupt routine is to receive data
frames from the CAN bus and parse them. The data frame is
divided into three types: data request frame, data response
frame and command frame. After the different data frames are
analyzed, they are put into the corresponding message queue
waiting for processing. CAN interrupt program flow chart
shown in Figure 7.

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Fig.7. CAN interrupt program flow chart

Fig.5. Periodic program flow chart
Each queue corresponds to a management structure which
The basic program flow chart is shown in Figure 6. contains information such as queue length, record size, an array
Procedures do the basic level of analysis and processing for 40 for implementing ring buffers, pointer to the first data record to

1947
process, pointer to the first empty record, and relative statistic. The voice broadcast module is designed using the
The system periodically processes the data in each buffer Microsoft Speech SDK. The module receives the voice
queue. broadcast data frame from the SPC Telephone Exchange and
use TTS engine to voice broadcast it[11]. The flow chart of
The network port communication program which is voice broadcast module is shown in Figure 9.
designed based on the μIP protocol stack belongs to the
application layer procedure[9]. It runs as the client on the
switchboard. uIP is very effective in embedded systems for it
requires very small amounts of code and memory. It has been EHJLQ
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ported to several platforms including ARM(Acorn RISC EURDGFDVW
Machine) platforms. As an interface, the entry function of &UHDWHWFS
network port communication program is defined as macro FRQQHFWLRQ
UIP_APPCALL() provided to the μIP protocol stack to call[10]. QR &ORVH
The network port communication program flow chart is shown FRQQHFWLRQ˛
in figure 8. 5HFHLYHYRLFH
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6HQGGDWDWR The format of voice broadcast data frame received from the
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length is fixed to 17 bytes.
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8SGDWH7HOHSKRQH TABLE II. BROADCAST DATE FRAME FORMAT
QXPEHU2U6\VWHP
VHWWLQJV header command data checksum Frame tail

0x0A 1 byte 13 bytes 1 byte 0x0D

Fig.8. Network port communication program flow chart

Each frame starts with hexadecimal 0x0a and ends in
This program has two tasks: one is to receive number hexadecimal 0x0d. There are three commands: “calling”(0x01),
update data and system settings data from the host computer; “connected”(0x02) and “disconnected”(0x04). The data
Second, to send the voice broadcast information to the host segment occupies 13 bytes so that it is large enough to store the
computer. longest number sequence and the free bytes, if any, is filled
with zero. The checksum is equal to the sum of all the byte
B. Monitoring software design data in the command area and the data area.
Monitoring software is mainly composed of network port The operation interface is shown in figure 10.
number update module and the voice broadcast module. It runs
as a server process on the upper computer.
The network port number update module implements the
telephone number setting function. When the new numbers are
set in the operation interface, they are assembled into a number
of data frames. These frames are sent to the SPC telephone
exchange through Ethernet and the SPC telephone exchange
updates the number buffer in the SRAM and writes the data
into EEPROM in case of power down. The number data frame
format is shown as TABLE I.

TABLE I. NUMBER DATE FRAME FORMAT

header Telephone_id number checksum Frame tail

0x0A 1 byte 13 bytes 1 byte 0x0D

The telephone id segment indicates which phone the new
number corresponds to. Fig.10. operation interface of voice broadcast module

1948
 Speed and volume adjustment is supported and history call
records can be queried easily.
V. CONCLUSION
The digital telephone system designed in this paper is
mainly oriented to training and scheduling. In this paper, the
demand for digital telephone system is analyzed, the basic
functions of the system are determined, and the overall scheme
of the system is designed. Then, the hardware implementation
scheme of distributed digital telephone system based on CAN
bus is described, and the working principle of each hardware
module is described. Finally, the system software is designed
in detail, and the algorithm flow chart of each software module
is presented, and the design idea is explained. After more than
two years of operation, the system is stable and reliable.
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