Tyron Vitangcol July 7, 2011

2-F Mrs. Christie

PHILIPPINE LITERATURE

I. Pre-Spanish Period
- Shows our customs and traditions in everyday life as trace in our folk stories, old
plays and short stories
A. Legends
1. The Legend of Mount Kanlaon
- This legend is about a hero named Khan Laon a brave warrior who killed
the dragon in a volcano. The volcano is called Kanlaon for the remembrance
of the brave warrior.
2. The Legend of the Makahiya
- This legend is about a girl named Maria. She was very shy. Then one day
when bandits arrived, the father hid Maria in their flower garden. Then Maria
waited for a long time. The makahiya represents her shyness.
B. Folk Tales
1. The Moon
Moon and the Sun
-this is about the sun and the moon being married. After a long time, they
were separated. The sun would always try to catch the moon. That¶s when it
was called day and night.
2. The Creation Story
-it¶s about the different things in life are married and accidentally making other 
things by their mistakes.
C. Epics
1. Biag ni Lam-ang
-this epic is about a warrior named Lam-ang who fights their Igorot enemies.
 After his war against the Igorots, he was pronounced a hero in Nalbuan
3. Maragtas
-this epics about maragtas being a hero for his village. He help against the
enemies of his village and in everyday life in the village.

II. Spanish Period (1565-1898)

- Filipinos embraced the Catholic religion, changed their names and were
baptized. Literature started to flourish at this time.
A. The First Books
1. Doctrina Christiana
-first book printed in the Philippines on 1593. It was written by Fr. Juan de
Palencia and Fr. Domingo Nieva in Tagalog and Spanish. Contained Pater 
Noster(Our Father), Ave Maria(Hail Mary), Regina Coeli(Hail Holy Queen),
etc.
2. Nuestra Senora del Rosario
-second book printed in the Philippines. It was written by Fr. Blancas de San
Jose in 1602 and printed at UST printing press with help of Juan de Vera.
B. Literary Compositions
1. Arte y Reglas de la la Lengua Tagala
Tagala
-written by Fr. Blancas de San Jose and translated to Tagalog by Tomas
Pinpin in 1610
2. Compendio de la Lengua Tagala
-written by Fr. Gaspar de San Agustin in 1703
 C. Recreational Plays
1. Tibag
-was brought here by the Spaniard to remind the people about the search of 
St. Helen for the Cross on which Jesus died on.
2. Cenaculo
-is a dramatic performance to commemorate the passion and death of Jesus
Christ. Two kinds: Cantada and Hablada.

III. The Period of Enlightment (1872-1898)

A. Books
1. Noli Me Tangere
-the novel that gave spirit to the propaganda movement and paved the way to
revolution against the Spaniards
2. Mi Ultimo Adios
- a poem by Rizal before he was to be executed(My Last Farewell)
B. Essays
1. Sobre La Indolencia De Los Filipinos
- an essay on the so-called Filipino indolence and evaluation
2. Filipinas Dentro De Cien Anos
- an essay predicting the increasing influence of the U.S. to the Philippines
and the decreasing influence of Europe
B. Poems
1. A La Juventud Filipina
-a poem of Rizal dedicated to the Filipino youth studying in UST
2. Me Piden Versos and A Las Flores De Hiedelberg
-two poems made by Rizal manifesting his unusual depth of emotion

IV. The American Regime (1898-1941)