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SENTENCE CORRECTION EXERCISE 2
(Start timing yourself when you start)
1. Delighted with the productivity increase for
the last quarter of the fiscal year, the staff were
given a raise by the President of the company.
(A) the staff were given a raise by the President
of the company.
(B) a raise was given to the staff by the President
of the company.
(C) it was the decision of the President of the
company to give a raise to the staff.
(D) the President of the company gave a raise to
the staff.
(E) the staff was given a raise by the President of
the Company.
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
2. Displays of aurora borealis, or “northern
lights,” can heat the atmosphere over the arctic
enough so as to affect the trajectories of
ballistic missiles, induce electric currents that
can cause blackouts in some areas and corrosion
in east-west pipelines.
(A) so as to affect the trajectories of ballistic
missiles, induce
(B) so that trajectories of ballistic missiles are
affected, inducing
(C) to affect the trajectories of ballistic missiles
and to induce
(D) to affect the trajectories of ballistic missiles,
induce
(E) such that the trajectories of ballistic missiles
are affected so badly that they induce
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
3. A study commissioned by the Department of
East-Coast Fisheries showed that if Seals
exercise and associated with other seals, they
will require less medication and gain weight
quicker than do those raised in captivity.
(A) associated with other seals, they will require
less medication and gain weight quicker than do
(B) associate with other seals, then they required
less medication and gained weight more quickly
than
(C) associate with other seals, they require less
medication and gain weight more quickly than
do
(D) associated with other seals, they required
less medication and gained weight more quickly
than
(E) associated with other seals, they require less
medication and gain weight more quickly than
do
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
4. The grubby crab of the Gulf of St.Lawrence
has not been fished commercially in great
numbers, primarily on account of them living at
great depths - some 3,000 feet down.
(A) on account of them living
(B) because they live
(C) because of their living
(D) because it lives
(E) on account of their living
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
1
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5. A recent study has found that within the past
few years, many surgeons had elected early
7. According to a recent poll, owning and living
retirement instead of facing the threats of
in a detached house on its own land is still the
lawsuits and the rising costs of malpractice
dream of a majority of generation x-ERs, like
insurance.
that of the baby-boomers.
(A) had elected early retirement instead of facing
(A) like that of the baby-boomers.
(B) have elected early retirement instead of (B) much like the baby-boomers
facing (C) as it was of the baby-boomers
(D) like the baby-boomers
(C) have elected to early retirement to avoid
(E) as it was with the baby-boomers
facing
(D) have elected to retire early rather than face Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
(E) had elected to retire early rather than face This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
_______________________________________
This sentence as given has the following _______________________________________
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.) _______________________________________
_______________________________________
8. In 1990, only a third of the women granted
_______________________________________
child support by a court received the amount
_______________________________________
awarded; at least as many as a million or so
6. In astronomy, the term “red shift” denotes the others had not any support agreements
extent to which light from a distant galaxy has whatsoever.
been shifted toward the red end of the light (A) at least as many as a million or so others had
spectrum by the rapid motion of galaxy away
not any
from the Earth.
(B) at least as many as or greater than a million
(A) to which light from a distant galaxy has been
others had no
shifted
(C) more than at least a million others had not
(B) to which the light from a distant galaxy has
received any
shifted
(D) more than a million others had no
(C) to which the light from a distant galaxy had
shifted (E) at least a million others had not any
(D) of the light shifting from the distant galaxy Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
(E) of the shift of light from a distant galaxy This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( ) _______________________________________
This sentence as given has the following _______________________________________
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.) _______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________

2
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9. As the baby emerges from the darkness of
the womb with a rudimentary sense of vision,
it would be rated about 20/500, or legally
blind if it were an adult with such vision.
(A) As the baby emerges from the darkness of
the womb with a rudimentary sense of vision, it
would be rated about 20/500, or legally blind if it
were an adult with such vision.
(B) As the baby emerges from the darkness of
the womb, it has a rudimentary sense of vision
rated at about 20/500, or legally blind if it were
an adult.
(C) As the baby emerges from the darkness of
the womb with a rudimentary sense of vision
rated about 20/500, it would be considered blind
legally if it were an adult.
(D) As the baby emerges from the darkness of
the womb, it has a rudimentary sense of vision
that would be rated about 20/500; an adult with
such vision would be deemed legally blind.
(E) A baby emerging from the darkness of the
womb has a rudimentary sense of vision which
is legally considered blind for an adult because it
is rated only about 20/500.
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
10. The Gorton-Dodd bill requires that a bank
disclose to their customers how long they will
delay access to funds from deposited checks.
(A) that a bank disclose to their customers how
long they will delay access to funds from
deposited checks.
(B) that a bank should disclose to its customers
how long it will delay access to funds from
deposited checks.
(C) a bank to disclose to its customers how long
it will delay access to funds from checks
deposited
(D) that a bank disclose to its customers how
long it will delay access to funds from deposited
checks.
(E) that banks disclose to their customers how
long they will delay funds’ access from
deposited checks.
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
11. Seismologists believe that the warning signs
for a major earthquake may include sudden
fluctuations in local seismic activity, tilting and
other deformations of the Earth’s crust,
changing the measured strain across a fault
zone, and varying the electrical properties of
underground rocks.
(A) changing the measured strain across a fault
zone, and varying
(B) changes in the measured strain across a fault
zone with variations in
(C) changes in the measured strain across a fault
zone, and variations in
(D) changing of the measured strain across a
fault zone and varying of
(E) changing strain measured across a fault zone,
and varying
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
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12. Some analysts argue that true capitalism
obtains only when the ownership of both
property and the means of production are
regarded as an inalienable right of an
individual’s, and not a license granted by the
government and revocable at whim.
(A) are regarded as an inalienable right of an
individual’s, and not
(B) are regarded as an inalienable right of an
individual’s, not as
(C) is regarded as an inalienable right of an
individual rather than
(D) is regarded as an individual’s inalienable
right, not as
(E) is regarded an individual’s inalienable right,
and not as
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
13. A huge flying reptile that died out with the
dinosaurs some 75 million years ago, the
Surreptitiococcus had a wingspan of 44 feet,
believed to be the largest flying creature the
world has ever seen.
(A) believed to be
(B) which is believed to be
(C) that is believed to be
(D) and it is believed to have been
(E) and it was believed to be
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
14. Nowhere in Calcutta is the influence of
Victorian era architecture more apparent than
their government buildings.
(A) more apparent than their
(B) more apparent than in their
(C) more apparent than in its
(D) more apparent than
(E) more apparent than from its
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
15. It was the loss of revenues from declines in
tourism that led the United Arab Emirates
authorities’ granting a concession for oil
exploration to the company that would later
be known by the name of Emiroil.
(A) authorities’ granting a concession for oil
exploration to the company that would later be
known by the name of
(B) authorities to granting a concession for oil
exploration to the company later to be known as
(C) authorities to grant a concession for oil
exploration to the company later to be called
(D) authorities to grant a concession for oil
exploration to the company later to be known as
(E) authorities to grant a concession for oil
exploration to the company that will later be
known as
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
16. Found guilty of Christine Jessop’s murder,
Guy Paul Morin was incarcerated for twelve
years before there was exoneration and
achieving his freedom.
(A) before there was exoneration and achieving
his freedom.
(B) before achieving exoneration and his
freedom
(C) before being exonerated and freed
(D) before he was exonerated and freed
(E) before his achieving exoneration and
freedom
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
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17. By studying the primitive visual systems of
single-cell aquatic organisms, scientists have
discovered a striking similarity of algae to
cows, a similarity that indicates the common
evolutionary origin of plants and animals: both
algae and cows produce a light-sensitive protein
called Rhodopsin.
(A) scientists have discovered a striking
similarity of algae to cows,
(B) scientists have discovered a striking
similarity between algae and cows
(C) scientists have discovered a similarity
striking algae and cows
(D) scientists have discovered between algae
and cows
(E) scientists have discovered a striking
similarity of algae with cows,
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
18. Because young children do not organize
their perceptions systematically, as adults, they
may notice and remember details that their elders
ignore.
(A) as adults
(b) like adults do
(C) as adults do
(D) in contrast with adults
(E) which is what adults do
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
19. As many as 300 of the over 700 paintings
attributable to Rembrandt may actually be the
works of his students or other admirers.
(A) 700 paintings attributable to Rembrandt may
(B) 700 paintings attributed to Rembrandt may
(C) 700 paintings that were attributed to
Rembrandt may
(D) 700 paintings of Rembrandt’s might
(E) 700 paintings of Rembrandt may
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
20. The lawyer for the defense charged that he
suspected the police of having illegally taped his
confidential conversations with his client and
then used the information obtained to find
evidence supporting their charges
(A) used the information obtained to find
evidence supporting
(B) having used the information obtained to find
evidence supporting
(C) of using the information they had obtained to
find evidence supporting
(D) of using the information such as they had
obtained to find supporting evidence of
(E) of using the information obtained in finding
evidence to support
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
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21. Federal incentives now encourage capital
investment in commercial office buildings
even though vacancy rates in existing
structures are exceptionally high and there is
no demand for new construction.
(A) capital investment in commercial office
buildings even though vacancy rates in existing
structures are exceptionally high and there is
(B) investing capital in commercial office
buildings although vacancy rates in existing
structures are exceptionally high with
(C) investment of capital in commercial office
buildings despite having exceptionally high
vacancy rates in existing structures and
(D) capital to be invested in commercial office
buildings with exceptionally high vacancy rates
and having
(E) capital investment in commercial office
buildings despite exceptionally high vacancy
rates in existing structures and having
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
22. Most nations regard their airspace to extend
upward as high as an aircraft can fly; no
specific altitude, however, has been officially
recognized as a boundary.
(A) to extend upward as high as an aircraft can
fly;
(B) extending upward as high as an aircraft can
fly;
(C) as extending upward as high as an aircraft
can fly;
(D) to be extending upward as high as an aircraft
can fly;
(E) as extending upward enough so an aircraft
can fly;
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
23. With only half the human intelligence,
Chimpanzees can be remarkably perceptive.
(A) With
(B) Although it has
(C) Even though with
(D) Although they have
(E) Despite having
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
24. Depending on the weather forecast, we
will decide to go to Washington D.C.
(A) Depending on the weather forecast, we will
decide to go to Washington D.C.
(B) Weather forecast depending, we will decide
to go to Washington D.C.
(C) Our decision to go to Washington D.C. will
be depending on the weather forecast.
(D) Our decision to go to Washington D.C. will
be based on the weather forecast.
(E) We will decide to go to Washington D.C.
depending on the weather forecast.
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
25. Downsizing, zoning that typically results in
the reduction of housing density, allows for more
open space in areas where little water or
services exist.
(A) little water or services exist
(B) there is little water and fewer services.
(C) there are few services and little available water.
(D) there are few services and water availability.
(E) little waters and services exist.
Your Choice: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
This sentence as given has the following
problems: (e.g.: misplaced modifier, etc.)
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
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3. The only way for growers to salvage frozen
citrus is to process them quickly into juice
concentrate before they rot when warmer
Directions: The underlined part of the sentence needs to weather returns.
be corrected. Choose the best answer which is at once
correct and effective. Keep in mind all the elements of (A) to process them quickly into juice
grammar and sentence construction we have covered in our concentrate before they rot when warmer
module III study materials. A “Correct” Sentence must be weather returns.
clear, concise, correct and effective.
(B) to process them quickly into juice
concentrate before warmer weather returns to rot
1. The McLaren study indicates that even after a
them.
decade or two, young women and men
experience some of the effects of emotional and (C) to quickly process them into juice
physical abuse occurring when a child. concentrate before the returning of warmer
weather to rot them.
(A) occurring when a child
(B) that occurred when they were children (D) to have it quickly processed into juice
(C) occurring as children concentrate before warmer weather returns and
(D) that occurred while they were child rots the fruit.
(E) occurred when being children
(E) to have them quickly processed into juice
concentrate before warmer weather returns and
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
rots them.
2. Some bat caves, like honeybee hives, have
‘guards’ that take on different duties like Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
defending the entrance, acting as sentinels
and to sound a warning at impending danger,
and scouting outside the caves for new food and 4. Since 1981, when the farm depression began,
roosting sites. the number of acres under the care of farm-
management companies have grown from 40
(A) like defending the entrance, acting as million to nearly 60 million, an area about
sentinels and to sound a warning at impending Colorado’s size.
danger,
(A) have grown from 40 million to nearly 60
(B) such as defending the entrance, acting as million, an area about Colorado’s size
sentinels and to sound a warning at impending
danger, (B) has grown from 40 million up to nearly 60
million, the size of Colorado
(C) such as defending the entrance, acting as
sentinels and sounding a warning at impending (C) has grown from 40 million to nearly 60
danger, million, an area about the size of Colorado

(D) such as to defend the entrance, act as
sentinels and sound a warning at impending
danger,
(E) like the defending of the entrance, acting as
sentinels to sound a warning at impending
danger,
(D) has grown from 40 million to nearly 60
million, Colorado’s size
(E) has grown from 40 million up to nearly 60
million which is the size of Colorado
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )

Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )

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5. Language scholars argued that Sanskrit is at
least 2,000 years as old as any of their
supposed European counterparts.
(A) as old as any of their supposed
(B) older than any of their supposed
(C) older than any of its supposed
(D) as old as any of its supposed
(E) older than any of its supposedly
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
6. Financial Concepts of assets turnover and
liquidity ratios do not apply to new small
businesses in the same way as they do to
established big businesses, because they are
growing and are seldom in equilibrium.
(A) Financial concepts of assets turnover and
liquidity ratios do not apply to new small
businesses in the same way as they do to
established big businesses, because they are
growing and are seldom in equilibrium
(B) Financial concepts of assets turnover and
liquidity ratios do not apply to new small
businesses because they are growing and are
seldom in equilibrium, unlike established big
businesses
(C) New small businesses are not subject to
financial concepts of assets turnover and
liquidity ratios in the same way as established
businesses are, because they are growing and
seldom in equilibrium
(D) Because new small businesses are growing
and seldom in equilibrium, financial concepts of
assets turnover and liquidity ratios do not apply
to them in the same way as to established big
businesses
(E) Financial concepts of assets turnover and
liquidity ratios do not apply to new small
businesses that are growing and seldom in
equilibrium; but these concepts apply to
established big businesses
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
7. Based on their study of the paintings on the
walls of ancient temples in Eastern India,
scholars have concluded that the cult of tantra,
as practiced in Vedic times, considered Lingam
and Yoni to be symbolic of reproductive
functions of human species.
(A) Based on their study of the paintings on the
walls of ancient temples in Eastern India,
(B) From a study of the paintings on the walls of
ancient temples in Eastern India,
(C) Using the information obtained from their
study of the paintings on the walls of ancient
temples in Eastern India,
(D) By their study of the paintings on the walls
of ancient temples in Eastern India
(E) Basing on their study of the paintings on the
walls of ancient temples in Eastern India
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
8. Astronomers at the Navajo Laboratory have
discovered a distant supernova explosion, one
that they believe is a type previously unknown
to science.
(A)one that they believe is
(B) one they believe to be
(C) one they believe to be of
(D) one that is believed to be
(E) that is believed to be
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
9. However much the graduate schools of
management may agree that a cut-off GMAT
score may exclude minorities and applicants
whose native language is not English but who
are otherwise well qualified to pursue the
graduate study program, it is difficult to use any
other criterion in the face of growing number of
applications to M.B.A programs.
(A) However much the graduate schools of
management may agree that
(B) As much as they agree that
(C) Although the graduate schools of
management may agree
(D) Even though the graduate schools of
management may agree
(E) Despite the graduate schools management
agreeing that
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
8
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10. Lacking information about energy use,

people tend to overestimate the amount of energy
used by equipment , such as lights, that are
obvious and must be turned on and off and
underestimate that used by unobtrusive
equipment, such as water heaters.
(A) equipment, such as lights, that are obvious
and must be turned on and off and underestimate
that
(B) obvious equipment, such as lights, that must
be turned on and off and underestimate that
(C) equipment , such as lights, that is obvious
and must be turned on and off and underestimate
those
(D) obvious equipment, like lights that must be
turned on and off, and underestimate that
(E) equipment that are obvious and must be
turned on and off, like lights, and underestimate
it when
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
11. In virtually all types of tissues in every
animal species, dehydroepiandrosterone induces
the production of antibodies that are the
organism’s trying to metabolize, or render
harmless, the chemical that is irritating it.
(A) trying to metabolize, or render harmless, the
chemical that is irritating it.
12. Ministry of Health officials in the province
of Manitoba in Canada report that soaring rates
of liability insurance have risen to force
doctors to prescribe laboratory tests hitherto
considered unnecessary and avoidable.
(A) rates of liability insurance have risen to
force
(B) rates of liability insurance are forcing
(C) rates for liability insurance are forcing
(D) rates for liability insurance are such as to
force
(E) rates of liability insurance force
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
13. In addition to having more protein than
wheat does, the protein in rice is higher
quality than that in wheat, with more amino
acids essential to the human diet.
(A) the protein in rice is higher quality than
that in
(B) rice has higher quality protein than
(C) rice has protein of higher quality than that in
(D) the protein in rice is of higher quality
than that in
(E) rice protein is higher in quality than in

(B) trying to metabolize, or render harmless, the Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )

irritating chemical
(C) attempt to metabolize, or render harmless,
the irritating chemical
(D) attempt to metabolize, or render harmless,
the chemical irritant
(E) attempt to metabolize, or render harmless,
the irritant chemical

Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )

9
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14. In her research paper, Dr. Samantha Hoar,
the medical director of sexual health clinic,
distinguishes regular dhea, which may elevate
testosterone levels leading to sexual
aggression, from micronized dhea sulfate,
which may promote overall well-being.
(A) regular dhea, which may elevate testosterone
levels leading to sexual aggression, from
micronized dhea sulfate,
(B) between regular dhea, which may elevate
testosterone levels leading to sexual aggression,
and micronized dhea sulfate,
(C) between regular dhea, which may elevate
testosterone levels and lead to sexual aggression,
and micronized dhea sulfate,
(D) regular dhea elevating testosterone levels
and leading to sexual aggression from
micronized dhea sulfate,
(E) between regular dhea elevating testosterone
levels leading to sexual aggression and
micronized dhea sulfate,
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
15. Defense attorneys have used the
“intoxication” defense and argued successfully
that their clients’ alleged criminal act stemmed
from a reaction to something imbibed, but in
attributing criminal or delinquent behavior to
some chemical reaction of the imbibed
substance, the perpetrators are being told that
they need not take responsibility for their
actions.
16. Most modern inventions that we take so
much for granted in our daily lives came into
existence not in a serendipitous manner but
evolved gradually through improvements over
prior accomplishments of inventors.
(A) not in a serendipitous manner but evolved
gradually through improvements over
(B) not in a serendipitous manner but gradually
through improvements over
(C) not only in a serendipitous manner but also
evolved gradually through improvements over
(D) not in a serendipitous manner but rather
evolving gradually through improvements over
(E) not in a serendipitous manner but gradually
evolving through improvements over
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
17. Like GRE, GMAT is an aptitude test used
by the graduate schools as one determinant of
success in the first year of the graduate study
program.
(A) Like GRE
(B) Just as GRE,
(C) As is GRE,
(D) Much like GRE,
(E) Similar to GRE,
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )

(A) in attributing criminal or delinquent behavior to

some chemical reaction of the imbibed substance,
(B) by attributing criminal or delinquent behavior to
some chemical reaction of the imbibed substance,
(C) if criminal or delinquent behavior is attributed to
some chemical reaction of imbibed substance,
(D) attributing criminal or delinquent behavior to
some chemical reaction of imbibed substance means
that
(E) if some chemical reaction of imbibed substance is
attributed to criminal or delinquent behavior,

Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )

10
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18. Native American burial sites dating back

5,000 years indicate that the residents of Maine
at that time were part of a widespread culture
of Algonquian-speaking people.
(A) were part of a widespread culture of
Algonquian-speaking people.
(B) had been a part of a widespread culture of
Algonquian-speaking people.
(C) were part of a widespread culture of people
speaking Algonquian.
(D) were people speaking Algonquian, part of a
widespread culture.
(E) were a people who spoke Algonquian and
part of a widespread culture.
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
20. Paleontologists believe that fragments of a
primate jawbone unearthed in Mayanmar and
estimated at 40 to 44 million years old
provide evidence of a crucial step along the
evolutionary path that led to human beings.
(A) at 40 to 44 million years old provide
evidence of
(B) 40 to 44 million years old provide evidence
of
(C) to be 40 to 44 million years old provide
evidence of
(D) to be 40 to 44 million years old provides
evidence of
(E) as 40 to 44 million years old provide
evidence of

Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )

19. Each of Hemingway’s wives - Hadley,

Pauline, Martha, and Mary - were strong and
interesting women, very different from the
other, often pallid women who populate his
novels.
(A) Each of Hemingway’s wives - Hadley,
Pauline, Martha, and Mary - were strong and
interesting women,
(B) Each of Hemingway’s wives - Hadley,
Pauline, Martha, and Mary - was strong and
interesting women,
(C) Hemingway’s wives - Hadley, Pauline,
Martha, and Mary - were each strong and
interesting woman,
(D) Hemingway’s wives - Hadley, Pauline,
Martha, and Mary - were all strong and
interesting women,
(E) Each one a strong and interesting woman,
Hemingway’s wives - Hadley, Pauline, Martha,
and Mary - were
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )

11
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21. Mirium Zdravkovic has traveled to remote 22. Nevada will gain another quarter-million
dwellings in Nagaland to photograph the jobs this year alone, many of them in high-
intricate art of the Naga women, whose murals paying fields like electronics, computers, and
are brilliantly colored, their geometrical banking, making the state’s economy far
symmetry embellished with old and new more diversified than ten years ago.
iconography and in a style that varies from
(A) high-paying fields like electronics,
woman to woman and house to house.
computers, and banking, making the state’s
(A) whose murals are brilliantly colored, their economy far more diversified than
geometrical symmetry embellished with old and
(B) high-paying fields such as electronics,
new iconography and in a style that varies from
computers, and banking, to make the state’s
woman to woman and house to house.
economy far more diversified than
(B) whose murals are brilliantly colored, and
(C) high-paying fields such as electronics,
their geometrical symmetry embellished with old
computers, and banking, job gains making the
and new iconography in a style that varies from
state’s economy far more diversified than it was
women to women and house to house.
(D) such high-paying fields as electronics,
(C) whose murals brilliantly colored and their
computers, and banking and make the state’s
geometrical symmetry embellished with old and
economy far more diversified than
new iconography have a style that varies from
women to women and house to house. (E) such high-paying fields as electronics,
computers, and banking to make the economy
(D) with their murals brilliantly colored, their
far more diversified than
geometrical symmetry embellished with old and
new iconography and in a style that varies from
women to women and house to house. Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
(E) whose murals are brilliantly colored, their
geometrical symmetry is embellished with old
and new iconography and are in a style that End of Section 3.
varies from women to women and house to How long did you take to complete this
house. section? Minutes

Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )

Hint: “ Naga women, whose murals were

brilliantly colored, the geometrical
symmetry of murals embellished with old
and new iconography and (embellished) in a
style that varies from woman to woman, and
house to house.”

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3. The federalist papers, a strong defense of the

Directions: The underlined part of the sentence needs to be
corrected. Choose the best answer, which is at once correct
and effective. Keep in mind all the elements of grammar and
sentence construction we have covered in our module III
study materials. A “Correct” Sentence must be clear, concise,
correct and effective.
1. Based on a recent study by the National
Institute of Health, a conclusion was reached
about the need to mass immunize teen-aged
boys and girls against Hepatitis B.
(A) a conclusion was reached about the need to
mass immunize teen-aged boys and girls against
Hepatitis B.
(B) it was concluded that the need exists to mass
immunize teen-aged boys and girls against
Hepatitis B.
(C) mass immunization of teen-aged boys and
girls against Hepatitis B was concluded as
needed.
(D) teen-aged boys and girls, it was concluded,
needed to be mass immunized against Hepatitis
B.
(E) the need to mass immunize teen-aged boys
and girls against Hepatitis B was concluded.
Your Answer: A( )B( )C( )D( )E( )
2. The Myron Manufacturing company has been
consistently following a policy aimed at
decreasing the operating costs and
improvements in the efficiency of its
distribution system.
(A) aimed at decreasing the operating costs and
improvements in
(B) aimed at decreasing the operating costs and
achieving improvements in
(C) aimed at decreasing the operating costs and
improving
(D) with the aim to decrease the operating costs
and improving
(E) of decreasing the operating costs and
improving of
United States Constitution and important as a
body of work in political science as well,
represents the handiwork of three different
authors.
(A) and important as a body of wok in political
science as well, represents
(B) and an important body of work in political
science, represents
(C) as well as an important body of work in
political science, represent
(D) as well as important as a body of work in
political science, are representative of
(E) ,an important body of work in political
science as well, and representative of
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
4. Despite protests from some waste disposal
companies, state health officials have ordered
the levels of bacteria in seawater at popular
beaches to be monitored and the results
should be published.
(A) the levels of bacteria in seawater at popular
beaches to be monitored and the results should
be
(B) the levels of bacteria in seawater at popular
beaches should be monitored and the results
(C) that the levels of bacteria in seawater at
popular beaches be monitored and the results
(D) to monitor the levels of bacteria in seawater
at popular beaches with the results to be
(E) that the levels of bacteria in seawater at
popular beaches be monitored and the results to
be
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )

Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )

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5. Parliament did not accord full refugee

benefits to the recent claimants because it
believed that to do it is rewarding them for
entering the country illegally.
(A) to do it is rewarding
(B) doing so would be rewarding to
(C) doing so would reward
(D) to do it would be rewarding
(E) to do so would be rewarding
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
7. What was as remarkable as the
development of the compact disc has been the
use of the new technology to revitalize, in better
sound than was ever before possible, some of the
classic recorded performances of the pre-LP era.
(A) What was as remarkable as the development
of the compact disc
(B) Remarkable and equal to the development of
the compact disc
(C) Just as remarkable as the development of the
compact disc

6. Published in a small rural town in New
Brunswick, the owner and editor of the “Tight
Wad” newsletter were two young journalism
graduates, Mary Tot and John Lops, who
would later make their reputation as a local
Mayor.
(A) Published in a small rural town in New
Brunswick, the owner and editor of the “Tight
Wad” newsletter were two young journalism
students, Mary Tot and John Lops, who would
later make their reputation as a local Mayor.
(B) Published in a small rural town in New
Brunswick, the “Tight Wad” newsletter was
owned and edited by two young journalism
students: Mary Tot, who would later make her
reputation as a local Mayor, and John Lops.
(C) The “Tight Wad” newsletter was owned and
edited by two young journalism students, Mary
Tot and John Lops, one of them making their
reputation as a local Mayor, and published in a
small rural town in New Brunswick.
(D) Mary Tot, who would later make her
reputation as a local Mayor, and John Lops, two
journalism students, were the owners and editors
of the “Tight Wad’ newsletter, published in a
small rural town in New Brunswick.
(E) Mary Tot, who would later make her
reputation as a local Mayor, and John Lops were
the owners and editors of the “Tight Wad”
newsletter, published in a small rural town in
New Brunswick, being two journalism students.
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
(D) No less remarkable than the development of
the compact disc
(E) Equal in remarkability to the development of
the compact disc
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
8. Unlike verbal and quantitative skills, there
is a disinclination on the part of many people
to recognize the degree to which their
analytical writing skills are weak.
(A) Unlike verbal and quantitative skills, there is
a disinclination on the part of many people to
recognize the degree to which their analytical
writing skills are weak.
(B) Many people are inclined to accept that their
verbal and quantitative skills are weak but they
are disinclined to recognize that their analytical
writing skills are weak to a degree.
(C) Many people, willing to accept that they are
weak in verbal and quantitative skills, are
disinclined to recognize that they are weak in
their analytical writing skills.
(D) Unlike verbal and quantitative skills,
analytical writing skills bring out a disinclination
on the part of many people to recognize that they
are weak to a degree.
(E) Many people are willing to admit that they
lack verbal and quantitative skills but are
unwilling to recognize that their analytical
writing skills could be weak at least to a degree.

Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )

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9. A report by the Health and Environment
department has concluded that much of the
currently uncontrolled dioxins to which North
Americans are exposed comes from the
incineration of garbage.
(A) much of the currently uncontrolled dioxins
to which North Americans are exposed comes
(B) much of the currently uncontrolled dioxins to
which North Americans are exposed come
(C) many of the currently uncontrolled dioxins to
which North Americans are exposed comes
(D) many of the currently uncontrolled dioxins
to which North Americans are exposed come
(E) much of the dioxins currently uncontrolled
and expose North Americans come
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
10. Native to South America and fierce predators
that thrive on frogs, lizards, and even small
birds, Florida introduced Bufo Marinus toads
during the 1930’s in trying to control pests in
the state’s vast sugarcane fields.
(A) Florida introduced Bufo Marinus toads
during the 1930’s in trying to control
(B) Florida introduced Bufo Marinus toads
during the 1930’s in an attempt to control
(C) Bufo Marinus toads were introduced into
Florida during the 1930’s in an attempt to control
(D) Bufo Marinus toads were introduced into
Florida during the 1930’s in trying to control
(E) Bufo Marinus toads were introduced by
Florida during the 1930’s in trying to control
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
11. For members of the seventeenth-century
Ashanti nation in Africa, animal-hide shields
with wooden shields were essential items of
military equipment, as a means to protect
warriors against enemy arrows and spears.
(A) as a means to protect
(B) a means to protecting
(C) as a means to protecting
(D) to protect
(E) protecting
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
12. Using RU486, fetuses can be aborted
within the first trimester of pregnancy.
(A) Using RU486, fetuses can be aborted within
the first trimester of pregnancy.
(B) Using RU486, pregnancy within the first
trimester can abort fetuses
(C) Pregnancy within the first trimester can
abort fetuses using RU486.
(D) Using RU486, a woman can abort her fetus
within the first trimester of pregnancy.
(E) A woman using RU486 can abort her fetus
within the first trimester of pregnancy.
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
13. Many policy experts say that shifting a
portion of health-benefit costs back to the
workers helps to control the employer’s costs,
but also helps to limit medical spending by
making patients more careful consumers.
(A) helps to control the employer’s costs, but
also helps
(B) not only helps to control the employer’s
costs but also helps
(C) not only helps to control the employer’s
costs but in addition
(D) helps to control the employer’s costs besides
helping
(E) helps to control the employer’s costs while
also helping
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
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14. For almost a hundred years after having
its beginning in 1788, England exiled some
160,000 criminals to Australia.
(A) For almost a hundred years after having its
beginning in 1788
(B) Hundred years after beginning in 1788,
(C) Over a period of a hundred years
beginning in 1788
(D) Beginning after a hundred years in 1788
(E) Over a period of a hundred years after
beginning in 1788
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
15. James Warner, Personnel Director of Royal
Bank, has recommended that the use of any
dangerous or illegal drug in the five years
prior to application for a job be grounds for
not hiring the applicant.
(A) the use of any dangerous or illegal drug in
the five years prior to the application for the job
be grounds for not hiring the applicant.
(B) the use of any dangerous or illegal drug in
the five years prior to the application for the job
should be grounds for not hiring the applicant.
(C) the use in the five years prior to application
for a job of dangerous or illegal drug are
grounds that the applicant not be hired.
(D) an applicant’s use of any dangerous or illegal
drug in the five years prior to application for a
job be grounds not to hire them.
(E) any dangerous or illegal drug use in the five
years prior to the application for the job should
be a ground for not hiring the applicant.
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
16. The commission has directed the advertisers
to restrict the use of the word “natural” to foods
that do not contain color or flavor additives,
chemical preservatives, and nothing that has
been synthesized.
(A) and nothing that has been
(B) or anything that has been
(C) nor anything that has been
(D) nor anything that was
(E) and anything
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
17. Unlike the funded pension system, in which
contributions are invested to pay future
beneficiaries, a pay-as-you-go approach is the
basis of Social Security.
(A) a pay-as-you-go approach is the basis of
social security.
(B) the basis of social security is a pay-as-you-
go approach.
(C) Social Security is based on a pay-as-you-go
approach.
(D) Social Security’s approach is pay-as-you-go.
(E) Social Security’s basis is pay-as-you-go
approach.
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
18. Critics of the trend toward privately
operated prisons consider corrections facilities to
be an integral part of criminal justice system
and question if profits should be made from
incarceration.
(A) to be an integral part of criminal justice
system and question if
(B) an integral part of criminal justice system
and question if
(C) an integral part of criminal justice system
and question whether
(D) as being an integral part of criminal justice
system and question whether
(E) as an integral part of criminal justice system
and question if
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
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19. Several years ago the diet industry
introduced a variety of appetite suppressants, but
some of these drugs caused stomach disorders
severe enough to have been banned by the Food
and Drug Administration.
(A) stomach disorders severe enough to have
been
(B) stomach disorders so severe enough as to
have been
(C) severe enough stomach disorders that they
were
(D) such severe stomach disorders that they were
(E) such severe stomach disorders that the drugs
were
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
20. More than five thousand years ago, the
Chinese scholars accurately described the flow
of blood as a continuous circle controlled by the
heart, but it went unnoticed in the west.
(A) but it went
(B) but it was
(C) and it was
(D) and the discovery was
(E) but the discovery was
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
21. A collection of 38 poems by Phyllis
Wheatley, a slave, was published in the 1770’s,
the first book by a black woman and it was only
the second published by an American woman.
(A) it was only the second published by an
American Woman.
(B) and the second published by an American
woman.
(C) only the second published by an American
Woman.
(D) the second only published by an American
woman.
(E) the second only to be published by an
American Woman.
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
22. Although just inside the orbit of Jupiter,
amateur astronomers with good telescopes
should be able to see the comet within the next
few weeks.
(A) Although just inside the orbit of
(B) Being just inside the orbit of
(C) Even though it was just inside the orbit of
(D) Although it is just inside the orbit of
(E) Orbiting just inside
Your Answer: A ( ) B ( ) C ( ) D ( ) E ( )
End of Test
Time you took to complete: Minutes.
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Sentence Correction 5
22 Questions Time ---- 25 Minutes 3. Of all the possible disasters that threaten
world food production, the possibility of an
Directions: The underlined part of the sentence needs to be
corrected. Choose the best answer which is at once correct
adverse change in climate is maybe the most
and effective. Keep in mind all the elements of grammar and difficult for analyzing.
sentence construction we have covered in our module III
study materials. A “Correct” Sentence must be clear, (A) is maybe the most difficult for analyzing.
concise, correct and effective. (B) is probably the more difficult to analyze.
(C) is probably the most difficult for analysis.
(D) is maybe the most difficult for analysis.
1. Statistics Canada report for November 1995 (E) is probably the most difficult to analyze.
indicates that the numbers of businesses filing A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
for bankruptcy protection grew by more than
forty percent increase in the past decade and
predicts that the trend will continue for the rest
of this decade.
4. The rise in Commerce Department’s index of
(A) numbers of businesses filing for bankruptcy leading economic indicators is suggestive that
protection grew by more than forty percent the economy should continue its expansion into
increase the coming months, but that the mixed
(B) numbers of businesses filing for bankruptcy performance of the index’s individual
protection grew by more than forty percent components indicates that economic growth will
proceed at a more moderate pace than in the first
(C) number of businesses filing for bankruptcy quarter of this year.
protection was increasing by more than forty
percent (A) is suggestive that the economy should
continue its expansion into the coming months,
(D) number of businesses filing for bankruptcy but that
protection grew by an increase of more than
forty percent (B) suggest that the economy should continue its
expansion into the coming months, but
(E) number of businesses filing for bankruptcy
protection increased by more than forty percent (C) suggests that the economy will continue to
expand in the coming months, but
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
(D) suggest that the economy will continue to
2. Recession-ravaged economies of industrialized expand in the coming months, but
countries spawned a new breed of savvy investors
turning away from fixed rate investment vehicles like (E) suggests that the economy will continue its
the GIC’s and Time Deposits and they put their expansion into the coming months, but that
money in mutual funds and blue chip stocks.
(A) fixed rate investment vehicles like the GIC’s and time
deposits and they put their money in mutual funds and blue
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
chip stocks.
(B) fixed rate investment vehicles like the GIC’s and time
deposits and putting their money in mutual funds and blue-
chip stocks.
(C) fixed rate investments such as the GIC’s and time
deposits and putting their money in mutual funds and blue-
chip stocks.
(D) fixed rate investments such as the GIC’s and time
deposits; instead they put their money in mutual funds and
blue-chip stocks.
(E) fixed rate investments of GIC’s and time deposits and
putting their money in mutual funds and blue-chip stocks.

A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )

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5. Scientists have observed large concentrations
of heavy-metal deposits in the upper twenty
centimeters of Baltic Sea sediments, which are
consistent with the growth of industrial activity
there.
(A) Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent
with the growth of industrial activity there.
(B) Baltic Sea sediments, consistent with the
growth of industrial activity there.
(C) Baltic Sea sediments, discovery consistent
with the growth of industrial activity in the area.
(D) Baltic Sea sediments, where there is
consistency between the growth of industrial
activity and the findings.
(E) Baltic Sea sediments, which are consistent
with the growth of industrial activity in the area.
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
6. Inflation in fuel costs increased in 1995 for the
fifth consecutive year but were still about 20
percent lower than the rate of price increases for
other items included in the consumer price index.
(A) Inflation in fuel costs increased in 1995 for
the fifth consecutive year but were
(B) Inflation in fuel costs increased in 1995 for
the fifth consecutive year but was
(C) In 1995, inflation in fuel costs was
increasing for the fifth consecutive year
(D) 1995 was the fifth consecutive year of
increase in inflation in fuel costs but was
(E) The fifth consecutive year of inflation in fuel
costs was in 1995 which was
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
7. The most common reasons for an employee’s
unwillingness to accept a transfer to a new
location are that the mortgage rates are high,
housing in the new area costing more, and the
old home is difficult to sell.
(A) that the mortgage rates are high, housing in
the new area costing more, and the old home is
difficult to sell.
(B) high mortgage rates, housing costing more
in the new area, and the difficulty of selling the
old home.
(C) high mortgage rates, the greater cost of
housing in the new area, and the difficulty of
selling the old home.
(D) high mortgage rates, the cost of housing in
the new area being greater, and the old home
being more difficult to sell.
(E) high mortgage rates, the new area housing
costing more, and the difficulty to sell the old
home.
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
8. Displays of aurora borealis, or “northern
lights,” can heat the atmosphere over the arctic
enough to affect the trajectories of ballistic
missiles, induce electric currents that can cause
blackouts in some areas and corrosion in north-
south pipelines.
(A) to affect the trajectories of ballistic missiles,
induce
(B) so as to affect the trajectories of ballistic
missiles inducing
(C) such that the trajectories of ballistic missiles
are affected, and induced are
(D) to affect the trajectories of ballistic missiles,
and induce
(E) to affect the trajectories of ballistic missiles,
which induce
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
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9. The cameras of Voyager II spacecraft detected
six small, previously unseen moons circling
Uranus, which doubles to twelve the number of
satellites now known as orbiting the distant
planet.
(A) which doubles to twelve the number of
satellites now known as orbiting
(B) doubling to twelve the number of satellites
now known to be orbiting around
(C) doubling to twelve the number of satellites
now known to orbit
(D) that doubles to twelve the number of
satellites now known to orbit
(E) which doubles to twelve the number of
satellites now known to be orbiting
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
10. While Jackie Robinson was a Brooklyn
Dodger, his courage in the face of physical
threats and verbal attacks was not unlike that of
Rosa Parks, who refused to move to the back of
a bus in Montgomery, Alabama.
(A) not unlike that of Rosa Parks, who refused
(B) not unlike Rosa Parks’, who refused
(C) like that of Rosa Parks, in that he refused
(D) like Rosa Parks, who refused
(E) like Rosa Parks for refusing
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
11. William H. Johnson’s artistic debt to
Scandinavia is evident in paintings that range
from sensitive portraits of citizens in his wife’s
Danish home, Kerteminde, and awe-inspiring
views of fjords and mountain peaks in the
western and northern regions of Norway.
(A) sensitive portraits of citizens in his wife’s
Danish home, Kerteminde, and awe-inspiring
views of fjords and mountain peaks
(B) sensitive portraits of citizens in his wife’s
Danish home, Kerteminde, with awe-inspiring
views of fjords and mountain peaks
(C) sensitive portraits of citizens in his wife’s
Danish home, Kerteminde, to awe-inspiring
views of fjords and mountain peaks.
(D) sensitive portraits of citizens in his wife’s
Danish home, Kerteminde, along with awe-
inspiring views of fjords and mountain peaks
(E) sensitive portraits of citizens in his wife’s
Danish home, Kerteminde, in addition to awe-
inspiring views of fjords and mountain peaks
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
12. Studies of the human “sleep-wake” cycle has
practical relevance for matters ranging from duty
assignments in nuclear submarines and air-traffic
control towers to the staff of shifts in 24-hour
factories.
(A) has practical relevance for matters ranging
from duty assignments in nuclear submarines
and air-traffic control towers to the staff of
(B) has practical relevance for matters ranging
from duty assignments in nuclear submarines
and air-traffic control towers to the staffing of
(C) have practical relevance for matters ranging
from duty assignments in nuclear submarines
and air-traffic control towers to the staffing of
(D) have practical relevance for matters ranging
from duty assignments in nuclear submarines
and air-traffic control towers and to the staff of
(E) have practical relevance for matters ranging
from duty assignments in nuclear submarines to
air-traffic control towers, in addition to the
staffing of
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
`
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13. One of Ronald Reagan’s first acts as
President was to rescind President Carter’s
directive that any chemical banned on medical
grounds in the United States be prohibited from
sale to other countries.
(A) that any chemical banned on medical
grounds in the United States be prohibited from
sale to other countries.
(B) banning on medical grounds in the United
States any chemical prohibited from sale to
other countries.
(C) that any chemical banned on medical
grounds in the United States should be
prohibited from sale to other countries.
(D) prohibiting the sale to other countries of any
chemical banned on medical grounds in the
United States.
(E) that prohibited to sell to other countries any
chemical banned on medical grounds in the
United States.
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
14. A huge flying reptile that died out with the
dinosaurs some 65 million years ago, the
Giantwingocoatlus had a wingspan of 36 feet,
believed to be the largest flying creature the
world has ever seen.
(A) believed to be
(B) believing it to be
(C) which, it is believed, is
(D) and which is believed to be
(E) and it is believed to have been
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
15. A recent national study of public schools
shows that there are now one microcomputer for
every thirty-two pupils, four times as many than
there were four years ago.
(A) there are now one microcomputer for every
thirty-two pupils, four times as many than there
were
(B) there is now one microcomputer for every
thirty-two pupils, four times as many as there
were
(C) there is now one microcomputer for every
thirty-two pupils, four times the numbers
(D) there are one microcomputer for every thirty-
two pupils, four times as many as there was
(E) there is one microcomputer for every thirty-
two pupils, four times as many compared to
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
16. Having the right hand and arm being crippled
by a sniper’s bullet during the First World War,
Horan Pippin, a Black American painter, worked
by holding the brush in his right hand and
guiding its movements with his left.
(A) Having the right hand and arm being
crippled by a sniper’s bullet during the First
World War,
(B) Despite having the right hand and arm being
crippled by a sniper’s bullet during the First
World War,
(C) The right hand and arm being crippled by a
sniper’s bullet during the First World War
notwithstanding,
(D) His right hand and arm crippled by a sniper’s
bullet during the First World War,
(E) Although during the First World War, his
right hand and arm being crippled by a sniper’s
bullet,
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
17. Never before had taxpayers confronted so
many changes at once as they had in the Tax
Reform Act of 1986.
(A) so many changes at once as they had
(B) as many changes at once as
(C) as many changes at once as they did
(D) so many changes at once that they had
(E) so many changes at once as they did
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
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18. It is well-known in the computer industry
that how often the technology changes and the
frequency of software upgrades can be crucial to
profits.
(A) the frequency of software upgrades can be
(B) how frequently the software is upgraded can be
(C) the software upgrade frequency can be
(D) the frequency with which the software is upgraded
(E) frequent software upgrades can be
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
19. Visitors to the zoo have often looked up into
the leafy canopy and saw monkeys sleeping on
the branches, whose arms and legs hang like
socks on a clothesline.
(A) saw monkeys sleeping on the branches,
whose arms and legs hang
(B) seen monkeys sleeping on the branches,
whose arms and legs hang
(C) seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with
arms and legs hanging
(D) seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with
hanging arms and legs
(E) seen monkeys, while sleeping on the
branches with arms and legs that hang
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
20. Those who come to Church with a
predisposition to religiously belief will be happy
in an auditorium or even a storefront, and there is
no doubt that religion is sometimes better served
by adapted spaces of this kind instead of by
some of the buildings actually designed for them.
(A) adapted spaces of this kind instead of by
some of the buildings actually designed for them.
(B) these kinds of adapted spaces rather than
some buildings actually designed for them.
(C) such adapted spaces than by some of the
buildings actually designed for it.
(D) such adapted spaces rather than by some of
the buildings actually designed for them.
(E) adapted spaces of this kind more than by
some of the buildings actually designed for it.
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
21. Referring to the current hostility toward
smoking, it is frequently felt by smokers that
their prospects for being hired and promoted are
being stunted by their habit.
(A) Referring to the current hostility toward
smoking, it is frequently felt by smokers that
(B) With reference to the current hostility toward
smoking, it is frequently felt by smokers
is
(C) With reference to the current hostility toward
smoking, smokers frequently felt about
(D) Referring to the current hostility toward
smoking, smokers frequently felt that
(E) Smokers, while frequently referring to the
current hostility toward smoking, felt that
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
22. While larger banks can afford to maintain
their own data-processing operations, many
smaller regional and community banks are
finding that the cost associated with upgrading
data-processing equipment and with the
development and maintenance of new products
and technical staff are prohibitive.
(A) cost associated with
(B) costs of
(C) costs associated with
(D) costs to keep
(E) cost arising from
A( )B ( )C( )D( ) E( )
End of Section
Time you took to complete this Section:
_______Minutes.
Are you one of those incorrigible mortals who cannot
resist the temptation to always read choice A? Try
reading the choices from E back up.
On an average, each answer choice takes about 15
seconds to read. Since choice A is the same as the
underlined part of the stem, your insistence on reading
it will cost you 5 minutes and 30 seconds over 22
questions. You can spend this time more usefully to
answer more questions more correctly. Think about it.
If you have the habit, lose it pronto.
You will be glad you did.
22
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Sentence Correction Exercise 6
22Questions 25 Minutes
Directions: The underlined part of the sentence needs
to be corrected. Choose the best answer, which is at
once correct and effective. Keep in mind all the
elements of grammar and sentence construction we
have covered in our primer and misplaced modifier
segments.
1. The psychologist William James believed that
facial expressions not only provide a visible sign
of an emotion, actually contributing to the
feeling itself.
(A) emotion, actually contributing to the feeling
itself
(B) emotion but also actually contributing to the
feeling itself
(C) emotion but also actually contribute to the
feeling itself
(D) emotion; they also actually contribute to the
feeling of it
(E) emotion; the feeling itself is also actually
contributed to by them
Your Choice: _____
2. Along with the drop in producer prices
announced yesterday, the strong retail sales
figures released today seem like it is indicative
that the economy, although, growing slowly, is
not nearing a recession.
(A) like it is indicative that
(B) to indicate that
(C) as if it is indicative of
(D) as if to indicate
(E) indicative of
Your Choice: ______
3. The National transportation Safety Board has
recommended the use of fail-safe mechanisms on
airliner cargo door latches assuring the doors are
properly closed before takeoff and to prevent
them from popping open in flight.
(A) assuring the doors are properly closed
(B) so that they can assure that the doors are
closed properly
(C) to assure proper closing of the doors
(D) to assure that the doors are properly closed
(E) a means of assuring the doors are properly
closed
Your Choice: ____
4. Iguanas have been an important food source in
Latin America since prehistoric times, and it is
still prized as a game animal by the Campesinos,
who typically cook the meat in a heavily spiced
stew.
(A) it is still prized as a game animal
(B) they are still prized as game animals
(C) it is still prized as game animals
(D) being prized as a game animal
(E) they are still prized as being game animal
Your choice: _____
5. The Crash of 1987 demonstrated that the
world’s financial markets are integrated more
closely than never before and events in one part
of the global village may be transmitted to the
rest of the village - almost instantaneously.
(A) integrated more closely than never before
and
(B) closely integrated, more than ever before, so
that
(C) more closely integrated than ever before and
that
(D) more than ever before closely integrated as
(E) more closely integrated like never before
while
Your Choice: ________
23
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6. New theories propose that catastrophic
impacts of asteroids and comets may have
caused reversals in the Earth’s magnetic field,
the onset of ice ages, splitting apart continents 80
million years ago, and great volcanic eruptions.
(A) splitting apart continents
(B) split apart continents
(C) continents splitting apart
(D) the splitting apart of continents
(E) beginning of continental split
Your choice: _______
7. Wisconsin, Florida, Illinois and Minnesota
have begun to enforce statewide bans prohibiting
landfills to accept leaves, brush, and grass
clippings.
(A) prohibiting landfills to accept leaves, brush,
and grass clippings
(B) prohibiting that landfills not accept leaves,
brush as well as grass clippings
(C) that prohibit landfills from accepting leaves,
brush, not to mention grass clippings
(D) that prohibit the following: leaves, brush and
grass clippings
(E) prohibiting landfills from accepting leaves,
brush, and grass clippings
Your Choice: _____
8. Even though the direct costs of malpractice
disputes amounts to a sum lower than one
percent of the $541 billion the nation spent on
health care last year, doctors say fear of lawsuits
plays a major role in health-care inflation.
(A) amounts to a sum lower
(B) amounts to less
(C) amount to less
(D) amounted to less
(E) are lower
Your Choice: ______
9. Except for a concert performance that the
composer himself staged in 1911, Scott Joplin’s
ragtime opera ‘Treemonisha’ was not produced
until 1972, sixty-one years after its completion.
(A) Except for a concert performance that the
composer himself staged
(B) Apart from the concert performance that the
composer himself staged
(C) Excepting one concert performance that the
composer staged himself
(D) With the exception of a concert performance
the composer staged on his own
(E) Besides a concert performance having been
staged by the composer himself
Your Choice: ___________
10. Students in the metropolitan school district
lack math skills to such a large degree as to make
it difficult to absorb them into a city economy
becoming ever more dependent on information-
based industries.
(A) lack math skills to such a large degree as to
make it difficult to absorb them into a city
economy becoming
(B) are so lacking in math skills that it will be
difficult to absorb them into a city economy
becoming
(C) are lacking in math skills so much so that it
is difficult to absorb them into a city economy
(D) lack math skills so much so that it will be
difficult to absorb them into a city economy that
has become
(E) lacking math skills to such a large extent they
are making it difficult for the city economy to
absorb them having become
Your Choice: _________
24
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11. The diet of the ordinary Hindu in Vedic
times was largely vegetarian - vegetables, dairy
products and rarely meat.
(A) rarely meat
(B) meat was rare
(C) rare meat
(D) with meat as a rarity
(E) raw meat
Your Choice: ________
12. As business grows more complex, students
majoring in specialized areas like those of
finance and marketing have been becoming
increasingly successful in the job market.
(A) majoring in specialized areas like those of
finance and marketing have been becoming
increasingly
(B) who are majoring in specialized areas such
as those of marketing and finance have become
increasingly
(C) who major in such specialized areas as
finance and marketing are becoming more and
more
(D) who major in specialized areas of finance
and marketing are becoming more and more
(E) having majored in specialized areas such as
finance and marketing are being increasingly
Your Choice: ______
13. Inuits of the Bering Sea were in isolation
from contact with Europeans longer than Aleuts
or Inuits of the North Pacific and northern
Alaska.
(A) in isolation from contact with Europeans
longer than
(B) isolated from contact with Europeans for a
period greater than
(C) isolated from contact with Europeans longer
than
(D) isolated from contact with Europeans longer
than were
(E) isolated from contact with Europeans longer
than either
Your Choice: _______
14. Once the economic and social usefulness of
the motor car was demonstrated and with its
superiority to the horse being proved, much of
the early hostility to it in rural regions
disappeared.
(A) and with its superiority to the horse being
(B) and its superiority over the horse
(C) and its superiority to the horse having been
(D) and its superiority to the horse
(E) and its superiority to the horse being
Your Choice: _______
15. Minnesota is the only one of the contiguous
forty-eight states that still has a sizable wolf
population, and where this predator remains the
archenemy of cattle and sheep.
(A) that still has a sizable wolf population, and
where
(B) where the population of wolves is sizable
(C) with a sizable wolf population where
(D) where there is still a sizable population of
wolves, and where
(E) where a sizable population of wolves exist,
and
Your Choice: _______
25
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16. Discovery rules in many states require that
the identities of all prosecution witnesses are
made known to defendants so they can attempt to
rebut the testimony, but the constitution
explicitly requires only that the defendant have
the opportunity to confront any accuser in court.
(A) that the identities of all prosecution
witnesses are made known to defendants so they
can attempt to rebut
(B) that the identities of all prosecution
witnesses be made known to defendants so as to
rebut
(C) that the identities of all prosecution
witnesses be made known to defendants so that
they can attempt to rebut
(D) that the identities of all prosecution
witnesses should be made known to defendants
so that they can attempt to rebut
(E) that the identities of all prosecution witnesses
are made known to defendants so that they can
attempt to rebut
Your Answer:___________
17. Quasars, at billions of light-years from Earth
the most distant observable objects in the
Universe, believed to be the cores of galaxies in
an early stage of development.
(A) believed to be
(B) have been believed as
(C) and believed to be
(D) are believed to be
(E) it is believed are
Your Answer:______
18. The colorization of black-and-white films by
computers is defended by those who own the
film rights, for the process can mean increased
revenues for them; many others in the film
industry, however, contend that the technique
degrades major works of art, which they liken to
putting lipstick on a Greek statue.
(A) which they liken to putting lipstick on a
Greek statue
(B) which is like putting lipstick on a Greek
statue
(C) likening it to putting lipstick on a Greek
statue
(D) likening it to lipstick being put on a Greek
statue
(E) like a Greek statue with lipstick put on it
Your Choice: ____
19. Defying death and braving cold in the
middle of a jungle in Central America,
insects like cricket, and worms were all the
marines could eat to survive.
(A) insects like cricket and worms were all
the marines could eat to survive.
(B) the marines survived by eating insects
like crickets and worms.
(C) insects like cricket, and worms had to
be eaten by the marines to survive.
(D) the marines could survive by eating
insects like cricket, and worms.
(E) the marines survived on insects like
cricket, and worms.
Your Choice: ______
26
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22. Unlike auto insurance, the frequency of
20. Spanning more than 50 years, Fred Muller claims does not affect the premiums for
started his career in an unpromising personal property coverage, but if the
apprenticeship as a Sanskrit scholar and insurance company is able to prove
culminated in virtually every honor that excessive loss due to owner negligence, it
European governments and learned societies may decline to renew the policy.
could bestow.
(A) Unlike auto insurance, the frequency of
(A) Muller started his career in an
claims does not affect the premiums for
unpromising apprenticeship as
personal property coverage
(B) Muller’s career was in an unpromising
(B) Unlike auto insurance, personal
apprenticeship being that of
property coverage premiums are not
(C) Muller’s career began in an
affected by frequency of claims
unpromising apprenticeship as
(C) Unlike with auto insurance, the
(D) Muller’s career began in an
frequency of claims does not affect the
unpromising apprenticeship as that of
premiums for personal property
(E) Muller’s unpromising apprenticeship
coverage
was in a career as
(D) Unlike the premiums of auto insurance,
the premiums for personal property
coverage are not affected by the
Your Choice:________ frequency of claims
(E) Unlike the premiums for auto insurance,
the premiums for personal property
21, The physical structure of the human eye coverage are not affected by the
enables it to sense light of wavelengths up to frequency of claims
0.0005 millimeters; infrared radiation, however,
is invisible because its wavelength - 0.1
millimeters - is too long to be registered by the
eye. Your Choice: ______
(A) infrared radiation, however, is invisible
because its wavelength- 0.1 millimeters End of Test
- is too long to be registered by the eye.
(B) however, the wavelength of infrared Did you complete the Test in 25 minutes?
radiation - 0.1 millimeters - is too long Yes No
to be registered by the eye and therefore If No, How much longer than 25 minutes did you
invisible. take to complete it? Minutes
(C) the wavelength of infrared radiation -
0.1 millimeters - is too long to be
visible and registered by the eye.
(D) infrared radiation, however, is 0.1
millimeters in wavelength the reason
why it is not registered by eye and
remains invisible.
(E) infrared radiation, however, is invisible
because 0.1 millimeters is its
wavelength, which is too long to be
registered by eye.

Your Choice: _______

27