SISTEM INFORMASI

04
Modul ke:

MANAJEMEN
System Users and Developers

Fakultas
EKONOMI Veronica Setiawan SE., M.Ak
BISNIS
Program Studi
AKUNTANSI
 Learning Objective

 Know that the organizational content for

systems development and use is changing from
a physical to a virtual structure.
 Know who the information specialists are and
how they can be integrated into an information
services organization.
 Be alert to new directions that the information
services organization may take.
 Understand what is meant by “end-user
computing” and why it came about.
Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell
 Learning Objective (Cont’d)

 Appreciate that users, especially those with an end-

user computing capability, are a valuable
information resource.
 Know the benefits and risks of end-user computing.
 Be aware of the types of knowledge and skill that
are important to systems development.
 Appreciate the value of managing the knowledge
held by information specialists and users.
 Recognize the benefits and risks of the virtual office
and the virtual organization.
Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell
Figure 4.1 Information Systems
Support for the Organization

Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

 Information Services (IS)
Organization
 Information resources
 Information specialists
– System analysts
– Database administrators
– Webmasters
– Network specialists
– Programmers
– Operators

Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

 Figure 4.2 A Network Model of
Information Services Organization

Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

 Network Model (Cont’d)

 Visioning network enables the CIO to work with top

mgmt. in strategic planning for information
resources.
 Innovation network is used by the CIO to interface
with business areas so that innovations can be
developed.
 Sourcing network is utilized to interface with vendor
for acquiring information resources.

Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

 End-user Computing

End-user computing (EUC) is the development

by users of all or parts of their information
systems.
EUC has 4 main influences:
– The impact of computer education.
– The information services backlog.
– Low-cost hardware.
– Prewritten software.

Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

 Benefits of EUC

 Match capabilities and challenges.

 Reduce the communication gap.

Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

 Risks of End User Computing

• Poorly targeted systems.

• Poorly designed & documented systems.
• Inefficient use of information resources.
• Loss of data integrity.
• Loss of security.
• Loss of control.

Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

Education Criteria, Knowledge, &
Skills Needed for IS Careers
• Systems development knowledge
– Computer literacy
– Information literacy
– Business fundamentals
– Systems theory
– Systems development process
– Systems life cycle (SLC) & Systems development life cycle
(SDLC)
– Systems modeling

Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

 Education Criteria, …(Cont’d)

 Systems development skills

– Communications skills
– Analytical ability
– Creativity
– Leadership

Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

 Managing the Knowledge

 Office automation includes all of the formal &

informal electronic systems primarily concerned with
the communication of information to and from
persons both inside and outside the firm.
 Shift from clerical to mangerial problem solving.

Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

 Virtual Office

 Telecommuting describes how employees could

electronically “commute” to work.
 Hoteling is when the firm provides a central facility
that can be shared by employees as the need for
office space and support arises.

Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

 Virtual Office (Cont’d)

• Advantages
– Reduced facility cost.
– Reduced equipment cost.
– Reduced work stoppages.
– Social contribution.
• Disadvantages
– Low morale.
– Fear of security risks.

Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

 Virtual Organization

 Three I Economy is those industries that are most

attracted to the concept of the virtual office & the
virtual organization and those that add value in the
form of information, ideas, and intelligence.

Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

 The Human Element

Most important ingredient in the

development & use of information systems.
Main players
– Users
– Information specialists

Management Information Systems, 10/e Raymond McLeod and George Schell

 Terima Kasih
Veronica Setiawan, SE, M.Ak