PAMANTASAN NG LUNGSOD NG MAYNILA

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STRENGTH OF
MATERIALS
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INTRODUCTION : RIGID and
DEFORAMBLE BODIES

 Strength of Materials (also known

as Mechanics of Materials) is the study of the
internal effect of external forces applied to
structural member.
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INTRODUCTION : RIGID and
DEFORAMBLE BODIES

 RIGID BODY
 In physics, a rigid body is an idealization of a solid body in
which deformation is neglected. In other words, the
distance between any two given points of a rigid body
remains constant in time regardless of external forces
exerted on it.
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INTRODUCTION : RIGID and
DEFORAMBLE BODIES

 DEFORMABLE BODY
 In physics, a deformable body is the opposite of a rigid body.
It is an idealization of a solid body in which deformation is
considered due to external forces applied.
 EXTERNAL & INTERNAL EFFECT OF
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FORCES
Forces have certain effect in a body whether it is rigid or not.
However, there can be two types of forces contributing to a certain
effect in a given body.
 EXTERNAL FORCES. These are forces applied to the structure
from the outside of the structure.
 INTERNAL FORCES. These are forces that serves as the
reaction forces of the body for when external forces were
applied to it.
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INTERNAL FORCES ACTING IN A
BODY
From the figure, there are Four (4) Types of
Internal Forces that can act in a body. These are:
 Axial Forces. It measures the pushing or pulling
action perpendicular to the section.

 Shear Forces. This are the components of the

total resistance to sliding the portion to one side
of the section past the other.

 Torque. It measures the resistance to twisting

the member, usually tagged as force “T”.

 Bending Moment. It measures the resistance to

bending the member about the Y or Z axes.
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REVIEW: FORCE SYSTEMS

 When two or more forces act on a body, it is

called to form a system of forces.

Concurrent Parallel coplanar

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TYPES OF FORCE SYSTEMS

Pts. F,a,l,i&c

Pts. F,a with o&b

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EQUATIONS OF EQUILIBRIUM

 In order for a body to remain at rest, it

must be in a state of equilibrium.

Horizontal  Applying Newton’s Third Law: for

every action, there must be an
opposite in direction of the same
magnitude reaction.
Vertical  Since we are studying about the
behavior of the materials due to
internal & external forces, three
equations of equilibrium must be
Moment satisfied.
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FREE BODY DIAGRAMS

 Free-body diagrams are diagrams used to show the relative

magnitude and direction of all forces acting upon an object in a
given situation.
 A free-body diagram is a special example of the vector diagrams
that were discussed in an earlier unit.
 It is a schematic representation of forces based on their
directions to or from the body.
 All forces acting & reacting must be represented.
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Sample Problem
(just a Review)
 A 300-lb box is held at rest on a smooth plane by a
force P inclined at an angle θ with the plane as shown. If θ =
45°, determine the value of P and the normal pressure N exerted
by the plane.
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Solution

 Step 1. Draw Free-Body Diagram (FBD)

 ΣFx=0
Pcosθ=Wsin30
Pcos45∘=300sin30
Fbd:
P=212.13 lb ANS.

 ΣFy=0
N=Psinθ+Wcos30
N=212.13sin45+300cos30
N=409.81 lb ANS.
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Sources:

 https://www.mathalino.com/reviewer/mechanics-and-strength-of-
materials/mechanics-and-strength-of-materials
 https://www.bing.com/search?q=rigid+body&cvid=19d05d54244a44
9b98cdef81d689081a&aqs=edge.0.0j69i60l2j0l4.2819j0j9&FORM=
ANAB01&PC=DCTE
 https://www.slideshare.net/manishjha9256/force-types-system-of-
forces
 http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=125327
 https://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/newtlaws/Lesson-
2/Drawing-Free-Body-Diagrams