daibeWda Sps „printjeo“-Si

Tbilisi 2020
 IVANE JAVAKHISHVILI
TBILISI STATE UNIVERSITY

CHRONOS
Journal of the
Ivane Javakhishvili Institute of History and Ethnology

Tbilisi
2020
 ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis
Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti

ქ რ ო ნოსი
ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis
istoriisa da eTnologiis institutis Jurnali

Tbilisi
2020
 ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis
ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis istoriisa da eTnologiis institutis
yovelwliuri, mravalprofiliani, referirebadi samecniero Jurnali
qronosi aqveynebs istoriis, eTnologiis, fizikuri anTropologiis,
arqeologiisa da xelovnebis istoriis dargebSi Sesrulebul origina­
lur naSromebs, romlebic exeba saqarTvelosa da masTan dakavSirebul
samyaros, rac xels Seuwyobs qarTvelologiis problematikis da regionis
istoriis ukeT gaazrebas. Jurnali gankuTvnilia specialistTa da
saistorio mecnierebiT dainteresebul mkiTxvelTaTvis.

The Chronos  – a peer-reviewed annual multidisciplinary scientific journal

of Ivane Javakhishvili Institute of History and Ethnology at Ivane Javakhishvili
Tbilisi State Univer­sity publishes original works in history, ethnology, physical
anthropology, archaeology and art history related to Georgia and the surrounding
world; this will contribute to a better understanding of the problems of Kartvelology
and the history of the region. The journal is intended for professionals and readers
interested in historical science.

saredaqcio kolegia
liana biTaZe, daviT gagoSiZe, Salva gloveli, vaxtant goilaZe,
mariam didebuliZe, valeri vaSakiZe, aleqsandre TvaraZe (mT.
redaqtori), erik Tuno (aSS), qevin TuiTi (kanada), hubertus f.
iani (didi britaneTi), † dimitri TumaniSvili, xaTuna ioseliani,
hirotake maeda (iaponia), salome melaZe, nino mindaZe, daviT
mindoraSvili, goderZi narimaniSvili, anegret plontke-liuningi
(germania), stiven rapi (aSS), giorgi qavTaraZe, xaTuna qoqraSvili,
daviT yolbaia (poloneTi), naTia jalabaZe.

Editorial Board
Liana Bitadze, Davit Gagoshidze, Shalva Gloveli, Vakhtang Goiladze, Mariam Didebulidze,
Valeri Vashakidze, Aleksandre Tvaradze (Editor-in-Chief), Erik Thuno (USA), Kevin Tuite
(Canada), Hubertus F. Jahn (Great Britain), † Dimitri Tumanishvili, Khatuna Ioseliani,
Hirotake Maeda (Japan), Salome Meladze, Nino Mindadze, Davit Mindorashvili, Goderdzi
Narimanishvili, Annegret Plontke-Lüning (Germany), Stephen Rapp (USA), Giorgi Kavtaradze,
Khatuna Kokrashvili, David Kolbaia (Poland), Natia Jalabadze.

Jurnali daibeWda Sps “printjeo”-Si

ISSN 2667-9477
977-2667-9-4700-4

© ivane javaxiSvilis saxelobis istoriisa da eTnologiis instituti, 2020

 sarCevi

istoria

zaza aleqsiZe
marTla sjida sikvdiliT qarTlis kaTalikoss
somexTa kaTalikosi?......................................................................................9
xaTuna gafrindaSvili
mose kalankatuelis „albanTa qveynis istoriaSi“
maStocis Sesaxeb daculi cnobebi...........................................................15
vladimer kekelia
ramdenime Sesworeba anisis epigrafikaSi
(wm. grigol ganmanaTleblis
eklesiis somxuri warwerebi).....................................................................25
eka kvaWantiraZe
somxuri proeqti XVIII saukunis saqarTveloSi.....................................33
irakli faRava
sam ganzomilebaSi moRvaweni:
kaxeTisa da kaxeT-hereTis monarqTa wodebuleba..............................45
mariam CxartiSvili
wmindaA asurel mamaTa Rvawlisadmi miZRvnili
hagiografiuli ciklis istoriis ZiriTadi faqtebi.........................80
lavrenti janiaSvili
rusuli saokupacio politika da qarTul-osuri
urTierToba Sida qarTlSi.......................................................................112

eTnologia
roland TofCiSvili
xorxi/xorxis xeoba (eTnoistoriuli narkvevi)................................129
nino mindaZe
daavadebebTan dakavSirebuli erTi tradiciis Sesaxeb
(xevsureTis eTnografiuli monacemebis mixedviT)..........................140
 fizikuri anTropologia
liana biTaZe, daviT WiTanava, Sorena laliaSvili,
nino TavarTqilaZe, ramaz Sengelia
gvarsaxelebi da mosaxleobis anTropologiuri
da genetikuri polimorfizmi.................................................................155

arqeologia
zurab bragvaZe
pitiaxSi buzmihr keTili..........................................................................176
daviT gagoSiZe
aRjayala-gagis cixe - curtavi?...........................................................185
daviT mindoraSvიli
arqeologiuri gaTxrebi cixisZirSi da
petra-cixisZiris igiveobis sakiTxi......................................................204
nino SanSaSvili, goderZi narimaniSvili
yoveldRiuri cxovreba Zv. w. II aTaswleulis Sua xanebis
daA meore naxevris TrialeTSi (samxreT kavkasia)...............................235

xelovnebis istoria
zaza sxirtlaZe, neli CakvetaZe
mcxeTis wm. jvris eklesiis erTi reliefis gamo...............................258

mecnieris arqividan
devi berZeniSvili
recenzia darejan qaqucas asul kldiaSvilis mier
istoriis mecnierebaTa doqtoris samecniero xarisxis
mosapoveblad wardgenil disertaciaze
„qarTuli samonastro sulTa matianeebi“...........................................270

gaxseneba
levan gordeziani
giorgi meliqiSvilis saiubileod..........................................................280
lia meliqiSvili
mogoneba TinaTin yauxCiSvilze..............................................................284
 CONTENTS

HISTORY

Zaza Aleksidze
Could the Armenian Catholicos Really Sentence Catholicos
of Kartli to Death?......................................................................................................9
Khatuna Gaprindashvili
Information about Maštoc‘ in “The History of the Country
of Albania” by Movsēs Kałankatwac‘i....................................................................15
Vladimer Kekelia
Some Revisions in the Epigraphy of Ani (Armenian Inscriptions
of the Church of St. Gregory the Illuminator) ........................................................25
Eka Kvachantiradze
Armenian Project in Georgia in the 18th Century.....................................................33
Irakli Paghava
Acting in Three Dimensions: the Titulary of Kakheti
and Kakhet-Hereti Monarchs....................................................................................45
Mariam Chkhartishvili
The Principal Facts of the History of the Hagiographical Cycle
Devoted to the Activities of Monks from Assyria ...................................................80
Lavrenti Janiashvili
Russian Occupation Policy and Georgian-Ossetian
Relations in Shida Kartli.........................................................................................112

ETHNOLOGY
Roland Topchishvili
Khorkhi / Khorkhi Gorge (Ethnohistorical Essay)................................................ .129
Nino Mindadze
On One of the Traditions related to Illness
(According to Ethnographic Data of Khevsureti).................................................. .140
 PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
Liana Bitadze, David Chitanava, Shorena Laliashvili,
Nino Tavartkiladze, Ramaz Shengelia
Family Names and Anthropological and Genetic Polymorphisms
of the Population.................................................................................................... .155

ARCHEOLOGY
Zurab Bragvadze
Pitiakhsh Buzmihr the Kind .................................................................................. .176
David Gagoshidze
Is Aghjakala-Gagi Fortress - Tsurtavi?................................................................ .185
David Mindorashvili
Archaeological Excavations in Tsikhisdziri and the Issue
of Identity of Petra-Tsikhisdziri............................................................................. .204
Nino Shanshashvili, Goderdzi Narimanishvili
Everyday Life in Trialeti (South Caucasus) in the Middle and
the Second Half of the 2nd Millennium B. C.......................................................... .235

ART HISTORY
Zaza Skhirtladze, Neli Chakvetadze
On one Relief of the Church of the Holy Cross in Mtskheta................................. .258

FROM THE ARCHIVE OF THE SCHOLAR

Devi Berdzenishvili
Review on the Doctoral Dissertation
of  Darejan Kldiashvili “Georgian Monastic Synodika”....................................... 270

MEMORY
Levan Gordeziani
To the Anniversary of Giorgi Melikishvili............................................................ .280
Lia Melikishvili
Recollections about Tinatin Kaukhchishvili.......................................................... .284
 arqeologia - ARCHEOLOGY

zurab bragvaZe

pitiaxSi buzmihr keTili*

1902 wels sofel borSi miwis damuSavebis dros SemTxveviT aR-

moCnda vercxlis pinaki bomonis win mdgomi cxenis gamosaxulebiT da
arameuli warweriT. warwerisa da, Sesabamisad, vercxlis Tasis Tari-
Ris Sesaxeb azrTa sxvadasxvaobaa (e. pridiki, a. borisovi, S. amirana-
Svili, g. wereTeli), magram arc erT mkvlevars eWvi ar gamouTqvams
warweris Sinaarsisa da wakiTxvis Taobaze da yvela maTgani miiCnevs,
rom moxseniebulia pitiaxSi buzmihr keTili. aqve aRvniSnav, rom bo-
ris pinaki iyo pirveli arqeologiuri artefaqti, romlis mixedviTac
dafiqsirda antikuri xanis saqarTveloSi pitiaxSis institutis ar-
seboba da igi sami aTeuli wliT uswrebs win armazisxevis gaxmaurebul
aRmoCenebs.
sofel boridan momdinare arqeologiuri artefaqtebi oTx eta-
pad moxvda sankt-peterburgis saxelmwifo ermitaJSi: 1902, 1903, 1907
da 1908 wlebSi. pirveli cnoba boris aRmoCenis, vercxlis pinakis,
Sesaxeb gvxvdeba 1902 wels.1 1909 wels b. farmakovskim berlinSi gamo-
aqveyna boris masalebis CamonaTvali.2 boris masalebi aseve warmodge-
nilia saimperatoro arqeologiuri komisiis 1908 da 1909-10 wlebis
anagariSebSi,3 xolo yvelaze srulyofilad - e. pridikis 1914 wlis
publikaciaSi, magram arc es gamokvleva-katalogia boris artefaqte-
bis sruli gamocema, radgan masalis nawili, graf a. bobrinskis gankar-
gulebiT, 1912 wels gadaeca imperator aleqsandre III-is rusuli saim-
peratoro muzeumis eTnografiul ganyofilebas. es artefaqtebia:
vercxlis ori Tasi, brinjaos doqi, rkinis danebi, rkinis isrispiri,

*
statia Sesrulebulia SoTa rusTavelis erovnuli samecniero fondis sa-
xelmwifo samecniero grantis, #FF17-503 „qarTuli moZravi kulturuli
memkvidreobis virtualuri anastilosi sankt-peterburgis muzeumebSi da-
culi koleqciebis kvlevis safuZvelze“, farglebSi.
1
Дъло Императорской Археологической Комиссии, gv. 124-127.
2
Pharmakovsky [Archäologische Sammlung von Bori], sv. 144-148.
3
Отчеты Императорской Археологической Комиссии за 1908 год, gv. 182-183; Отчеты
Императорской Археологической Комиссии за 1909-10 гг., gv. 216-218.

176
oqros balTa, satevris qarqaSis oqros garsakravi, oqros diadema,
oqros kilitebi, oqros monetebi, vercxlis sami pinaki, vercxlis ori
oryura jami, vercxlis 2 sura, vercxlis sarke, vercxlis abzindebi,
vercxlis firfitebi, sareclis vercxlis fexebi, brinjaos abzinda,
rkinis ori dana, pastis mZivebi, minis WurWeli, Zvlis nivTi da xis
naSTebi.1 armazisxevis meore (armazesis) samarxSi gvxvdeba: oqros
samajuri, oqros medalioni, oqros 5 beWedi, oqros sayureebi, oqros
sakidi, oqros saavgaroze, oqros Rilebi, oqros monetebi, vercxlis
pinaki, minis WurWeli.2 armazisxevis mesame (bersumas) samarxSi mik-
vleulia: oqrostariani satevari, oqros beWedi, oqros xoiris fur-
clebi, oqros sayure, oqros ori sakidi, oqros monetebi, vercxlis
pinaki bomonis win cxenis gamosaxulebiT da arameuli warweriT,
sareclis fexebi.3
am sam samarxSi nivTebis raodenoba sxvadasxvagvaria da isini
Cvidmetidan ocdaCvidmetamde meryeobs (24 nivTi bersumas samarxSi,
17 - armazesis samarxSi da 36 asparugis samarxSi). ase rom, am samarxebSi
dafiqsirebuli saimqveynio inventari warmoadgens mxolod pitiaxSTa
saZvaleebisTvis damaxasiaTebel aucilebel atributebs. buzmihr pi-
tiaxSis samarxis rekonstruqciis Tvalsaz-risiT, ra Tqma unda, mniS-
vnelovania armazisxevis am samive samarxSi arsebuli artefaqtebis Se-
jereba borSi mopovebul koleqciasTan.
Cemi azriT, artefaqtebis raodenobisa da msgavsebis mxriv, buz-
mihris samarxi yvelaze axlos unda idges asparugis da bersumas samar-
xebTan da aq nivTebis raodenoba sam aTeulamde unda yofiliyo. Aaqve
isic unda aRiniSnos, rom cxeniani pinakebi ar aris damaxasiaTebeli
mxolod pitiaxSebis samarxebisTvis. isini gvxvdeba iberiis warCine-
bul pirTaTvis gatanebul saimqveynio inventarSic (zRuderi).
analogiuris Tqma SeiZleba sareclebzec. pitiaxSebis samarxebis
paralelurad, sareclebic warmoadgens romauli xanis iberiis same-
fos warCinebuli gvarebis warmomadgenelTa dasakrZalav inventars
(zRuderi, axali Jinvali).
rac Seexeba metalis (brinjaosa da vercxlis) surebs, isinic
damowmebulia iseT samarxebSi, romlebic ar warmoadgens pitiaxSebis
saZvaleebs, magram ekuTvnis sazogadoebis dawinaurebul pirebs
(zRuderi, erwo).

1
mcxeTa I., gv. 22-40.
2
mcxeTa I., gv. 40-46.
3
mcxeTa I., gv. 46-53.

178
 oqros sabeWdavi beWdebic ar gvxvdeba mxolod pitiaxSebis sa-
marxebSi. am mxriv mniSvnelovania zRuderis samarxebi, sadac isini ga-
movlenilia sam mdidrul samarxSi.1 oqroTi Semkuli satevrebic ar
warmoadgens mxolod pitiaxSebis prerogativas. modinaxes samarxSi
gvxvdeba analogiurad Semkuli satevari.2 igive iTqmis diademebTan
dakavSirebiTac. gvianromauli xanis arqeologiur monapovarSi dia-
dema aRmoCenilia modinaxes 66-e samarxSi.3
amrigad, TiTqos ver dgindeba im nivTebis gamoyofa, romlebic
damaxasiaTebeli unda iyos mxolod pitiaxSebis samarxebisTvis. Tum-
ca, es mxolod erTi SexedviT Cans ase, radgan am SemTxvevaSi arsebiTi
mniSvneloba eniWeba qronologiur faqtors da sakuTriv samarxTa
tips. pitiaxSebis samarxebi warmoadgenen sarkofagebs. aseTi tipis
sarkofagebi ki damaxasiaTebelia mxolod da mxolod armazisxevis
nekropolisTvis, maSin rodesac axal JinvalSi, erwoSi, urbnisSi da
modinaxeze gvxvdeba mxolod Cveulebrivi ormosamarxebi. armazis-
xevis sarkofagebs TiTqos waagavs zRuderis sarkofagebi, magram is-
ini mainc gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisgan. rac Seexeba bors, aq SeuZ-
lebelia raimes Tqma, radgan arc samarxis tipze da arc dakrZalvis
wesze verafers vityviT. am sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT ar gagvaCnia ara-
viTari monacemebi, Tumca, savaraudoa, rom boris SemTxvevaSic ormo-
samarxTan unda gvqondes saqme.
amavdroulad, isic aRsaniSnavia, rom magraneTis (erwos), axali
Jinvalis, urbnisis da modinaxes samarxebi qronologiurad gan-
sxvavdeba armazisxevis kompleqsebisgan da miekuTvneba IV saukunes,
anu im periods, rodesac armazisxevis pitiaxSTa Sto aRar arsebobs.
ase rom, am realobidan gamomdinare, am kompleqsebSi Semavali inven-
taris erTmaneTisadmi msgavseba mxolod formaluria da ara Sinaar-
sobrivi.
amrigad, marto metalis WurWlebis, sareclis fexebis, cxeniani
vercxlis pinakebisa da oqros sabeWdavi beWdebis mixedviT ver vim-
sjelebT mxolod pitiaxSebis samarxebisTvis gankuTvnili artefaq-
tebis Sesaxeb, radgan es nivTebi SeiZleba Segvxvdes rogorc pitiax-
Sebis, aseve sxva warCinebuli pirebis samarxebSi.
unda aRiniSnos is realobac, rom Tu I-III saukuneebSi iberiis
pitiaxSebi romisadmi erTguli saxelmwifo moxeleebi Canan (armazis-
xevisa da boris samarxebSi aRmoCenili artefaqtebic amasve adas-
turebs, radgan umetesi maTgani romauli warmomavlobisaa), ukve ad-
reul Sua saukuneebSi pitiaxSebi sasanuri iranisadmi morCilebas
1
braundi, javaxiSvili, nemsaZe, saganZuri zRuderidan, gv. 7-10.
2
nadiraZe, yvirilis xeobis arqeologiuri Zeglebi, gv. 67.
3
bragvaZe, yvirilis xeoba gvianantikur xanaSi, gv. 124.

179
gamoxataven (qvemo qarTlis pitiaxSi varsqeni). Tumca, ara mgonia,
iberiis pitiaxSebs sakuTari sagareo politikis ganxorcielebis
saSualeba hqonodaT da es viTareba pirdapir aris dakavSirebuli
qveynis sagareo veqtorebis cvlilebasTan. antikuri xanis iberia
romisadmi erTgulad ganwyobili qveyana iyo da am epoqaSi sasanuri
iranis gavlenac samxreT kavkasiaSi ar iyo iseTi TvalSisacemi, ro-
gorc V-VI saukuneebSi.
armazisxevis samarovnis monacemebze dayrdnobiT, a. afaqiZe mi-
iCnevda, rom armazisxevSi pitiaxSebis mTeli dinastia (javaxTa
dinastia) unda arsebuliyo.1 ar gamoiricxeba, rom pitiaxSebis saxli
minimum xuTi-eqvsi pitiaxSisgan mainc Sedgeboda da maTi moRvaweoba
gawelili iyo drois sakmaod vrcel monakveTSi (Zv. w. I - ax. w. III ss.).2
vvaraudob, rom pitiaxS buzmihris moRvaweobis periodi III s-is meore
naxevari unda yofiliyo. am mxriv igi Tanadroulia armazisxevis ar-
mazes pitiaxSisa. misi mmarTvelobis periodi emTxveva iberiis piti-
axSTa saxelos arsebobis miwuruls. amis Semdeg romauli xanis iberiis
samefoSi pitiaxSTa instituti an knindeba, an saerTod wyvets arsebo-
bas da am saxelisuflebo Tanamdebobis xelaxali aRdgena xdeba mog-
vianebiT, adreuli Sua saukuneebis sawyis etapze, savaraudod, IV sau-
kunis Sua xanebSi an am saukunis miwuruls. Tumca, am epoqis pitiaxSebi
gansxvavdebian antikuri iberiis pitiaxSebisgan upirvelesad imiT,
rom isini, rogorc Cans, sasanuri iranis orientaciis gamtareblebi
arian.
argveTis mxareSi (bori) III saukunis mxolod erTi pitiaxSis saxe-
liT aRmoCenili erTaderTi artefaqti sulac ar niSnavs imas, rom ze-
mo imereTSi iberiis administraciuli erTeuli swored am dros Seiq-
mna da ufro adre aq msgavsi instituti ar arsebobda. iberiis samefo
xelisufleba Zveli da axali welTaRricxvis mijnaze axorcielebs
did reformas, rac gamoixata administraciul-teritoriul erTeu-
lebad qveynis dayofaSi. erT-erTi aseTi erTeuli (saerisTavo Tu
sapitiaxSo) Seiqmna argveTis mxareSic da misi daarseba, Cemi azriT,
unda momxdariyo swored Zv. w. I saukunis bolos mefe farnavaz II-is
dros.3 amis miuxedavad, dRemde gaurkveveli rCeba ramdenime sakiTxi:
sad arian dakrZalulni Zv. w. I - ax. w. III ss.-is argveTis pitiaxSebi da,
Sesabamisad, sad mdebareobda maTi rezidencia. am etapze aseve ucno-
bia buzmihr pitiaxSis rezidenciis adgilmdebareobac.

1
afaqiZe, qalaqebi, gv. 111-112.
2
bragvaZe, armazisxevis pitiaxSTa saxli, gv. 73.
3
bragvaZe, iberia-kolxeTis zogierTi istoriul-arqeologiuri problemi-
saTvis, gv. 248-255.

180
 zemoT ukve gvqonda msjeloba imasTan dakavSirebiT, rom TiT-
qmis ver dgindeba im artefaqtebis definicia, romlebic eqsklu-
ziurad aris damaxasiaTebeli mxolod pitiaxSebis samarxebisTvis. sa-
kuTriv boris koleqciaSi kidev ufro Wirs aseTi nivTebis gamoyofa.
mxolod erTi, cxeniani pinaki Aar iwvevs aranair eWvs, rom igi ek-
uTvnoda pitiaxSs, magram Cndeba, Cemi azriT, sainterso kiTxva - is sa-
marxi, romelSic aRmoCnda es pinaki, ramdenad SeiZleba ganvixiloT
pitiaxSis saZvaled? saqme isaa, rom borSi ar dafiqsirebula arc
sarkofagi, arc akldama da, erTi SexedviT, buzmihr pitiaxSis kuT-
vnili artefaqtebi, yvela wyaros mixedviT, momdinareobs Cveuleb-
rivi ormosamarxidan. es realoba mafiqrebinebs, rom am SemTxvevaSi
saqme ar unda gvqondes pitiaxSis samarxTan da gamovlenili mdid-
ruli inventaric ar unda warmoadgendes pitiaxSis sakuTrebas. ak-
ldamisa da sarkofagis garda boris monapovarSi ar Cans arc ar-
mazisxevis pitiaxSebis samarxebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli saxelisuf-
lebo insigniebi (diadema, sabeWdavi, oqros qarqaSiani satevari).
mdgomareobas, erTi SexedviT, arTulebs warweriani pinaki. Tumca, ar
aris gamoricxuli, rom igi buzmihr pitiaxSisagan saCuqrad miiRo
borSi dakrZalulma im pirovnebam, romlis samarxSic es nivTi dafiq-
sirda. romaul xanaSi arc Tu iSviaTia SemTxvevebi, rodesac mmar-
Tvelebi sakuTar qveSevrdomebs Cuqnidnen Zvirfas nivTebs samaxsov-
ro warweriT. gavixsenoT Tundac bersuma pitiaxSisTvis naCuqari Ta-
si. ase rom, Tu am mosazrebas davuSvebT, maSin yvelaferi Tavis adgil-
ze dadgeba da im kiTxvebsac gaecema pasuxi, Tu ratomaa pitiaxSis war-
weriani pinaki aRmoCenili ormosamarxSi da ara akldamaSi, an sarko-
fagSi; ratom ar gvxvdeba aq pitiaxSebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli saxeli-
suflebo insigniebi da sxv. Cemi azriT, borSi dakrZaluli is pirov-
neba, visac ekuTvnoda pitiaxSis warweriani pinaki, warmoadgenda sak-
maod SeZlebul adamians da mas axlo urTierToba unda hqonoda ibe-
riis mmarTvel zedafenasTan. amis dasturs warmoadgens misTvis piti-
axSis mier Zvirfasi nivTis Cuqebis faqtic. am SemTxvevaSi iseTive mov-
lenasTan unda gvqondes saqme, rogorc zRuderSi, sadac aseve fiq-
sirdeba mdidari adamianisTvis samarxSi Cayolebuli naCuqari ver-
cxlis langari.1
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1
braundi, javaxiSvili, nemsaZe, saganZuri zRuderidan, gv. 21.

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Zurab Bragvadze

Pitiakhsh Buzmihr the Kind

Summary

Archaeological artefacts found in the village of Bori in 1902 are kept in St. Peters-
burg State Hermitage. Among the collected materials, the golden cup is of particular
interest. It features an Aramaic inscription „Kind Pitiakhsh Buzmihr“. This inscription
was the first archaeological artefact which proved the existence of the Institution of
Pitiakhsh in the Iberia kingdom of the Roman epoch.
Of course, it is interesting to know whether the tomb in which the cup was found
can be considered to be the tomb of Pitiakhsh? The thing is that neither the sarcophagus
nor the burial vault were found in Bori, and at first glance, the artefacts belonging to
Pitiakhsh Buzmihr, by all sources, gave retrieved from the usual pit-grave. This reality
makes me think that in this case we should not have to deal with the tomb of Pitiakhsh
and the revealed rich inventory should not be his property. However, it is not excluded
that this item was presented to a person buried in the tomb in Bori by Buzmihr Pitiakhsh.
In Roman times, rulers often gave valuable things with commemorative inscriptions to
their wards. Where is the burial ground of Buzmihr Pitiskhsh? The answer to this
question is not known yet.
Thus, there is no burial of the Pitiakhsh in Bori; but in my opinion, the obtained
artefacts are of great importance for the study of the history of the Roman period of the
kingdom of Iberia, whereas the name of another Pitiakhsh becomes known. Antiquity
tombs of the Iberian Pitiakhshes have been studied in Armaziskhevi and the Pitiakhsh
with the name Buzmihr is not known there. Therefore, Buzmihr cannot be regarded as
Armaziskhevi’s Pitiakhsh. It seems more credible, that he should have been the ruler of
the western province of the kingdom of Iberia, Argveti.

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 sur. 1. cxeniani pinaki boridan

sur. 2. pinakis grafikuli Canaxati

(evgeni pridikis mixedviT)

184