Faculty of Engineering and Technology

Cyber Physical System (03105452)

B. Tech CSE

Practical 1

Aim: Study IoT supported hardware platforms such as Arduino, Raspberry Pi, NodeMCU and

Intel Galileo.

1. ARDUINO UNO

• Arduino Uno is known as an open-source development board as it allows you to use this board
to interact with real-world things by uploading programs on this board. There are many other
microcontrollers like PIC microcontrollers, ST microcontrollers, Texas microcontrollers but
Arduino is used mostly as it is inexpensive and can be used in various forms.

• It can interact with anything that is controlled by electricity in any way. It can also interact
with motors, sensors, and electromagnets. In short, we can make devices that react and respond
to the world by using this board. In short, we can say that Arduino is the brain of thousands of
projects.

Features:
• 16 MHz crystal oscillator
• Operating voltage is 5 V and it can be achieved by using a USB port or by using an
external adaptor.
• An external micro SD card is supported
• This board comes with a built-in feature of voltage regulation i.e. when the device is
connected to other external devices it keeps voltage under control thus preventing the
board from damage.

Enrollment No. 170303105382 (Gajera Priyal 8B41) 1

 Faculty of Engineering and Technology

Cyber Physical System (03105452)

B. Tech CSE
• Easy USB interface i.e. simply plug your external device with this port and your device
is ready to use. This interface is also used to register your board as a virtual serial port
on your computer and the advantage is that this type of serial communication setup is
extremely easy and convenient.
• 16 MHz clock makes it fast enough for most of the applications.
• Onboard LED for easy and fast debugging of our code
• Micro SD cards can be used if the functionality or nature of our project goes complex
to make our board store more information.

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 Faculty of Engineering and Technology

Cyber Physical System (03105452)

B. Tech CSE

2. Raspberry Pi

RASPBERRY PI platform is most used after ADRUINO. Although overall applications of PI are less

it is most preferred when developing advanced applications. Also the RASPBERRY PI is an open

source platform where one can get a lot of related information so you can customize the system

depending on the need.

The Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV

and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that enables people of all ages to

explore computing, and to learn how to program in languages like Scratch and Python. It’s capable of
doing everything you’d expect a desktop computer to do, from browsing the internet and playing high-

definition video, to making spreadsheets, word-processing, and playing games

Features:
• Where the system processing is huge. Most ARDUINO boards all have clock speed of less
than 100MHz, so they can perform functions limited to their capabilities. They cannot process
high end programs for applications like Weather Station, Cloud server, gaming console etc.
With 1.2GHz clock speed and 1 GB RAM RASPBERRY PI can perform all those advanced
functions.
• Where wireless connectivity is needed. RASPBERRY PI 3 has wireless LAN and Bluetooth
facility by which you can setup WIFI HOTSPOT for internet connectivity. For Internet of
Things this feature is best suited.
• RASPBERRY PI had dedicated port for connecting touch LCD display which is a feature that
completely omits the need of monitor.
• RASPBERRY PI also has dedicated camera port so one can connect camera without any hassle
to the PI board.

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 Faculty of Engineering and Technology

Cyber Physical System (03105452)

B. Tech CSE

3. NodeMCU

NodeMCU is a Firmware on ESP8266. Its basically an SoC (System on Chip)

A System on a Chip or System on Chip(SoC) is an integrated circuit that integrates all components of
a computer or other electronic systems.

ESP8266 is a low-cost, WiFi Module chip that can be configured to connect to the Internet for Internet
of Things(IoT) and similar Technology Projects.

Basically, our normal Electrical and Mechanical equipments cannot connect to the Internet on their
own. They don’t have the in-built setup to do so.

Features:

• Operating Voltage: 3.3V

• Input Voltage: 7-12V
• Digital I/O Pins (DIO): 16
• Analog Input Pins (ADC): 1
• UARTs: 1
• SPIs: 1
• I2Cs: 1
• Flash Memory: 4 MB
• SRAM: 64 KB
• Clock Speed: 80 MHz
• USB-TTL based on CP2102 is included onboard, Enabling Plug n Play
• PCB Antenna
• Small Sized module to fit smartly inside your IoT projects

Enrollment No. 170303105382 (Gajera Priyal 8B41) 4

 Faculty of Engineering and Technology

Cyber Physical System (03105452)

B. Tech CSE
4. Intel Galileo

Intel Galileo is the first in a line of Arduino-certified development boards based on Intel x86
architecture and is designed for the maker and education communities. Intel released two versions of
Galileo, referred to as Gen 1 and Gen 2. These development boards are sometimes called "Breakout
boards".

Galileo is designed to support shields that operate at either 3.3V or 5V. The core operating voltage of
Galileo is 3.3V. However, a jumper on the board enables voltage translation to 5V at the I/O pins. This
provides support for 5V Uno shields and is the default behavior. By switching the jumper position, the
voltage translation can be disabled to provide 3.3V operation at the I/O pins.

Features:

• The expansion header on the top of Galileo should look familiar since it’s compatible with 5V
and 3.3V Arduino shields designed for the Uno R3 (also known as the Arduino 1.0 pinout).
This means that it has 14 digital I/O pins, 6 analog inputs, a serial port, and an ICSP header.
• Using the Ethernet port on the board is as simple as using Arduino’s Ethernet library.
• Most Linux boards rely on a connection to the Internet to get the current date and time. But
with Galileo’s on-board RTC (real time clock), we will be able to track time even when the
board is powered off. Just wire up a 3.0V coin cell battery to the board.
• On the bottom of the board is an expansion slot for PCI Express Mini cards. This means we
can connect WiFi, Bluetooth, GSM cards for connectivity, or even a solid state drive for more
storage.
• Galileo’s dedicated USB On-The-Go port will let us use the the Arduino USB Host library to
act as a keyboard or mouse for other computers.
• a microSD card slot is accessible from our code by using the standard Arduino SD card library.

Enrollment No. 170303105382 (Gajera Priyal 8B41) 5