PREPOSITIONS

Prepositions are not changeable words. They are prefixed to oblique

cases of substantives. They give special meaning to nouns. Some of
them are used with the accusative, some with the ablative, some with
either, but with suitable differences of meaning.
 PREPOSITIONS WITH ACCUSATIVE: INTRA, PROPTER, ANTE, POST

INTRA means: INSIDE OF, WITHIN (of time): intra bronchoscopiam – within
bronchoscopy
PROPTER – ON ACCOUNT FOR: propter metum – on account for fear
ANTE – BEFORE (of time): ante bronchoscopiam - before bronchoscopy
POST – BEHIND, AFTER (of time): post bronchoscopiam – after bronchoscopy
AD - LOOKING AT, IN REGARD TO: allergia ad medicamentum – allergy to
medication; cum sequelis ad neonatum – with consequences for newborn
 PREPOSITIONS WITH ABLATIVE:
The ablative case implies:
(1) Place whence
(2) Place where
These meanings are made more definite by prepositions, as follows:
E, EX – out of – OF TIME, JUST AFTER: ex tempore – immediately; ex vulnere
aeger – ill of a wound.
SINE – WITHOUT: sine sequelis – without consequences
CUM – with – cum sequelis – with consequences
 PREPOSITIONS WITH ACCUSATIVE OR ABLATIVE: IN, SUB.
IN with accusative – means INTO, ON TO (direction): in venam - into vein
IN with ablative – means WHERE (place) i. e. AT: in corde - in the heart; in vena -
in the vein
SUB with accusative – TO and UNDER (where? direction): sub linguam – under
language
SUB with ablative – UNDER (where? place): sub vena – under vein