Ethiopia

Ethiopia
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Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Expand
Name in national languages
Ge'ez: ኢትዮጵያ
የኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ

Amharic:
yeʾĪtiyoṗṗiya Fēdēralawī Dēmokirasīyawī Rīpebilīk
Oromo: Rippabliikii Federaalawaa Dimokraatawaa Itiyoophiyaa
Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Federaalka Itoobiya
Afar: ityoppiah federalih demokrasih ummuno
ናይኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ

Tigrinya:
nayi'ītiyop'iya fēdēralawī dēmokirasīyawī rīpebilīki
Flag
Emblem
Anthem:
ወደፊት ገስግሺ፣ ውድ እናት ኢትዮጵያ
(English: "March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia")
Menu
0:00
Capital Addis Ababa

9°1′N 38°45′E / 9.017°N
and largest city 38.750°E / 9.017; 38.750
Afar
Amharic
Oromo
Official languages
Somali
Tigrinya
English[1]
Harari
Regional languages[2] Sidama
Languages of Ethiopia
Oromo 34.9%
Amhara 27.9%
Ethnic groups Tigrayans 7.3%
(2016[3]) Sidama 4.1%
Welayta 3%
Gurage 2.8%
Somali 2.7%
Hadiya 2.2%
Afar 0.6%
Others 12.6%
62.8% Christianity
—43.5% Ethiopian
Orthodoxy
—18.6% Pentay
Religion (Protestantism)
—0.7% Catholicism
33.9% Islam
2.6% Traditional faiths
0.7% Others / None[4]
Demonym(s) Ethiopian
Ethnofederalist[5]
Government parliamentary constitutional
republic
• President Sahle-Work Zewde
• Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed
• Deputy Prime Minister Demeke Mekonnen
• Speaker of the House of Peoples'

Tagesse Chafo
Representatives
• Supreme Court Chief Meaza Ashenafi
Federal Parliamentary
Legislature
Assembly
• Upper house House of Federation
House of Peoples'
• Lower house
Representatives
Formation of Ethiopia
Expand
Predecessor States
Dʿmt
Sultanate of Aussa
Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea
Kingdom of Aksum
Zagwe dynasty
Medri Bahri
Land of Punt
Ethiopian Empire
Kingdom of Shewa
Sultanate of Showa
Kingdom of Tankish
Sharkha
Kingdom of Qita'a
Kingdom of Nagash
Kingdom of Jarin
Sultanate of Dawaro
Kingdom of Bazin
Template:Medieval Horn of Africa
Sultanate of Dahlak
Kingdom of Belgin
Sultanate of Bale
Sultanate of Arababni
Sultanate of Ifat
Sultanate of Harar
Ajuran Sultanate
Adal Sultanate
Kingdom of Garo
Kingdom of Kaffa
Kingdom of Janjero
Adulis
• Dʿmt c. 980 BCE
• Kingdom of Aksum c. 100 CE
• Zagwe Dynasty 900
• Ethiopian Empire 1137

• Occupied & Annexed into Italian
1936
East Africa
• Sovereignty restored 1941
• Provisional Military Government

1974
of Socialist Ethiopia
• People's Democratic Republic of

1987
Ethiopia
• Secession of Eritrea 1993
• Current constitution 21 August 1995
Area
1,104,300[6] km2
• Total
(426,400 sq mi) (28th)
• Water (%) 0.7
Population
• 2016 estimate 102,403,196[7] (13th)
• 2007 census 73,750,932[8]
92.7/km2 (240.1/sq mi)

• Density
(123rd)
GDP (PPP) 2020 estimate
• Total $272 billion[9] (58th)
• Per capita $2,772[9]
GDP (nominal) 2020 estimate
• Total $96 billion[9] (61st)
• Per capita $974[9]

33.6[10]
Gini (2011)
medium
0.485[11]
HDI (2019)
low · 173rd
Currency Birr (ETB)
Time zone UTC+3 (EAT)
Driving side right
Calling code +251
ISO 3166 code ET
Internet TLD .et
Ethiopia (Amharic: ኢትዮጵያ, ʾĪtyōṗṗyā pronunciation (help·info), Afar: Itiyoophiyaa, Ge'ez: ኢትዮጵያ,
Oromo: Itoophiyaa, Somali: Itoobiya, Tigrinya: ኢትዮጵያ) is a country in the Horn of Africa. It has one of
the longest and most well known histories as a country in Africa and the world. Ethiopia was one of the
few countries in Africa that escaped the Scramble for Africa. It avoided being colonized until 1935, when
it was invaded by the Italians, who took over the country for a brief time. Ethiopia used to be called
Abyssinia. The word "Ethiopia" is from the Greek word Αἰθιοπία (IPA: /ˌaitʰioˈpia/) meaning sun light
burned face. It is the most populous landlocked country in the world. It lost its Red Sea ports when
Eritrea gained independence in 1993.
Part of a series on the
Habesha Community
ሐበሻ | Habesha
/ | /
National origin groups[show]
Eritrea (Eritreans)
Ethiopia (Ethiopians)
Ethnic groups[show]
Afar
Agaw
Awi
Daasanach
Gabra
Hadiya
Kambaata
Konso
Oromo
Yejju
Qemant
Saho
Irob
Sidama
Somali
Tsamai
Werji
Afar
Beja
Bilen
Saho
Amhara
Argobba
Chebo
Gurage
Beta Israel
Harari
Silt’e
Tigrayan
Zay
Tigrinyas
Tigre
(Beni-Amer
Beit Asgede
Ad Shaikh
Mensa
Beit Juk
Marya)
Arbore
Awi
Banna
Basketo
Chara
Danta
Dawro
Dizi
Dorze
Gamo
Gedeo
Hamar
Koore
Maale
Shinasha
Welayta
Yemsa
Anuak
Bare
Berta
Gumuz
Kichepo
Kwama
Kwegu
Majang
Mekan
Murle
Mursi
Nuer
Nyangatom
Shabo
Shanqella
Shita
Surma
Tirma
Weyto
Kunama
Nara
Eritrean Americans
Ethiopian Americans
Eritrean Australians
Ethiopian Australians
Eritrean Canadians
Ethiopian Canadians
Eritreans in Denmark
Ethiopians in Denmark
Eritreans in Germany
Ethiopians in Germany
Ethiopian Jews in Israel
Eritreans in Norway
Ethiopians in Norway
Eritreans in Sweden
Ethiopians in Sweden
Eritreans in the United Kingdom
Ethiopians in the United Kingdom
Homeland Regions[show]
Expand
Eritrea
** Maekel Region (1)
Anseba Region (2)
Gash-Barka Region (3)
Debub Region (4)
Northern Red Sea Region (5)
Southern Red Sea Region (6)
Expand
Ethiopia
** Addis Ababa
Afar Region
Amhara Region
Benishangul-Gumuz Region
Dire Dawa
Gambela Region
Harari Region
Oromia Region
Ogaden-Somali Region
Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region
Tigray Region
Expand
Historical Provinces of theEthiopian Empire
**Arsi Province
Begemder
Gamu-Gofa
Gojjam
Hararghe
Illubabor Province
Kaffa Province
Shewa
Sidama Province
Tigray Province
Welega Province
Wollo Province
Bete Amhara
Assab
Dire Dawa
Eritrea Province
Ogaden
Tigray Province
Asosa Zone
Bale Province
Borena Zone
East Gojjam Zone
East Hararghe Zone
East Shewa Zone
Gambela Region
Illubabor Zone
Kaffa Province
Metekel Zone
North Gondar Zone
North Omo Zone
North Shewa Zone - North Shewa Zone (Amhara)-North

Shewa Zone (Oromia)
North Wollo Zone
South Gondar Zone
South Omo Zone
South Shewa
Agame
Agawmeder
Amhara Province
Dawaro
Dembiya
Enderta Province
Fatagar Province
Hadiya Zone
Ifat
Lasta
Menz Province
Qwara Province
Semien Province
Tembien Province
Tselemt
Tsegede
Wag Province
Wegera
Hamasien
Akele Guzai
Barka
Denkalia
Gash-Setit
Sahl Province
Semhar
Serae
Kassala / Kassala (state)
Expand
Historical Kingdoms
**Dʿmt
Sultanate of Aussa
Kingdom of Aksum
Zagwe dynasty
Medri Bahri
Land of Punt
Ethiopian Empire
Kingdom of Shewa
Sultanate of Showa
Kingdom of Tankish
Sharkha
Kingdom of Qita'a
Kingdom of Nagash
Kingdom of Jarin
Sultanate of Dawaro
Kingdom of Bazin
Sultanate of Dahlak
Kingdom of Belgin
Sultanate of Bale
Sultanate of Ifat
Sultanate of Harar
Ajuran Sultanate
Adal Sultanate
Kingdom of Garo
Kingdom of Kaffa
Kingdom of Janjero
Adulis
Diaspora Communities[show]
United States[12][13]
Eritrean Americans: Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles
Ethiopian Americans: Ethiopians in Washington, D.C.,

History of Ethiopian Americans in Baltimore, Little
Ethiopia, Los Angeles
Australia[14][15][16]
Canada[17][18][19][20]
Eritrean Canadians
Ethiopian Canadians
Denmark[21]
Germany[22][23][24]
Israel
Norway[25]
Eritreans in Norway
Sweden[26]
Eritreans in Sweden
United Kingdom[27][28][29]
Religions[show]
Expand
Religions
* Christianity
Oriental Orthodoxy-Orthodox Tewahedo
Ethiopian Orthodoxy
Eritrean Orthodoxy
Protestantism-Evangelicalism
P'ent'ay:
Ethiopian-Eritrean Evangelicalism
Catholicism
Eritrean Catholicism
Ethiopian Catholicism[30]
Islam
Sunni
Judaism
Beta Israel (Ethiopian Jewish ethno-religious group)
Traditional Faiths
Expand
Christianity in Ethiopia and Eritrea and in the Habesha

Community
Expand
Branches of Christianity
*Oriental Orthodoxy
Orthodox Tewahedo
Protestantism
P'ent'ay
Catholicism
Eastern Catholic
Expand
Origins, Tradition, Culture
Christianity in Ethiopia
Christianity in Eritrea
Alexandrian Rite
Apostolic Succession and Missionary Origins:
Frumentius (328 AD Axum)[31]
Philip the Evangelist (8:26-39%20{{{2}}};&version=KJV;

Acts 8:26-39 {{{2}}} "via Ethiopian eunuch of Kush")
Mark the Evangelist (42 AD via Alexandria)[32]
Christian Missionaries & Mission Organizations (19th-

20th centuries)
Regions with Significant Populations:
Ethiopia and Eritrea
United States
Canada
Norway
Sweden
Finland
Denmark
Germany
United Kingdom
Israel-Palestine
Kenya
Australia
Italy
Netherlands
South Africa
Ethiopian-Eritrean Diaspora
Languages:
Geʽez (liturgical language)
Languages of Ethiopia
Languages of Eritrea
Oromo
Amharic
Wolayta
Sidama
Tigrinya
Somali
(other languages)
Diaspora Languages
English
German
Swedish
Norwegian
Danish
French
Dutch
Hebrew
Finnish
, etc.
Expand
Orthodox Tewahedo
* Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church
Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Church
Orthodox Tehadeso Reforms
Expand
P'ent'ay
Primary Denominations:
Ethiopian Kale Heywet Church
Holiness Baptists-(some Pentecostalism)
Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus
Lutheranism-(some Presbyterianism)
Evangelical Lutheran Church of Eritrea / Lutheran Church

of Eritrea
Lutheranism
Ethiopian Full Gospel Believers' Church
Pentecostalism-(some Mennonites)
Meserete Kristos Church
Mennonite-(some Pentecostalism)
Other Denominations:
Christian Brethren
Ammanuel Baptist Church
Misgana Church of Ethiopia

Assemblies of God
Pentecostal
Hiwot Berhan Church (Light of Life Church)
Emnet Kristos
Berhane Wongel — Gospel Light
Ethiopian Addis Kidan Baptist Church
Seventh-day Adventist Church
Anglicanism
Episcopal Church in Jerusalem and the Middle East
Episcopal Anglican Province of Alexandria
Orientation:
Protestantism
Evangelicalism
Eastern Protestant Christianity
Pentecostalism
Lutheranism
Baptist
Holiness Baptists
Mennonite-Anabaptist
Holiness movement
Anglican
Methodist
Presbyterian
Adventist
Expand
Catholicism
* Eritrean Catholic Church

Ethiopian Catholic Church
Expand
Miscellaneous
* Pentecostalism in Ethiopia
Protestantism in Eritrea
Religion in Ethiopia
Religion in Eritrea
Languages[show]
Expand
Major Languages
Amharic, Tigrinya, Oromo, Somali, Afar, Geʽez
Expand
Native Languages
*Languages of Ethiopia
Tigrinya
Afar
Beja
Bilen
Kunama (Bitama)
Nara
Saho
Tigre (Dahalik)
Amharic
Argobba
Geʽez
Gurage
Harari
Inor
Mesqan
Muher
Sebat Bet Gurage
Siltʼe
Soddo
Tigrinya
Zay
Afar
Alaba
Ale
Arbore
Awngi
Baiso
Bussa
Burji
Daasanach
Dirasha
Gedeo
Hadiyya
Kambaata
Konso
Libido
Oromo
Qimant
Saho
Sidamo
Somali
Tsamai
Xamtanga
Aari
Anfillo
Bambassi
Basketo
Bench
Boro
Chara
Dime
Dizi
Dorze
Gamo-Gofa-Dawro
Ganza
Gayil
Hamer-Banna
Hozo
Kachama-Ganjule
Kafa
Karo
Koorete
Maale
Melo
Nayi
Oyda
Seze
Shekkacho
Sheko
Wolaytta
Yemsa
Zayse-Zergulla
Anuak
Berta
Daatsʼiin
Gumuz
Kacipo-Balesi
Komo
Kwama
Kwegu
Majang
Meʼen
Murle
Mursi
Nuer
Nyangatom
Opuuo
Shabo
Suri
Uduk
Expand
Foreign & Diaspora Languages
*English
Italian
Arabic
German
Swedish
Norwegian
Danish
French
Dutch
Hebrew
Finnish
Armenian
Chinese
Greek
Related national groups[show]
History[show]
Lists[show]
Expand
/ Ethiopian-Eritrean Cultural and Historical

Community /
/ Habesha Community / - Ge'ez: ሓበሻ |

Habesha
Eritrea (Eritreans)
National Origin
Ethiopia (Ethiopians)
Afar
Agaw
Awi
Daasanach
Gabra
Hadiya
Kambaata
Konso
Oromo
Yejju
Qemant
Saho
Irob
Sidama
Ethnic Groups
Somali
Tsamai
Werji
Afar
Beja
Bilen
Saho
Amhara
Argobba
Chebo
Gurage
Beta Israel
Harari
Silt’e
Tigrayan
Zay
Tigrinyas
Tigre
(Beni-Amer
Beit Asgede
Ad Shaikh
Mensa
Beit Juk
Marya)
Arbore
Awi
Banna
Basketo
Chara
Danta
Dawro
Dizi
Dorze
Gamo
Gedeo
Hamar
Koore
Maale
Shinasha
Welayta
Yemsa
Anuak
Bare
Berta
Gumuz
Kichepo
Kwama
Kwegu
Majang
Mekan
Murle
Mursi
Nuer
Nyangatom
Shabo
Shanqella
Shita
Surma
Tirma
Weyto
Kunama
Nara
Eritrean Americans
Ethiopian Americans
Eritrean Canadians
Ethiopian Canadians
Eritreans in Norway
Eritreans in Sweden
Eritrea
Maekel Region (1)
Anseba Region (2)
Gash-Barka Region (3)
Debub Region (4)
Northern Red Sea Region (5)
Southern Red Sea Region (6)
Ethiopia
Homeland
Addis Ababa
Afar Region
Amhara Region
Benishangul-Gumuz Region
Dire Dawa
Gambela Region
Harari Region
Oromia Region
Ogaden-Somali Region
Southern Nations,
Nationalities, and People's Region
Tigray Region
Historical Provinces of
theEthiopian Empire
Arsi Province
Begemder
Gamu-Gofa
Gojjam
Hararghe
Illubabor Province
Kaffa Province
Shewa
Sidama Province
Tigray Province
Welega Province
Wollo Province
Bete Amhara
Assab
Dire Dawa
Eritrea Province
Ogaden
Tigray Province
Asosa Zone
Bale Province
Borena Zone
East Gojjam Zone
East Hararghe Zone

East Shewa Zone
Gambela Region
Illubabor Zone
Kaffa Province
Metekel Zone
North Gondar Zone
North Omo Zone
North Shewa Zone - North Shewa

Zone (Amhara)-North Shewa Zone
(Oromia)
North Wollo Zone
South Gondar Zone
South Omo Zone
South Shewa
Agame
Agawmeder
Amhara Province
Dawaro
Dembiya
Enderta Province
Fatagar Province
Hadiya Zone
Ifat
Lasta
Menz Province
Qwara Province
Semien Province
Tembien Province
Tselemt
Tsegede
Wag Province
Wegera
Hamasien
Akele Guzai
Barka
Denkalia
Gash-Setit
Sahl Province
Semhar
Serae
Kassala / Kassala (state)
Historical Kingdoms:
Dʿmt
Sultanate of Aussa
Kingdom of Aksum
Zagwe dynasty
Medri Bahri
Land of Punt
Ethiopian Empire
Kingdom of Shewa
Sultanate of Showa
Kingdom of Tankish
Sharkha
Kingdom of Qita'a
Kingdom of Nagash
Kingdom of Jarin
Sultanate of Dawaro
Kingdom of Bazin
Sultanate of Dahlak
Kingdom of Belgin
Sultanate of Bale
Sultanate of Ifat
Sultanate of Harar
Ajuran Sultanate
Adal Sultanate
Kingdom of Garo
Kingdom of Kaffa
Kingdom of Janjero
Adulis
United States[12][13]
Eritrean Americans: Little Ethiopia,

Los Angeles
Ethiopian Americans: Ethiopians in

Washington, D.C., History of
Ethiopian Americans in Baltimore,
Little Ethiopia, Los Angeles
Diaspora
Australia[33][34][35]
Canada[36][37][38][39]
Eritrean Canadians
Ethiopian Canadians
Denmark[21]
Germany[22][40][41]
Israel
Norway[25]
Eritreans in Norway
Sweden[26]
Eritreans in Sweden
United Kingdom[27][42][43]
Expand
Religions
* Christianity
Oriental Orthodoxy-Orthodox
Religions Tewahedo
Ethiopian Orthodoxy
Eritrean Orthodoxy
Protestantism-Evangelicalism
P'ent'ay:
Ethiopian-Eritrean Evangelicalism
Catholicism
Eritrean Catholicism
Ethiopian Catholicism[44]
Islam
Sunni
Judaism
Beta Israel (Ethiopian Jewish

ethno-religious group)
Traditional Faiths
Expand
Major Languages
Amharic, Tigrinya, Oromo, Somali,

Afar, Geʽez
Expand
Native Languages
*Languages of Ethiopia
Tigrinya
Languages Afar
Beja
Bilen
Kunama (Bitama)
Nara
Saho
Tigre (Dahalik)
Amharic
Argobba
Geʽez
Gurage
Harari
Inor
Mesqan
Muher
Sebat Bet Gurage
Siltʼe
Soddo
Tigrinya
Zay
Afar
Alaba
Ale
Arbore
Awngi
Baiso
Bussa
Burji
Daasanach
Dirasha
Gedeo
Hadiyya
Kambaata
Konso
Libido
Oromo
Qimant
Saho
Sidamo
Somali
Tsamai
Xamtanga
Aari
Anfillo
Bambassi
Basketo
Bench
Boro
Chara
Dime
Dizi
Dorze
Gamo-Gofa-Dawro
Ganza
Gayil
Hamer-Banna
Hozo
Kachama-Ganjule
Kafa
Karo
Koorete
Maale
Melo
Nayi
Oyda
Seze
Shekkacho
Sheko
Wolaytta
Yemsa
Zayse-Zergulla
Anuak
Berta
Daatsʼiin
Gumuz
Kacipo-Balesi
Komo
Kwama
Kwegu
Majang
Meʼen
Murle
Mursi
Nuer
Nyangatom
Opuuo
Shabo
Suri
Uduk
Expand
Foreign & Diaspora Languages
*English
Italian
Arabic
German
Swedish
Norwegian
Danish
French
Dutch
Hebrew
Finnish
Armenian
Chinese
Greek
Contents
1History
2Regions, zones, and districts
3Economy
4Related pages
5References
History[change | change source]
The Kingdom of Aksum, the first known kingdom of great power to rise in Ethiopia, rose during the first
century AD. The Persian religious figure Mani listed Axum with Rome, Persia, and China as one of the
four great powers of his time. It was in the early 4th century that a Syro-Greek castaway, Frumentius,
was taken to the court and over time changed King Ezana to Christianity, making Christianity Ethiopia's
religion. For this, he received the title "Abba Selama". At different times, including a time in the 6th
century, Axum ruled most of modern-day Yemen just across the Red Sea.
The line of rulers of the actual Axumite kings ended around 950 AD when they were overthrown by the
Jewish Queen Gudit;[45] then it was followed by the Zagwe dynasty for around 300 years. Around 1270
AD, the Solomonid dynasty came to control Ethiopia, claiming that they were related to the kings of
Axum (though their claim was unscientific, they were even southern Ethiopia people, like from Shewa
and such). They called themselves Neguse Negest ("King of Kings," or Emperor), basing their claims on
their direct relation to king Solomon and the queen of Sheba.[46]
During the rule of Emperor Lebna Dengel, Ethiopia made its first good contact with a European country,
Portugal in 1520. When the Empire was attacked by Somali General and Imam, Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-
Ghazi, Portugal responded to Lebna Dengel's request for help with 400 musketeers, helping his son
Gelawdewos beat al-Ghazi and remake his rule. However, Jesuit missionaries over time offended the
Orthodox faith of the local Ethiopians, and in the mid-17th century Emperor Fasilidos got rid of these
missionaries. At the same time, the Oromo people began to question the Ethiopian Christian authorities
in the Abyssinian territories, and wanted to keep their own religion.
All of this led to Ethiopia's isolation during the 1700s. The Emperors became figureheads, controlled by
warlords like Ras Mikael Sehul of Tigray. But Amharic is the national language of Ethiopia. Ethiopian
isolationism ended following a British mission that made friendship between the two nations; however,
it was not until the reign of Tewodros II that Ethiopia began to take part in world matters once again.
In 1896 Italy was decisively defeated in the battle of Adwa by Emperor Menelik; an Amhara Emperor
from the province of Shewa. This battle dispelled the notion that Europeans were superior and could not
be defeated by a black army. It gave rise to the Pan African movement, and hope to other African
countries who were conquered. This victory made Ethiopia the only African country to successfully repel
a European power during the Scramble of Africa. In 1936 Italy again attacked, and succeeded in
occupying Ethiopia until 1941. With British help the 5 year occupation ended and Emperor Haile Selassie
regained the throne.
Revolutionaries overthrew and killed the emperor in 1974. The resulting civil war lasted until 1991.
Eritrea became independent and later fought the Eritrean–Ethiopian War.
Regions, zones, and districts[change | change source]
Before 1996, Ethiopia was divided into 13 provinces. Ethiopia now has ethnically based regional
countries, zones, districts, and neighborhoods.
There are nine regions, sixty-eight zones and two chartered cities. Ethiopia is further divided into 550
woredas and several special woredas.
The nine regions and two chartered cities (in italics) are:
Addis Ababa Gambela
Afar Harari
Amhara Oromia
Benishangul-Gumuz Somali
Dire Dawa Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region
Tigray
Economy[change | change source]
Coffee sorting in Awasa
Coffee production is a longstanding tradition in Ethiopia.
Related pages[change | change source]
Ethiopia at the Olympics
Ethiopia national football team
List of rivers of Ethiopia
References[change | change source]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ethiopia.
↑ Shaban, Abdurahman. "One to five: Ethiopia gets four new federal working languages". Africa News.
↑ "Ethiopian Constitution".
↑ "Ethiopia". The World Factbook. CIA. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
↑ "Africa :: Ethiopia – the World Factbook – Central Intelligence Agency".
↑ "Zenawism as ethnic-federalism" (PDF).
↑ Cite error: The named reference CIA World Factbook was used but no text was provided for refs
named (see the help page).
↑ "World Population Prospects: The 2017 Revision". ESA.UN.org (custom data acquired via website).
United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 10 September
2017.
↑ "Country Level". 2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia. CSA. 13 July 2010. Archived from
the original on 8 February 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
↑ Jump up to: 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2020". IMF.org.
International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 1 December 2020.
↑ Selima, Jāhāna (2015). Work for human development (PDF). Human Development Report. United
Nations Development Programme. p. 232. ISBN 978-92-1-126398-5. OCLC 936070939.
↑ Human Development Report 2020 The Next Frontier: Human Development and the Anthropocene
(PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 15 December 2020. pp. 343–346. ISBN 978-92-1-
126442-5. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
↑ Jump up to: 12.0 12.1 Terrazas, Aaron Matteo (June 2007). "Beyond Regional Circularity: The
Emergence of an Ethiopian Diaspora". Migration Policy Institute. Retrieved 2011–11–25. Check date
values in: |accessdate= (help)CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
↑ Jump up to: 13.0 13.1 United States Census Bureau 2009–2013, Detailed Languages Spoken at Home
and Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over: 2009–2013, USCB, 30 November
2016,< https://www.census.gov/data/tables/2013/demo/2009-2013-lang-tables.html>.
↑ "The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS" (PDF). Australian
Bureau of Statistics. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-04-17. Retrieved 2017-08-26. CS1
maint: discouraged parameter (link)
↑ Australian Bureau of Statistics 2014, The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no.
2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016,
<https://www.border.gov.au/ReportsandPublications/Documents/research/people-australia-2013-
statistics.pdf Archived 2017-04-17 at the Wayback Machine>.
2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016, Archived 17 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine
↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (2013–02–05). "2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based

tabulations — Detailed Mother Tongue (232), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A)
and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas,
2011 Census". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 26 August 2017. Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint:
discouraged parameter (link)
↑ Statistics Canada, 2011 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98–314-XCB2011032
↑ Anon, 2016. 2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations | Detailed Mother Tongue (232),
Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding
Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas, 2011 Census. [online]
Www12.statcan.gc.ca. Available at: <http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/tbt-
tt/Rp-
eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=103
001&PRID=10&PTYPE=101955&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2011&THEME=90&VID=0&VNAM
EE=&VNAMEF=> [Accessed 2 Dec. 2016].
↑ Immigrant languages in Canada. 2016. Immigrant languages in Canada. [ONLINE] Available at:
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011003_2-eng.cfm.
[Accessed 13 December 2016].
↑ Jump up to: 21.0 21.1 "Population by country of origin". Statistics Denmark.
↑ Jump up to: 22.0 22.1 "Anzahl der Ausländer in Deutschland nach Herkunftsland". Das Statistik Portal.
↑ Roughly half of the Eritrean diaspora
↑ Amharas are estimated to be the largest ethnic group of estimated 20.000 Ethiopian
Germans|https://www.giz.de/fachexpertise/downloads/gtz2009-en-ethiopian-diaspora.pdf Archived
2018-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
↑ Jump up to: 25.0 25.1 "Immigrants and Norwegian-born to immigrant parents". Statistics Norway.
↑ Jump up to: 26.0 26.1 "Foreign-born persons by country of birth, age, sex and year". Statistics
Sweden.
↑ Jump up to: 27.0 27.1 "Ethiopian London". BBC. Retrieved 2008–12–06. Check date values in:
|accessdate= (help)CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
↑ pp, 25 (2015) United Kingdom. Available at: https://www.ethnologue.com/country/GB (Accessed: 30

November 2016).
↑ "United Kingdom". Ethnologue.com. Retrieved 26 August 2017. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter
(link)
↑ Trimingham, J. (2013). Islam in Ethiopia. Routledge. p. 23. ISBN 978-1136970221. Retrieved 19

September 2016. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
↑ Adejumobi, Saheed A. (2007). The History of Ethiopia. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 171.
ISBN 978-0-313-32273-0.
↑ Eusebius of Caesarea, the author of Ecclesiastical History in the 4th century, states that Saint Mark
came to Egypt in the first or third year of the reign of Emperor Claudius, i.e. AD 41 or 43 Otto Friedrich
August Meinardus (2002). Two Thousand Years of Coptic Christianity. American Univ in Cairo Press.
p. 28. ISBN 978-977-424-757-6.
↑ "The People of Australia Statistics from the 2011 Census, Cat. no. 2901.0, ABS" (PDF). Australian
Bureau of Statistics. 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-04-17. Retrieved 2017-08-26. CS1
maint: discouraged parameter (link)
2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016,
<https://www.border.gov.au/ReportsandPublications/Documents/research/people-australia-2013-
statistics.pdf Archived 2017-04-17 at the Wayback Machine>.
2901.0, ABS, 30 November 2016, Archived 17 April 2017 at the Wayback Machine
↑ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (2013–02–05). "2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based
tabulations — Detailed Mother Tongue (232), Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A)
and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas,
2011 Census". 12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 26 August 2017. Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint:
discouraged parameter (link)
↑ Statistics Canada, 2011 Census of Population, Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98–314-XCB2011032
↑ Anon, 2016. 2011 Census of Canada: Topic-based tabulations | Detailed Mother Tongue (232),
Knowledge of Official Languages (5), Age Groups (17A) and Sex (3) for the Population Excluding
Institutional Residents of Canada and Forward Sortation Areas, 2011 Census. [online]
Www12.statcan.gc.ca. Available at: <http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/tbt-
tt/Rp-
eng.cfm?LANG=E&APATH=3&DETAIL=0&DIM=0&FL=A&FREE=0&GC=0&GID=0&GK=0&GRP=1&PID=103
001&PRID=10&PTYPE=101955&S=0&SHOWALL=0&SUB=0&Temporal=2011&THEME=90&VID=0&VNAM
EE=&VNAMEF=> [Accessed 2 Dec. 2016].
↑ Immigrant languages in Canada. 2016. Immigrant languages in Canada. [ONLINE] Available at:
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/as-sa/98-314-x/98-314-x2011003_2-eng.cfm.
[Accessed 13 December 2016].
↑ Roughly half of the Eritrean diaspora
↑ Amharas are estimated to be the largest ethnic group of estimated 20.000 Ethiopian
Germans|https://www.giz.de/fachexpertise/downloads/gtz2009-en-ethiopian-diaspora.pdf Archived
2018-10-04 at the Wayback Machine
↑ pp, 25 (2015) United Kingdom. Available at: https://www.ethnologue.com/country/GB (Accessed: 30

November 2016).
↑ "United Kingdom". Ethnologue.com. Retrieved 26 August 2017. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter
(link)
↑ Trimingham, J. (2013). Islam in Ethiopia. Routledge. p. 23. ISBN 978-1136970221. Retrieved 19

September 2016. CS1 maint: discouraged parameter (link)
↑ "Gudit, a Jewish Queen of Aksum? Some Considerations on the Sources and Modern Scholarship, and
the Use of Legends".
↑ "The Legend of Queen Sheba, the Solomonic Dynasty and Ethiopian History: An Analysis".
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Ethiopia

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Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

Name in national languages

የኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ

Oromo: Rippabliikii Federaalawaa Dimokraatawaa Itiyoophiyaa

Somali: Jamhuuriyadda Dimuqraadiga Federaalka Itoobiya

Afar: ityoppiah federalih demokrasih ummuno

ናይኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዴሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ

Capital Addis Ababa

Regional languages[2] Sidama

Ethnic groups Tigrayans 7.3%

(2016[3]) Sidama 4.1%

• President Sahle-Work Zewde

• Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed

• Deputy Prime Minister Demeke Mekonnen

• Speaker of the House of Peoples'

• Supreme Court Chief Meaza Ashenafi

• Upper house House of Federation

• Dʿmt c. 980 BCE

• Kingdom of Aksum c. 100 CE

• Zagwe Dynasty 900

• Ethiopian Empire 1137

• Sovereignty restored 1941

• Provisional Military Government

• People's Democratic Republic of

• Secession of Eritrea 1993

• Current constitution 21 August 1995

• Water (%) 0.7

• 2016 estimate 102,403,196[7] (13th)

• 2007 census 73,750,932[8]

92.7/km2 (240.1/sq mi)

GDP (PPP) 2020 estimate

• Total $272 billion[9] (58th)

• Per capita $2,772[9]

GDP (nominal) 2020 estimate

• Total $96 billion[9] (61st)

• Per capita $974[9]

Currency Birr (ETB)

Time zone UTC+3 (EAT)

Driving side right

Calling code +251

ISO 3166 code ET

Internet TLD .et

Part of a series on the

National origin groups[show]

Ethiopian Jews in Israel

Eritreans in the United Kingdom

Ethiopians in the United Kingdom

** Maekel Region (1)

Anseba Region (2)

Gash-Barka Region (3)

Debub Region (4)

Northern Red Sea Region (5)

Southern Red Sea Region (6)

Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region

Historical Provinces of theEthiopian Empire

East Gojjam Zone

East Hararghe Zone

East Shewa Zone

North Gondar Zone

North Omo Zone

North Shewa Zone - North Shewa Zone (Amhara)-North