Using dilution factor in an Acid -

Base reactions
Experiment ( 3 )

Name : Abdulla Sadeq AL-Saegh

ID : 20165113
Section : 30
Exp no. 3

Exp title: Using dilution factor in an Acid - Base reactions .

Aim :
1. To prepare volumetric solutions by dilution of more concentrated solutions.

2. To determine an unknown concentration of sodium hydroxide solution

3. To acquire experience in applying solution stoichiometry rules to an acid – base

titration.

Introduction :
This experiment begins with the dilution of more concentrated solutions of 1.00M
hydrochloric acid and an unknown concentration of sodium hydroxide. The HCl
solution of known concentration will then be used to determine the
concentration of the base, NaOH, using phenolphthalein indicator.

A titration measures the volume of solution delivered from a buret. In this

experiment sodium hydroxide is titrated into a flask containing an acid. After a
sufficient amount of base is added to neutralize the acid in the flask, we will stop
the titration. This is termed the endpoint and is signaled by an indicator that
changes color. The indicator used in this experiment is phenolphthalein.
Phenolphthalein is colorless in acid and red-pink in base. A single drop of base is
sufficient to bring about the color change.

Reaction :
HCl (aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
Data and Results:
A (HCl Solution)
1. Molarity of HCl solution (M1) = 1M
2. Volume of HCl needed for dilution (V1) = 4ml
3. Total volume of diluted HCl (Vol of flask) (V2) = 100ml
4. Molarity of diluted HCl M2 = (M1*V1)/V2 = 0.04M

B (NaOH Solution)
5. Volume of NaOH needed for dilution (V1) = 10ml
6. Total volume of diluted NaOH (V ol of flask) = 100ml
7. Dilution Factor = (V2/V1) = 10
8.
Titration V1 V2 V3 V4
Final volume of NaOH (ml) 3.5 7.1 11 14.7
Initial volume of NaOH (ml) 0 3.5 7.1 11
Volume of NaOH (ml)
3.5 3.6 3.9 3.7
Final – Initial reading
Average volume of NaOH = Vavg = 3.675 ml

9. Equation of reaction = HCl (aq) + NaOH(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

10. Volume of HCl used in titration = VHCl = 10ml = 0.01L
11. No. of moles of HCl (nHCl) = M2 * VHCl = 0.04* 0.01 = 0.0004 mol
12. No. of moles of NaOH (nNaOH) = nHCl * (1mol NaOH / 1mol HCl) = 0.0004mol
13. Molarity of diluted NaOH (MNaOH) = nNaOH / Vavg = 0.1088 mol/L
14. Molarity of NaOH stock solution = MNaOH stock = MNaOH * dilution factor =
0.1088*10 = 1.088M
15. Molar Mass of NaOH = MMNaOH = 40 g/mol
16. Concentration of NaOH in g/L = MMNaOH * MNaOH stock = 43.52 g/L
Discussion:

In part A ,we pipette 4.0 mL of the stock 1.00 M HCl with distilled
water to make 100.0 mL of solution to dilution them . we pipette 10.0
mL of the concentrated sodium hydroxide solution with distilled water
to make 100.0 ml of solution to dilution them .
In part B, we found that the molarity of NaOH is 43.52 g/L.

Conclusion:

In this experiment, we found that the molarity of diluted HCl is 0.04M,

and the dilution factor is 10.

Also, we found that the average volume of NaOH is 3.675 ml, and we
used it to determine the molarity of the original NaOH, and it was
1.088M.