Assignment 2

2020-PHY-8

Transitions Quiz

Complete each paragraph by selecting the transition (word or phrase) that best fits in each blank.
Do not use the same transition more than once. Once you have made your selections, carefully
review your choices.

A vegetarian can be defined as someone who does not eat meat, fish, or other animal products,
such as eggs or cheese; 1) _instead__, he or she eats vegetables, fruits, grains, and seeds. 2)
_because__ this diet consists of non-meat food sources; a vegetarian typically consumes less fat
and cholesterol than an individual who consumes meat. 3) _consequently_, raising animals for
food uses valuable land, water, and energy. 4) _furthermore_, adopting a vegetarian diet helps
conserve the valuable resources that our future depends on.

1. A vegetarian can be defined as someone who does not eat meat, fish, or other animal
products, such as eggs or cheese; 1) _instead_, he or she eats vegetables, fruits, grains, and
seeds.

a) consequently
b) because
c) furthermore
d) instead
e) for example

2. _because_ this diet consists of non-meat food sources; a vegetarian typically consumes
less fat and cholesterol than an individual who consumes meat.

a) Consequently
b) Because
c) Furthermore
d) Instead
e) For example

3. _conseqiently_, raising animals for food uses valuable land, water, and energy.

a) Consequently
b) Because
c) Furthermore
d) Instead

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e) for example

4. _Furthermore_, adopting a vegetarian diet helps conserve the valuable resources that
our future depends on.

a) Consequently
b) Because
c) Furthermore
d) Instead
e) For example

5) _however_ many educators and parents have praised the Harry Potter series, some Christian
parents have called for a ban on the books in their schools and libraries. Some churches have
even gone as far as burning the books, citing biblical injunctions against witchcraft, 6) _such as_
those in Exodus and Leviticus. 7) _although_, some Christians believe the books are compatible
with Christianity, 8) _indeed__, that they embody basic Christian beliefs.

5. _however_ many educators and parents have praised the Harry Potter series, some
Christian parents have called for a ban on the books in their schools and libraries.

a) although
b) In addition
c) Such as
d) However
e) Indeed

6. Some churches have even gone as far as burning the books, citing biblical injunctions
against witchcraft, _such as__ those in Exodus and Leviticus.

a) although
b) in addition
c) such as
d) however
e) indeed

7. _although_, some Christians believe the books are compatible with Christianity,

a) Although
b) In addition
c) Such as
d) However
e) Indeed

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8. _indeed_, that they embody basic Christian beliefs.

a) Although
b) In addition
c) Such as
d) However
e) Indeed

Massive energy consumption is having a negative impact on the planet. 9) _for example_, in the
summer of 2006, Wsestern Europe experienced some of the hottest weather on record.
10)_unfortunately_, this temperature increase is not an isolated occurrence. 11)_In fact_, almost
every credible scientist today believes that the earth is experiencing climate change due to the
emissions of greenhouse gases from cars and coal-burning power plants. Ninety per cent of the
energy used in the US comes from fossil fuels, oil, coal, and natural gas (Borowitz 43), 12)_but_
problems arise from other sources, too (e.g., nuclear power plants leave radioactive by-products,
making storage difficult). 13)_moreover_, dams are not much better, as nearby populations must
be relocated, and the surrounding habitat is destroyed.

9. _for example_, in the summer of 2006, western Europe experienced some of the hottest
weather on record.

a) In fact
b) For example
c) Unfortunately
d) Moreover
e) But

10. _unfortunately_, this temperature increase is not an isolated occurrence.

a) In fact
b) For example
c) Unfortunately
d) Moreover
e) But

11. _infact_, almost every credible scientist today believes that the earth is experiencing
climate change due to the emissions of greenhouse gases from cars and coal-burning power
plants.

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a) In fact
b) For example
c) Unfortunately
d) Moreover
e) But

12. Ninety per cent of the energy used in the US comes from fossil fuels, oil, coal, and
natural gas (Borowitz 43), _but__ problems arise from other sources, too (e.g., nuclear
power plants leave radioactive by-products, making storage difficult).

a) in fact
b) for example
c) unfortunately
d) moreover
e) but

13. _moreover__, dams are not much better, as nearby populations must be relocated, and
the surrounding habitat is destroyed.

a) In fact
b) For example
c) Unfortunately
d) Moreover
e) But

14) _Recently_, studies investigating the pros and cons of single-sex versus coeducation schools
have come to public attention, 15)_and_ the results show some dramatic differences between the
genders. 16)_For example_, single-sex schools appear to help girls with their work habits;
17)_whereas_, boys achieve a higher success rate in a coeducational system. 18)_in other
words_, girls seem to work best when communication and co-operation are stressed, 19)_by
contrast_ boys may be more comfortable with individual and competitive styles of learning.

14. _Recently_, studies investigating the pros and cons of single-sex versus coeducation
schools have come to public attention,

a) Whereas
b) For example
c) By contrast
d) Recently
e) And
f) In other words

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15. _and__ the results show some dramatic differences between the genders.

a) Whereas
b) For example
c) By contrast
d) Recently
e) And
f) In other words

6. _for example_, single-sex schools appear to help girls with their work habits;

a) Whereas
b) For example
c) By contrast
d) Recently
e) And
f) In other words

17. _whereas_, boys achieve a higher success rate in a coeducational system.

a) Whereas
b) For example
c) By contrast
d) Recently
e) And
f) In other words

18. _in other words_, girls seem to work best when communication and co-operation are
stressed,

a) Whereas
b) For example
c) By contrast
d) Recently
e) And
f) In other words

19. _by contrast_ boys may be more comfortable with individual and competitive styles of
learning.

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a) Whereas
b) For example
c) By contrast
d) Recently
e) And
f) In other words

Example Essay
Read the persuasive essay and try to identify different types of transition signal used
to add cohesion.

Title: Consider Whether Human Activity has made the World a Better Place

History shows that human beings have come a long way from where they started. They have
developed new technologies which mean that everybody can enjoy luxuries they never
previously imagined. However, the technologies that are temporarily making this world a better
place to live could well prove to be an ultimate disaster due to, among other things, the creation
of nuclear weapons, increasing pollution, and loss of animal species. 

The biggest threat to the earth caused by modern human activity comes from the creation of
nuclear weapons. Although it cannot be denied that countries have to defend themselves, the
kind of weapons that some of them currently possess are far in excess of what is needed for
defence. If these weapons were used, they could lead to the destruction of the entire planet. 

Another harm caused by human activity to this earth is pollution. People have become reliant on
modern technology, which can have adverse effects on the environment. For example, reliance
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on cars causes air and noise pollution. Even seemingly innocent devices, such as computers and
mobile phones, use electricity, most of which is produced from coal-burning power stations,
which further adds to environmental pollution. If we do not curb our direct and indirect use of
fossil fuels, the harm to the environment may be catastrophic.

Animals are an important feature of this earth and the past decades have witnessed the extinction
of a considerable number of animal species. This is the consequence of human encroachment on
wildlife habitats, for example deforestation to expand human cities. Some may argue that such
loss of species is natural and has occurred throughout earth's history. However, the current rate
of species loss far exceeds normal levels, and is threatening to become a mass extinction event. 

In summary, there is no doubt that current human activities such as the creation of nuclear
weapons, pollution, and destruction of wildlife, are harmful to the earth. It is important for us to
see not only the short-term effects of our actions, but their long-term effects as well. Otherwise,
human activities will be just another step towards destruction. 

Examples: Reason:

Addition: Alternative:

Contrast: Conclude:

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