UNIVERSITI KUALA LUMPUR MALAYSIAN INSTITUTE

OF MARINE TECHNOLOGY (MIMET)

LEB 41403 WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS

GROUP L01

“MINI PROJECT”

MDM NOORAZLINA BINTI MOHAMID SALIH

NAME ID
FAKHRULLAH SUFI BIN 56213117200
KHAIROLNIZAM
AMMAR FIKHRI BIN 56213117186
MOHAMAD SHAHAIZAM
1.0 TITLE

Development of 5G smart antenna using MIMO & OFDM algorithm based on Malaysia
Telco Company.

2.0 OBEJECTIVE

i. To design 5G antenna that compatible with Malaysian telco company.

ii. To apply OFDM Techniques to reduce multipath Rayleigh Fading Channel.
iii. To evaluate Bit Error rate (BER) and signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio of the system.

3.0 INTRODUCTION

Multiple-input multiple-output, or MIMO, is a radio communications technology or

RF technology that is being mentioned and used in many new technologies these days. Wi-Fi,
LTE; Long Term Evolution, and many other radio, wireless and RF technologies are using
the new MIMO wireless technology to provide increased link capacity and spectral efficiency
combined with improved link reliability using what were previously seen as interference
paths. Even now many there are many MIMO wireless routers on the market, and as this RF
technology is becoming more widespread, more MIMO routers and other items of wireless
MIMO equipment will be seen.[1]

A channel may be affected by fading and this will impact the signal to noise ratio. In
turn this will impact the error rate, assuming digital data is being transmitted. The principle of
diversity is to provide the receiver with multiple versions of the same signal. If these can be
made to be affected in different ways by the signal path, the probability that they will all be
affected at the same time is considerably reduced. Accordingly, diversity helps to stabilise a
link and improves performance, reducing error rate.

In massive MIMO antennas can be used in conjunction to increase the gain of

transmitted signals. This means they radiate less power when transmitting data, making for a
more energy efficient system. User Tracking - The same thing that makes massive MIMO
energy efficient allows it to accurately track individual users.[2]
4.0 RESULT
5.0 DISCUSSION

Result figure 1 show start input signal 1010 placed into space time block coding.

Result figure 2 show about the transmitted signal needs to navigate a conceivably
troublesome condition with dispersing, reflection, refraction and so on and would then be
able to be additionally tainted by the receiver 's thermal noise implies that a portion of the
duplicates of the information got might be nearer to the first signal than others.

Result figure 3 shows the relation between times, amplitude and encode signal antenna
between four antennas that have been used to transmit the signals.

Expected result for other figures

Result figure 4 will get the QPSK which comes with binary on even and odd. If the binary
code that shown is 00 then it will get 0◦ and if 01 it will get 180◦. It will demodulate both
BPSK signals at Demodulator input. After transmission then these signals are transmitted to
the serial converter parallel.

Result figure 5 will probably create the frequency of signal modulated to the IFFT frequency
domain and noise of Rayleigh fading channel.

Result figure 6 will based on the result of the signal basically change of noise from 0 to 50
seconds. Additional noise from IFTT get the signal conversion to stable signal.

Result figure 7 will produce signal through FFT and implement to transform frequency
domain signal into a time domain signal so that can be transmitted sequentially over the
channel.

Result figure 8 will produce the signal from the 1st phase constant and 1 to 5, but in 2nd
phase the signal change because of the QPSK modulated and remain constant at 4 to 5. Next,
the 3rd phase the QPSK signal change for amplitude not stable and not produce a correct
amplitude for demodulated signal.
Result figure 9 using cyclic prefix as guard interval makes channel equalization easy to
implement. Guard time between adjacent symbols is inserted to eliminate ISI. No ISI will
occur if guard time is larger than delay spread.
Result figure 10 probably be the best signal and will be chosen at ADC that has lower BER
and higher SNR before transmitting from transmitter. It will convert the signal from digital to
analogue signal so it can be read in real world.

6.0 COMMERSIAL POTENTIAL/ VS BENEFIT USER

7.0 CONCLUSION
As conclusion for this project, student can learn to use several version of Matlab software as
the new version sometimes can’t read the coding that have been produce by the old version.
Next, student is able understand antenna 5 from basic OFDM through block diagram for
example frequency of signal is modulated to IFFT means converts frequency domain vector
signal to time domain vector signal. Next, students are able to design multiple antenna system
for high data rates signal transmission. This project be able study on how noise of Rayleigh
fading channel create and also can apply OFDM technique to reduce multipath Rayleigh
fading channel. Lastly, students also able to evaluate Bit Error Rate (BER) and signal to noise
ratio (SNR) of the system.
8.0 REFERENCES
[1] electronicsnotes,” antennas-propagation, mimo, mimo multiple input multiple output
wireless technology”
[2] Advantages of Massive MIMO for 5G Cellular Infrastructure, August 24, 2017