BUKIDNON STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF NURSING
Malaybalay City
DRUG STUDY

NAME OF DRUG CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE NURSING PRECAUTIONS

ACTION EFFECTS
LORAZEPAM Benzodiazepine Neurotransmitters ▪ drug used For intravenous and Commonly • Name confusion has
2mg orally in the brain, known to treat intramuscular use NOT reported si occurred between
Anxiolytic, as gamma- FOR USE IN de effects lorazepam and
every 8 hours conditions
as needed for aminobutyric acid NEONATES alprazolam; use
Sedative-hypnotic like of lorazep
agitation receptors (GABA), CONTAINS BENZYL caution.
anxiety, am include • Do not administer
are partly ALCOHOL Lorazepam
insomnia, : sedated intra-arterially;
responsible for Injection is
regulating sleep seizures contraindicated in
state. arteriospasm or
and Other side gangrene may result.
and feelings of patients with a known
muscle effects incl
relaxation and sensitivity to • Keep equipment to
spasms, to ude:
anxiety. Ativan benzodiazepines or its maintain a patent
control dizziness.
acts on these vehicle (polyethylene airway readily
receptors to slow agitation glycol, propylene available when drug is
down the central glycol, and benzyl given IV.
nervous system alcohol), in patients • Keep patients who
(CNS). This with acute narrow- have received
reduces excess angle glaucoma, or in parenteral doses under
agitation and patients with sleep close observation,
excitement in the apnea syndrome. It is preferably in bed, up
brain, inducing a also contraindicated in to 3 hr. Do not permit
calming and patients with severe ambulatory patients to
relaxing effect. By respiratory drive following an
depressing the insufficiency, except in injection.
CNS, Ativan is those patients requiring • WARNING: Taper
also able to lessen relief of anxiety. dosage gradually after
the intensity of long-term therapy,
anxiety and panic especially in patients
attacks. with epilepsy.
 BUKIDNON STATE UNIVERSITY
COLLEGE OF NURSING
Malaybalay City
DRUG STUDY

NAME OF DRUG CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING

ACTION PRECAUTIONS
HALOPERIDOL Anti-Psychotic • Alters the • Acute • Glaucoma • Extrapyramidal • assess mental
5mg orally every effects of psychotic • Elderly clients symptom such status prior to
8 hours as needed dopamine symptoms • Seizure as muscle and
for agitation in the CNS • Relieve disorder rigidity or periodically
• Also has hallucinations, spasm during therapy
anti- delusions and • Posture leaning • monitor bp and
cholinergic disorganized forward pulse prior to
and alpha- thinking • Masklike facial and frequently
adrenergic • Severe appearance during the
blocking anxiety • Blurred vision period of
activity • Urinary dosage
• Diminished frequency adjustment.
signs and • Anemia May cause QT
symptoms • Anorexia interval
of • Nausea and changes on
psychoses vomiting ECG
• observe client
carefully when
administering
medication
to ensure that
medication is
taken and not
hoarded
• Monitor I an O
ratios and daily
weight and
assess
 symptoms for
dehydration.

BUKIDNON STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF NURSING
Malaybalay City
DRUG STUDY

NAME OF DRUG CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE EFFECTS NURSING PRECAUTIONS
OF ACTION
• OLANZAPINE Anti-psychotic The mechanism Treatment of Hypersensitivity to Commonly • Monitor for the many
10 mg orally of action of Schizophrenia olanzapine or any reported side effects possible drug interaction
olanzapine, as and Bipolar of olanzapine include before beginning the
daily component of the therapy
with other drugs Disorder. In formulation : • Encourage the client to void
having efficacy Relatively asthenia, dizziness, d before taking the drug to
in Rare Cases, It rowsiness, decrease anti-cholinergic
schizophrenia, is Is Used as An extrapyramidal effects
unknown. Augmentation reaction, hyperkinetic
However, it has Strategy for muscle activity,
been proposed The akinesia, cogwheel
that this drug's Treatment of rigidity, drug-
efficacy in Depression. induced Parkinson’s
schizophrenia is disease, dyspepsia,
mediated mask-like face, and
through a xerostomia.
combination of
dopamine and
serotonin type 2
(5HT2)
antagonism.

BUKIDNON STATE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF NURSING
Malaybalay City
DRUG STUDY
NAME OF DRUG CLASSIFICATION MECHANISM INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION SIDE NURSING
OF ACTION EFFECTS PRECAUTIONS
VENLAFAXINE antidepressant Venlafaxine, It is used to Contraindications to venlaf nausea, Monitor for suicidal
75 mg XR orally belonging to a desvenlafaxine treat major axine includes concurrent headache, thoughts or actions,
daily group of drugs , and depressive use of monoamine oxidase somnolence, especially in children
called selective duloxetine are disorder, inhibitors. Clinicians and dizziness and young adults.
serotonin and .
marketed generalized should not
norepinephrine representatives anxiety use venlafaxine if there is a
reuptake inhibitors
of disorder, history of anaphylaxis, and
(SSNRIs).
antidepressants panic caution is necessary when
whose disorder, and combining venlafaxine wit
mechanism of social h other serotonin
action phobia. It modulators.
is serotonin may also be
and used for
norepinephrine chronic pain.
transporter It is taken by
antagonism (at mouth.
higher doses,
paroxetine,
usually
classified as an
SSRI, acts as a
serotonin and
norepinephrine
reuptake
inhibitor).