V.

Types of simple sentences

 a) Statements
 b)Questions
 c)Commands
 d) Exclamations

a) Statement: These are sentences in which the

subject is always present and generally precedes the
verb.
Eg : My new car is black
I‘m ill
b) Questions : + Yes – No Questions
+ Wh - Questions
+ Alternative Questions

1. Yes – No Questions
* - General Yes – No questions
Eg : Can we stop it now ?
Does he like Mary ?

- Yes-no questions with positive orientation:

Eg: Did someone call last night?
 - Yes-no questions with negative orientation:
Eg: Does no one believe me?
Isn’t your car working ?

* Tag questions
- Rising tone = neutral assumption
Eg: He can do these, can’t he?

- Falling tone:

Positive assumption + positive expectation

Eg:You know him, don’t you? (positive

assumption)
Yes, I do. ( positive expectation)

Negative assumption + negative expectation

Eg: They haven’t finished it, have they? ( negative

assumption)

No, they haven’t. ( negative expectation)

* Declarative Questions

Eg: They’ve spoken to the ambassaor ?

Boris wil be there, I suppose ?

 * Exclamatory Questions
- Negative Yes –No question
Eg: Wasn’t it a marvelous concert!

- Positive Yes/ No questions

Eg: Did he look annoyed!

Am I angry!

2. Wh – Questions

- Wh – questions with wh – word pronouns: who,

whom, whose, which, and what.

 Who went there with her? (Wh-word = S)

 Who(m) did he talk to? (Wh-word = Od)

 Which book have you lent him? (Wh-

word = pre-modifier)

 Whose beautiful antiques are they? (Wh-

word = determiner& Q element =Cs)
  Who did you lent to book to? (Wh-
word = Oi)

Wh – questions with wh – word adverbs: when,

where, how, why and how + adj / adv.
 When will you come back? (A time)

 Where should I put these? (A place)

 Why aren’t they coming? (A reason)

 How did they mend it? (A manner)

 How long has she been waiting? (wh –
word = A time duration)
 How often did she visit London? (wh –
word = A frequency)
 How much does he care? (wh – word = A
intensifying)

3 .Alternative Questions.
Eg 1 :
A: Shall we go by bus or train ?
 B: By Bus

Eg 2 :Would you like tea, coffee, or milk?

c) Commands
Commands are sentences that make use of the
imperative mood in the main, or sometimes of
questions with the initial modal – particularly
with invitations or requests.
1. Commands without a subject
Eg :
Positive : Now wash your hands!
Put it on the table!
Negative: Shut up, boy !
Don't be late!
Don’t get angry!
2. Commands with a subject
- ‘You’ as subject
Eg : You keep out of this!
- Indefinite Pronoun
Eg:
Positive : Everybody look!
Relax, everybody.
Negative : Nobody move!
- Commands with LET
Eg:
Positive :
It is a beautiful day. Let's go to the park for a
picnic.
Let's go to the supermarket this afternoon.
Let's get married!
Negative:
Let's not play tennis together again!
Let's not watch television tonight.
Don’t let’s open the door!

d) Exclamations

-Full exclamation

What + NP + ...!
Eg : What a time we’ve had today!

How + Adj./ Adv....!

Eg: How fast he drove his car!

- Short exclamation
What + NP!
Eg : What a mess!
How + Adj.!
Eg: How difficult!
Adj. only
Eg: Fantastic!
Wonderful!