110 Pressure transient control

7
Pi pe Length Diameter Figure 10 F igu re 10 Fig ur e 1 2 6

1 10 m 125 mm
2 4m 100 mm 50mm trap 50mm trap 5 0 m m t r a p/ P A PA
3 10 m 12 5mm
4 4m 1 00m m 50mm tr ap 50mm t rap 5 0 mm t rap 5 4
5 10 m 125mm
6 4m 1 0 0 mm 50 m m t ra p A AV 5 0 mm t r ap
7 10m 1 25m m Cl o s ed Closed Open

3 2

Figure 8 Schematic system layout for Figures 10 and 12

may also be defined by reference to the
essential surge suppression and control con-
cepts discussed previously. The most impor-
tant criterion has to do with the prevention of
leakage into habitable space. This dictates
that whatever attenuator is designed it must
not allow sewer gas or any other contami-
nated airflow to exit the drainage network.
Thus a simple outwards relief valve is ex-
cluded, unless it discharges outside the build-
ing in a sufficiently remote location that re-
entry of displaced gas is not possible. This
therefore implies a containment vessel, see
Figure 11.

Figure 9 The air admittance valve operates to allow an air inflow when the local system pressure falls to below a preset
subatmospheric level. The valve closes as the local pressure recovers
 100

AAV on pipe 6.
50

- 50 AAV
AAV closes
- 100 opens

Pressure, mm watergauge
No AAV on pipe 6
- 150
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Time , s e cond s
Figure 10 Comparative pressure in pipe 7 during and following an appliance discharge with the upper termination blocked and with and without an
operational AAV on pipe 6
JA Swaffield et al. 111