Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________

Name of Teacher: ________________________

STE-GE–Q2–W2-05

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF PASAY CITY

PASAY CITY WEST HIGH SCHOOL

MODULE IN GEOMETRY
STE- Grade 8
Second Quarter/ Week 2 / Day 2

OBJECTIVE: Illustrates perpendicular lines

YOUR LESSON FOR TODAY:

• Illustrating Perpendicular Lines

In this lesson, you will learn the different ways on how to show the concept of
perpendicular lines by using lines, rays and segments.

TRY TO DISCOVER!

Consider the figures below.

➢ ⃡𝐴𝐵 and ⃡𝐶𝐷, ⃡𝑃𝑄 and 𝑅𝑆

⃡ , ⃡𝑀𝑁 and ⃡𝐾𝐿 have points in common. These are intersecting
lines.

➢ Angle pairs such as linear pairs, vertical angles, right angles and congruent angles are
formed.

➢ In figures 2 and 3, the two lines are perpendicular . Thus we have,

⃡ ⊥ 𝑅𝑆
𝑃𝑄 ⃡ , ⃡
𝑀𝑁 ⃡
⊥ 𝐾𝐿

A line, ray, or line segment is perpendicular to another line, ray, or segment if they
intersect and form a right angle. The point of intersection is called the foot of the
perpendicular.
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

̅̅̅̅ is the perpendicular

𝐶𝐷
bisector of ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵.

A perpendicular bisector of a line segment is a line, ray, or line segment perpendicular

to the line segment at its midpoint.

➢ If two lines are perpendicular (⊥), then

pairs of adjacent angles are congruent.

Since ⃡𝑘 ⊥ ⃡𝑟, then ∠1 is a right angle and

m∠1 = 90. ∠1 and ∠2 form a linear pair,
thus ∠2 is the supplement of ∠1 and
m∠2 = 90. Therefore, ∠1 ≅ ∠2. The same
reasoning applies to the other three pairs
of adjacent angles.
r
➢ If two lines are perpendicular, then all four
angles formed are congruent.
t
𝑟 ⊥ ⃡𝑡, ∠1 and ∠2 form a linear pair.
Since ⃡
Hence, ∠2 is a right angle.
Therefore, ∠1 ≅ ∠2, ∠2 ≅ ∠3, ∠3 ≅ ∠4,
∠4 ≅ ∠1.

➢ If two lines are perpendicular, then all angles

they form are right angles.

To explain this statement, we simply show that

all angles are congruent and that each measure
90°.
➢ If two lines intersect to form a pair of congruent
adjacent angles, then the lines are perpendicular.

Since ∠1 ≅ ∠2, then m∠1 = m∠2.

m
But ∠1 and ∠2 form a linear pair, therefore they
are supplementary. Each must then measure 90°
and therefore, a right angle. Thus, by definition of
⃡ ⊥ 𝑚
perpendicularity, 𝑘 ⃡.
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

ARE YOU READY TO PRACTICE

1. Study the figure and answer the questions that follow.

• Which figure shows a perpendicular line but not a bisector? a

• Which figure shows a perpendicular bisector? b
• Which figure shows a bisector but not perpendicular? d
• Which figure shows a line that is not perpendicular and not a bisector? c

2. Line l is perpendicular to line m forming ∠1, ∠2, ∠3, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ∠4. What is your conclusion about
these angles?
Answer: The angles are right angles.

3. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑁 ⊥ ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝑊 𝑖𝑛 △ 𝑊𝑀𝐻. What is the pair of congruent adjacent angles?

Answer: ∠𝑴𝑵𝑯 and ∠𝑴𝑵𝑾

4. 𝑃𝐵 ⊥ 𝑃𝑆; 𝑃𝑅 ⊥ 𝑃𝐴 𝑎𝑡 𝑃. If 𝑚∠𝐴𝑃𝑆 = 28°, find:

a. 𝑚∠𝐵𝑃𝑆 = _____
b. 𝑚∠𝐵𝑃𝐴 = _____
c. 𝑚∠𝑅𝑃𝐴 = _____
d. 𝑚∠𝐵𝑃𝑅 = _____
e. 𝑚∠𝑅𝑃𝑆 = _____

Answers: a. 90 b. 62 c. 90 d. 28 e. 118

PRACTICE EXERCISE 1:

⃡
𝑀𝑁 ⃡ 𝑎𝑡 𝐴. 𝐴𝐶 ⊥ 𝐴𝐷 . 𝑚∠𝐶𝐴𝑅 = 45.
⊥ 𝑅𝑆

1. 𝑚∠𝑀𝐴𝑆 = _____
2. 𝑚∠𝐶𝐴𝑀 = _____
3. 𝑚∠𝑆𝐴𝑁 = _____
4. 𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝑁 = _____
5. 𝑚∠𝐶𝐴𝐷 = _____
6. 𝑚∠𝑅𝐴𝐷 = _____
7. 𝑚∠𝑀𝐴𝐷 = _____
8. 𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝑆 = _____
9. 𝑚∠𝐶𝐴𝑁 = _____
10. 𝑚∠𝐶𝐴𝑆 = _____
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

PRACTICE EXERCISE 2:

Based on the figure below, write whether the statements that follow are TRUE or
FALSE.
⃡ ⊥ 𝑅𝑇
In the figure 𝐵𝑄 ⃡ , 𝐵𝑇
⃡ ⊥ ⃡𝑍𝑈, 𝑈 is the midpoint of 𝐵𝑇
⃡ .

_____1. ⃡𝑄𝑆 ⊥ 𝑆𝑇
⃡ _____6. ⃡𝑆𝑄 ⊥ 𝑅𝑇
⃡
_____2. 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠2 = 90 _____7. ∠𝑍𝑆𝐵 is a right angle
⃡ ⊥ 𝐵𝑇
_____3. 𝑍𝑆 ⃡ _____8. ∠2 and ∠6 are complementary
_____4. ⃡𝐵𝑈 ≅ 𝑈𝑇
⃡ _____9. ∠4 ≅ ∠1
_____5. 𝑚∠𝑄𝑆𝑇 = 90 _____10. 𝑚∠1 + 𝑚∠6 = 90

SUMMING UP

• Perpendicular lines are two lines that intersect to form right angles.

• A perpendicular bisector of a line segment is a line, ray, or line

segment perpendicular to the line segment at its midpoint.

PRACTICE EXERCISE 3:

In the figure, m∠𝐴𝐷𝐵 = 90, m∠𝐴𝐵𝐶 = 90, m∠𝐵𝐸𝐷

= 90, ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐷 ≅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝐷.

1. Which pairs of line segments are perpendicular?

2. Name 5 right angles.
𝐵𝐷 related to ̅̅̅̅
3. How is ̅̅̅̅ 𝐴𝐶 ?
̅̅̅̅?
̅̅̅̅ related to 𝐴𝐵
4. How is 𝐷𝐸

Integrated the Development of the Following Learning Skills:

1. Communication Skills
A. Understanding of words / vocabulary: perpendicular, bisector
B. Following instructions / directions:
C. Reasoning
D. Responding to ideas
2. Critical Thinking 4. Character
A. Observation A. Honesty
B. Analysis B. Accuracy
C. Explanation C. Working Independently
3. Creativity D. Patience
A. Problem Solving
B. Writing
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________

EVALUATION:

Read each question carefully. Choose the letter that corresponds to the best
answer.

1. What kind of angle is formed by two perpendicular lines?

A. acute C. right
B. obtuse D. Cannot be determined

2. What name is given to a line or segment or ray which is perpendicular to a segment

at its midpoint?

A. altitude C. midpoint
B. median D. perpendicular bisector

3. What is the sum of the measures of the two angles formed by perpendicular lines?

A. one right angle C. three right angles

B. two right angles D. four right angles

4. ∆ABC is an equilateral triangle and points X, Y and Z are midpoints of ̅̅̅̅

𝐵𝐶 , ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶
̅̅̅̅ respectively. What is the perpendicular bisector of 𝐴𝐵
and 𝐴𝐵 ̅̅̅̅?

̅̅̅̅
A. 𝐴𝑋 ̅̅̅̅
C. 𝐶𝑋
B. ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝑌 D. ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝑍

5. Which is the perpendicular bisector of ̅̅̅̅

𝐵𝐶 ?

̅̅̅̅
A. 𝐴𝑋 ̅̅̅̅
C. 𝐶𝑋
B. ̅̅̅̅
𝐵𝑌 D. ̅̅̅̅
𝐶𝑍

Prepared by:

Digna B. de Leon
Pasay City West High School

References for Further Enhancement:

1. Geometry by Efren Lopez Valencia, et.al., pages 39 – 40
2. Geometry Textbook for Third Year Third Year by Julieta G. Bernabe, et.al., pages 70 - 72
Name: _________________________________ Grade & Section: __________________
Name of Teacher: ________________________