SHREYASH BHIMANWAR

111907050
ENTC

Experiment No. 7

Oscillator feed back circuits

OBJECTIVE
To simulate and design different types of oscillator feed back circuits like RC tank circuit,
colpitts and Hartley oscillator feed back circuit.

EQUIPMENTS
1. PC with Multisim software
2. Connecting wires
3. Resistors
4. Capacitors
5. DMM
6. Function Generator
7. CRO

THEORY

Oscillator circuits are basically self wave or frequency generating circuits they don’t require any
power supply or active source to generate the periodic signal. They are able to produce continues
signal of some type without need of input. These type of circuits usually used in many
applications like communication system , digital system including computers.
Required conditions for oscillator circuits:
1) Product of open loop gain and gain of feed back should equal to 1.
2) There should be a positive feed back for an oscillator circuit from the output side.
3) There should be a phase shift of either 0 deg or 360 deg or multiple of 360 deg. between
input and output.
Types of oscillators:
1) RC phase shift tank oscillator circuits:
These are series parallel combination of capacitor and resistances applied to back of amplifier
circuits. They can produce require phase shift for phase shift condition.( 0 or 360 n) in case of
common emitter transitor, it produces 180 deg phase shift and feed back circuit produces 180 deg
with the 3 series , parallel combination of resistances and capacitor. i.e. 60-60 deg phase shift
RC tank circuits. The frequency produce by this circuit is given by:
F = 1/ 2 π (6)^0.5 RC ( it is in the audio range 20 Hz to 20000 Hz)
 2) Collpits oscillator circuit:
It consist of capacitors in series and all are in parallel with the one inductor.
Frequency of this circuit is given by:
F= 1/ 2 π ( LCeq)^0.5 ( it produces the frequency beyond audio range i.e. above 20000Hz)
3) Hartley oscillator circuit:
It consist of inductors in series all in parallel with one capacitor.
Frequency given by: f = 1/ 2 π ( LeqC)^0.5 ( produces frequency more than collpits)
Circuit digram:

RC tank oscillator circuit

Collpits oscillator with random values.

Colpitts oscillator Circuit getting from Correcting values of L and C for stable
frequency waveform

Hartley oscillator with random capacitor and inductor values.

Hartley oscillator circuit with corrected values of L and c.

Observations and calculations

1) Output across the circuit consist of RC tank phase shift circuit:

Calculations:

2) Output across colpitts oscillator circuit consisting of random elements L and C:

Calculation:
This is frequency calculation for distorted waveform for the stable waveform:
waveform across the colpitts circuit consisting of corrected values of L and C:

Frequency of this wave: 1/ T = 10^6 / 32.197 = 32 khz

3) Output across Hartley oscillator circuit consisting of random elements L and C:

Conclution and result

Simulation thus showns that oscillators donot reqiure any any external input for
prodcing sinusoidal output.
It also showas that out put of different oscillator circuits lie within the following
ranges.
Types of oscillator Range of output of oscillator

RC tank filter oscillator feed back Audible range ( 20 Hz to 20000 Hz)

Colpitts feed back oscillator Greater than audible range ( above 20

Khz)

Hertley feed back oscillator Greater than audible and also greater
than colpitts .

It is also seen that there are some differences in the values of practical calculated
values of frequency from the output waveform and calculated frequency
theoretically. This is due to approximation done while choosing the components.