CPMS COLLEGE OF NURSING

PROCEDURE

ON

PERFORMING AN INTRAVENOUS INJECTION

SUBJECT: CHILD HEALTH NURSING

SUBMITTED TO :- SUBMITTED BY:-

Ma’am Archana Das Thaudem Mayarani Devi

Associate Professor M.sc Nursing 1stYear

M.sc Nursing Child Health Nursing Child Health Nursing

CPMS College of Nursing CPMS College of Nursing

DATE OF SUBMISSION: 20/05/2020

Name of the procedure : Performing an Intravenous Injection

Introduction:
Intravenous is a term that means within the vein. Thus, is the introduction of a medication into the
veins necessary for treatment purpose.

Definition:
When the medications are introduced through the venous routes, it is known as intravenous
injection. These routes are used when medication are introduced in high serum concentration and
specifically prescribed by this route only.

Purpose:
 To get rapid and systemic effect of the drug.
 To provide the needed effect even when the patient is unconscious.
 Assures that the total dosage will be administered and the same will be absorbed for the
systemic action of the drug.
 Provides only means of administration for medications that cannot be given orally.

Indication:
 Neonates with hypoglycaemia, requiring high glucose infusion rates (>4-6/kg/min)
 Electrolyte disturbances: Hyponatraemia, hyperthermia, hyperkalemia.
 Post-surgical patients with drains or suctioning from gastrointestinal tract.
 Total parental nutrition (TPN) solutions.

Contraindication:
 IV access should be attempted as distal as possible.
 Avoid veins that cross over joints, local infection/ injury.
 Extremities with renal shunts or fistulas.

Sites for Intravenous Infusion and Injection:

There are various routes of IV administration of drugs in children, such as:

 Frontal vein
  Superficial temporal vein
 Posterior auricular vein
 Internal and external jugular vein
 Subclavian vein
 Axillary vein
 Basilic vein
 Cephalic vein
 Superficial dorsal vein
 Umbilical vein
 Femoral vein
 Great saphenous vein
 Dorsal vein

Fig: Sites of IV injection

General Instruction:
 Give injections only on the doctor’s written orders.
 Always inform the parents what procedure is to be done inorder to achieve co-operation.
 Follow strict aseptic techniques.
 Observe the “Ten rights” of the administrations of medicine.
 Never use a drug whose expiry date is over.
 Always maintain a good interpersonal relationship with the patient inorder to co-operate
during the procedure.
 Always have the patient relaxed and placed in a comfortable position.
 Expel the air from the syringe before the injection.
Nurse’s Responsibility in the Administration of Intravenous Injection
Preliminary Assessment

 Check the diagnosis and age of the patient.

 Check the purpose of injection.
 Check the physician’s order.
 Check the patient’s name, bed number, and other identification.

Articles Required
A tray containing

 Syringes and needles

 Sterile gauze piece
 Spirit swabs
 Kidney tray
 Distilled water
 Drug ordered
 Filter

Preparation of Patient and Environment

 Identify the patient correctly.
 Explain the procedure to the patient.
 Restraint the site of injection.
 As far as possible avoid meal timings.
 Keep attention of the patient away from the injection by friendly conversations.

Steps of the Procedure

1. Select the medication.
2. Wash hands.
3. Prepare the medication.
4. Select the appropriate syringe.
5. Select the solvent.
6. Recheck the order, treatment chart with the label of medicine, expiry date, etc.
7. Calculate the dosage of the medication, the amount of solvent to be added to obtain the
required dosage.
 Drug to be administered = Required Dose (mg) x Amount of solvent (ml)

Total Dose (mg)

- Take the solvent in the syringe and introduce it into the vial.

- Mix the powder with the solvent by rotating the vial in the palm of hand.

- When mixed well, take out the required amount of solution in the syringe.

Prepare the site for Injection

 Clean the cannula with spirit swab.
 Place sterile gauze piece under the cannula.
 Flush the cannula with distilled water.
 Inject the drug slowly.
 Flush the cannula with the distilled water.

Drug Calculation
 Young’s formula :

Age of the child in year x Adult dose

Age of the child in year +12

 Clark’s formula:

Weight of the child pounds x Adult dose

150

After Care of the Patient and Article

 Help the patient to dress up and take a comfortable position.
 Watch for the signs and symptoms of allergic reaction.
 Take all articles in duty room. Wash with the cold water first and then with warm soapy
water.
 Clean all other articles and replace them in their proper place.
 Wash hands.
 Record the procedure on the nurse’s record.