Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Open University

Lopez, Quezon

In partial fulfilment of the Requirements in

Comparative Educational Systems: e-Education Approach (MEM 646)

For the Degree Masters in Education Management

Submitted by:

Jerralyn Cortez – Alva

Submitted to:

Dr. Marissa Baybay

09 June 2019
Comparative Educational Systems: e-Education Approach

Table of Contents

I. Introduction............................................................................................................................... 3
II. Discussion of the Topics..........................................................................................................4
The Role of Education in Economic Development...................................................................4
The Role of Education in Political Development.......................................................................5
The Role of Education in Social Development.........................................................................7
III. Writer’s Analysis..................................................................................................................... 8
IV. Bibliography........................................................................................................................... 9

Page 2
Comparative Educational Systems: e-Education Approach

I. Introduction

Education in every sense is one of the fundamental factors of development. No

country can achieve sustainable economic development without substantial investment

in human capital. Education enriches people’s understanding of themselves and world.

It improves the quality of their lives and leads to broad social benefits to individuals and

society. Education raises people’s productivity and creativity and promotes

entrepreneurship and technological advances. In addition, it plays a very crucial role in

securing economic and social progress and improving income distribution.

Education is not only an institution but also a procedure taken place in society. If

these concepts are ordered in terms of their functions, the society is aim and the

education is an avoidable tool to make this aim come true. Development and

improvement are based in socio economic decisions of the politicians to improve the

welfare of individuals. At the present day, development and improvement, not only on

people’s material needs, the development of their social conditions, is related to the

realization of their hopes. Educational programs and policies play a pivotal role in this

social and individual progress. Social progress clearly indicates a general development

in the community in terms of economic, political and social aspects. In sociological

terminology, social development is used for a concept displaying all positive

developments in the social construct. To put it differently, this is to state a society which

is considered to be progressing and changing from a fairly less decent situation to a

favourably better conditions with respect to economic, social and political issues. One of

the mechanisms which provides and maintain this renewal is education. Thus, to

Page 3
Comparative Educational Systems: e-Education Approach

understand the role of education in sustaining economic, political and social

developments of a country, this paper highlights the significance and contributions of

education in the development and improvement of one nation.

II. Discussion of the Topics

The Role of Education in Economic Development

Education plays a major role in the economic development of any country, may it

be developed or developing. Many resources play a part in the growth of a country’s

economy one of which and perhaps the most important in human capital. A good and

productive workforce by making use of other resources can lead an economy in to

growth and prosperity.

One of the major factors in developing human capital is education. Therefore,

education is one of the most important factors that lead a country to sustained economic

growth. Education has therefore become a very important part of every government

policy.

There are several studies conducted in some of the developing countries and

found out that the quantitative evidence proves primary education and the openness of

the economy are factors for accelerating economic growth. The results show that the

real GDP growth and per capita income are in a positive relationship with the primary

school enrollment-labor force ratio. Therefore it is concluded that education is a

foundation stone for the development of a country. It is certain that the government

Page 4
Comparative Educational Systems: e-Education Approach

should put all efforts to provide primary education to everyone of age that needs it and

then it can head off to the path of economic growth. More educated worker end up in

wage employment and also prefer to do non-agricultural business. And the educated

the person, the more he is inclined towards wage employment and leads them to work

in a higher income opportunity. Higher education produces skilled labor which reaps

greater rewards compared to less educated workforce. These rewards are gained

through international trade which is very important for any developing country. It is

proved that education and economic growth have strong positive relation and in order to

gain economic strength every country should spend time and money in the educational

sector.

The Role of Education in Political Development

The relationship between education and politics is important, they are players in

the same game and the two are interdependent. Politics is both a study and skill as to

how power is exercised, and by whom and for who’s to be benefited, through the

administration of public power, to manage people’s affairs. Politics is an integral part of

the operation of public education. Politics in education is not just about members or

local school councils but it is an integral part of day-to-day life.

In today’s society, we face the need for even greater change. We need even

more highly skilled people so we can compete in a global economy, and we understand

better the social consequences for individuals and society when children are failed at

school. Across the political spectrum there is a view that we need an education system

Page 5
Comparative Educational Systems: e-Education Approach

that has universal high standards and is inclusive, and the public have far higher

expectations than used to be the case.

Education has a good record of delivering what society asks of it, but the

enormity of the demands now means that we need a better way of framing the

discussion between practitioner, researchers, and politicians. A historical review is

made to know the role of education in development. The review includes the recent

interest in political education and the role of the hidden curriculum. From the position

that political development is an individualised concept, the inter-relationship with

education is explored. To provide structure to the analysis, a model of political

development is derived. The model uses three interdependent parameters;

participation, social mobilisation and vulnerability. Participation is described in terms of

the individual’s opportunities to interact with, and influence the socio-political

environment. Social mobilisation is described in terms of opportunities in the

environment and the use made of these by the individual. Vulnerability is described in

terms of constraints which impede and distort socio-political relationships. The model is

offered as a means whereby analysis of the interface between political development

and related social phenomena may be facilitated. The interface between political

development and education is then explored using the model as a structuring device

(Burton, 1981).

In conclusion, education made a big part in political development. Thus, it is

necessary for one government to promote laws and policies to enrich the educational

system of their country. It provides not only benefits for individuals but also for the

growth of economic and social factors of a nation.

Page 6
Comparative Educational Systems: e-Education Approach

The Role of Education in Social Development

Education is one of the most important means to improve personal endowments,

build capabilities, overcome constraints and in the process, enlarge available set of

opportunities and choices for a sustained improvement of well-being. Human

development encompasses development in several dimensions of human well being.

Social development is one of the important dimensions. The process of education and

attainments thereof has an impact on all aspects of life.

Social development first attracted widespread attention through the principles set

out in the millennium development goals of the United Nations in 1995 (the

Copenhagen Declaration – “World Summit for Social Development”). Midgley (1995)

conceives social development as a “process of planned social change designed to

promote the well-being of the population as a whole in conjunction with a dynamic

process of economic development”. The goal of social development in the context of

modern welfare is to produce a social well-being that makes people capable of acting

and making their own decisions in the broadest sense.

Gould (1993) opines that the rapid expansion of education over the last three

decades is one of the most outstanding achievements of the developing world. His

survey reveals that expansion of education has greatly contributed to the quality of life,

economic and social development. The text concludes with an overview of the social

effects of education and also specifies its failure to meet the aspirations of all individuals

and communities.

Page 7
Comparative Educational Systems: e-Education Approach

Education plays major role in everyone life without education a person will not

get far in life. Education prepares a person to adapt to new skills and value that will be

very essential in today society. There are many reasons to believe that increased

educational opportunity and achievement leads to social progress. When education is

successful, it enables individuals not merely to exercise their agency in participating in

economic, civic, and humanistic activity but also to shape or re-shape our economic,

civic, and humanistic life.

III. Writer’s Analysis

Education plays a vital role in the development and improvement of a country’s

economic, political and social factors. Education provides a foundation for growth, the

groundwork on which much of our economic and social well being is built. No economic

growth is possible without good education. A balanced economic system promotes not

only economic growth, but productivity, and generates individual income per capita.

Education can be a vehicle for equity and greater social inclusion, or when

absent, poorly delivered or unfairly distributed, a vehicle for injustice and greater social

exclusion. Overall, education is about the unleashing of human capabilities for the

achievement of economic, political and social progress in promoting the nations’

stabilize development.

Page 8
Comparative Educational Systems: e-Education Approach

IV. Bibliography

Burton, L. M., (1981). The impact of education on political development. Doctoral thesis,
Institute of Education, University of London

Essays, UK. (Nov.2018). The role of education in economic development. Retrieved

from https://www.ukessays.com/essays/economic/the-role-of-education-in-
economic

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1137541

Moriss, E., (2012). Managing change – The relationship between education and politics.
Keynote speech at the Inaugural IEE Conference to practitioners and
policy makers.

Ozturk, Ilhan.,(2008). The Role of Education in Economic Development: A Theoretical

Perspective. Journal of Rural Development and Administration. Cag
University

Spiel, C. & Reich, R., Chapter 19 – How can Education Promote Social Progress.

https://comment.ipsp.org/chapter/chapter-19-how-can-education-promote-
social-progress

Venkatraja, B., & Indira, M., (2011). Role of Education in Social Development: An
Empirical Analysis. Madhya Pradesh Journal of Social Sciences

Page 9