Security & surv

sur veillance

Closed Cir
Ci rcuit
Television (CCTV)

BUILDING SERVICES II 31st March 2015

 

Structure of presentation

  Definition of CCTV Cameras

  Uses of CCTV
   Working of CCTV system
system
   Types ooff CCTV system: Wired & Wireless
   Types of CCTV cameras
  Advantages of CCTV system
  Disadvantages of CCTV system
 

What i s CCTV ?
Cl
Clos
osed
ed-c
-cirircu
cuitit tele
televi
visision
on CC
CCTV
TV is the use of video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific
place, on a limi limited
ted set of monitors
monitors..
It differs from broadcast television in that the signal is not openly transmitted, though it may
employ point to point (P2P), point to multipoint, or mesh wireless links.
Though almost all video cameras fit this definition, the term is most often applied to those
used for surveillance in areas that may need monitoring such as banks, casinos, airports,
military installations,
installations , and convenience stores.
CCTV systems may operate continuously or
only as required to monitor a particular event.

A more advanced form of CCTV,

util
utiliizi
zing
ng Digit
igital
al Vide
ideo Recor
ecord
ders
ers (DV
(DVRs),
Rs),
provi
provides
des recor
recordin
ding
g for
for possib
possibly
ly many
many year
years,
s,
with
wi th a varie
ariety
ty of qual
qualit
ity
y and
and perf
perfor
orm
mance
ance
options and extra features (such as motion-
detection and email alerts).
Surveillance camera on a corner 
 

Uses o f CCTV?
CCTV is commonly used for a variety of purposes, including;

Maintai
Maintainin
ningg per
perime
imeter
ter sec
securi
urity
ty   in medi
medium
um-t
-to-
o-hi
high
gh secu
securre area
areass &
installations.

Observing behavior   of incar

incarcer
cerat
ated
ed inmat
inmates
es and poten
potentia
tially
lly dange
dangero
rous
us

patients in medical facilities.

Traffic monitoring
Building & ground security
Overseeing locations   that would be hazard
hazardous
ous to a human, for example,
highly radioactive environment.
environment.

Obtaining a visual record of activities   where it is necessary to maintain

proper security, for example, in banks, casinos or airports.
 

Working o f CCTV Systems

Consists of basically four
components:

1. Camera

2. Au
Auto
tosw
switc
itche
herr (con
(console):):takes
sole
radio signals to monitor,

waves converted into audio &

video signals within TV

3. Monitor (TV):   converts signals

into videos

4. Cables:  media of transmission

 

CCTV camera systems

includes one or more
cameras which are
used to send video

images and audio

data to a monitor.
Essentially, these
came
camerra sysyste
tems
ms us
use
e
came
camerras to tr tran
ansm
smit
it

the signals to a main

hub which then
records that data for
late
laterr vi
view
ewin
ing
g or li
live
ve
viewing.
 

Display monitor
 

Types o f CCTV Systems

CCTV systems are broadly divided into two types. These are-

Wired CCTV System

Wireless CCTV System
 

1 . Wired CCTV Systems

Wired CCTV systems connect the camera to the recording device and monitor

with th
with the
e help
help of ststan
anda
dard
rd coax
coaxiaiall cabl
cables
es or Unsh
Unshie
ield
lded
ed Twist
wisted
ed Pair (UTP
(UTP))
cabl
cables
es or fibe
fiberr opti
opticc cabl
cables
es.. The
The imag
imagee data
data is usua
usually
lly tran
transm
smit
itte
ted
d over
over a
coax
coaxia
iall cabl
cable.
e. Th
The
e si
signa
gnall tr
tran
ansm
smit
itte
ted
d over
over thes
these
e cabl
cables
es is then
then fed in
into
to a
moni
monito
torr or set
set of moni
monittors
ors if the
the imag
image
e need
needss to be vi
visi
sibl
ble
e in diff
differ
eren
entt
locations.

2 . Wireless CCTV Systems

Basi
Basica
call
lly
y, wire
wirele
less
ss CCT
CCTV
V syste
ystems
ms are
are si
simi
mila
larr to wire
wired
d CCTV
CCTV syst
system
ems.
s. The
The
diff
differ
eren
ence
ce is th
that
at a radio
adio tr
tran
ansm
smit
itte
terr is atta
attach
ched
ed to the
the cam
camer
era.
a. A radio
adio
rece
receiv
iver
er then
then atta
attach
ched
ed to the
the inpu
inputt on the
the mo
moni
nito
torr syste
ystem
m or comp
comput
uter
er..

Wireless systems are useful when the distance between the camera and the
monitor is too far to be practical for a cable run.
 

CCTV Cameras & types

A security camera is used in surveillance to monitor public or private areas

that need to be monitored.

Cameras are of three types:

1. Fixed-angle vision up to 85
2. Rotating- rotates up to 350   (alm
(almos
ostt a full
full

circle)

, loca
locate
ted
d alon
along
g
3. Tilting type- tilts to 60-90
ceil
ceilin
ing
g or wall
wall,, wh
wher
erev
ever
er posi
positi
tion
oned
ed need
needss
electric connection to constatntly charge the
batteries.
 

   Indoor camera

   Outdoor camera

   IR Day/Night camera

   Dome camera

   Bullet camera


  Hidden camera
   Pan Tilt Zoom camera
 

Advantages o f CCTV?

Deters crime:   the pres

presen
ence
ce of CCTV
CCTV came
camerra syst
system
em for
for surv
survei
eill
llan
ance
ce will
will
reduce petty thefts and vandalism in shops, malls and other public places.

Helps maintain records:   the images and videos captured by CCTV camera
system are often recorded and stored into a database.

Protects employee
employees:s:  this is particularly helpful in customer service centres.
For evidence in lawsuits:  in legal cases of thefts and other forms of crime,
video and images provided by the CCTV camera system can serve as a valid
proof and evidence against the defaulter
defaulter.
 

Disadvantages o f CCTV?

Do not work always:  CCTV cannot monitor every area of your office or home
at all times. Hence it cannot be considered as a foolproof method for crime
prevention.


Privacy concerns:  invasion of privacy is the major issue when it comes to any
security system device like the CCTV camera system. It lowers the employee
morale and hampers productivity at times.


Initial costs:   the initial costs incurred per camera are high. The installation
may also increase the initial expenditure. It depends upon the complexity of 
the CCTV camera system as well.