Mark Scheme (Results)

January 2021

Pearson Edexcel International Advanced Level

In Further Pure Mathematics F3
(WFM03/01)
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January 2021
Publications Code WFM03_01_2101_MS
All the material in this publication is copyright
© Pearson Education Ltd 2021
 General Marking Guidance

• All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners

must mark the first candidate in exactly the same way as they
mark the last.
• Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must
be rewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than
penalised for omissions.
• Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not
according to their perception of where the grade boundaries
may lie.
• There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark
scheme should be used appropriately.
• All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded.
Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if
the answer matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also
be prepared to award zero marks if the candidate’s response is
not worthy of credit according to the mark scheme.
• Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide
the principles by which marks will be awarded and
exemplification may be limited.
• When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the
mark scheme to a candidate’s response, the team leader must
be consulted.
• Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has
replaced it with an alternative response.
 PEARSON EDEXCEL IAL MATHEMATICS

General Instructions for Marking

1. The total number of marks for the paper is 75

2. The Edexcel Mathematics mark schemes use the following types of marks:

• M marks: Method marks are awarded for ‘knowing a method and attempting to apply

it’, unless otherwise indicated.

• A marks: Accuracy marks can only be awarded if the relevant method (M) marks have

been earned.

• B marks are unconditional accuracy marks (independent of M marks)

• Marks should not be subdivided.

3. Abbreviations

These are some of the traditional marking abbreviations that will appear in the mark
schemes.

• bod – benefit of doubt

• ft – follow through
• the symbol will be used for correct ft
• cao – correct answer only
• cso - correct solution only. There must be no errors in this part of the question to
obtain this mark
• isw – ignore subsequent working
• awrt – answers which round to
• SC: special case
• o.e. – or equivalent (and appropriate)
• d… or dep – dependent
• indep – independent
• dp decimal places
• sf significant figures
•  The answer is printed on the paper or ag- answer given
• or d… The second mark is dependent on gaining the first mark
4. All A marks are ‘correct answer only’ (cao), unless shown, for example, as A1ft to
indicate that previous wrong working is to be followed through. After a misread
however, the subsequent A marks affected are treated as A ft, but manifestly absurd
answers should never be awarded A marks.

5. For misreading which does not alter the character of a question or materially simplify it,
deduct two from any A or B marks gained, in that part of the question affected.
6. If a candidate makes more than one attempt at any question:
• If all but one attempt is crossed out, mark the attempt which is NOT crossed out.
• If either all attempts are crossed out or none are crossed out, mark all the
attempts and score the highest single attempt.

7. Ignore wrong working or incorrect statements following a correct answer.

 General Principles for Further Pure Mathematics Marking
(But note that specific mark schemes may sometimes override these general
principles)

Method mark for solving 3 term quadratic:

1. Factorisation

( x 2 + bx + c) = ( x + p)( x + q), where pq = c , leading to x = ...

(ax 2 + bx + c) = (mx + p)(nx + q), where pq = c and mn = a , leading to x = ...

2. Formula

Attempt to use the correct formula (with values for a, b and c).

3. Completing the square

2
 b
Solving x + bx + c = 0 :  x    q  c = 0, q  0 , leading to x = ...
2

 2

Method marks for differentiation and integration:

1. Differentiation
Power of at least one term decreased by 1. ( x n → x n −1 )

2. Integration
Power of at least one term increased by 1. ( x n → x n +1 )
Question
Number Scheme Notes Marks
1(a)  4  −1   3
     
 AB =   −4  ,  BC =   5  ,  AC =   1 
 −1   2  1 M1
     
Attempts any 2 of these vectors. Allow these to be written as coordinates.
 4   3   −3  Attempts the vector product of 2
      appropriate vectors. If no working is
E.g. AB  AC =  −4    1  =  −7  dM1
 −1   1   16  shown, look for at least 2 correct
      elements.
Correct exact area. Allow recovery from
1 1 sign errors in the vector product e.g.
Area = 3 + 7 + 16 =
2 2 2
314 A1
2 2 allow following a vector product of
±3i ± 7j ± 16k
1
Note that a correct exact area of 314 with no evidence of any incorrect work
2
scores full marks
(3)
Alternative 1 using cosine rule:
 4  −1   3
     
 AB =   −4  ,  BC =   5  ,  AC =   1 
 −1   2  1 M1
     
Attempts any 2 of these vectors
 AB = 4 + 4 + 12 ,  BC = 12 + 52 + 22 ,  AC = 32 + 12 + 12
2 2

33 + 11 − 30 7 3 30 + 33 − 11 13 2 30 + 11 − 33 8
cos A = = or cos B = = or cos C = =
2 33 11 33 2 30 33 3 55 2 30 11 165
(For reference A = 68.44…°, B = 34.27…°, C = 77.27…°)
Attempts the magnitude of all 3 sides and attempts the cosine of one of the angles
using a correctly applied cosine rule dM1
or e.g.
AB. AC 12 − 4 − 1
cos A = =
33 11 33 11
Finds the magnitude of 2 sides and the cosine of the included angle using a correctly
applied scalar product
1 1
Correct exact area. Allow recovery from
Area = 11 33 sin A = 314 sign errors in the vectors that do not
2 2
affect the calculations e.g. allow
or
1 1  AB = 4i  4 j  k ,
Area = 30 33 sin B = 314 A1
2 2  BC = i  5 j  2k ,
or  AC = 3i  j  k
1 1
Area = 30 11 sin C = 314 And allow work in decimals as long as a
2 2
correct exact area is found.
(3)
 Alternative 2 using scalar product:
 4  −1   3
     
 AB =   −4  ,  BC =   5  ,  AC =   1 
 −1   2  1 M1
     
Attempts any 2 of these vectors
2
 AB BC  157
A to BC is AB − 
2
 =
 BC  15
or
2
 BC CA  314
B to CA is BC 2 −   =
 CA  11 dM1
or
2
 AC AB  314
C to BA is AC − 
2
 =
 AB  33
Attempts one of the altitudes of triangle ABC using a correct method
1 157 1
Area = 30 = 314
2 15 2
or
1 314 1 Correct exact area. Allow work in decimals as
Area = 11 = 314 A1
2 11 2 long as a correct exact area is found.
or
1 314 1
Area = 33 = 314
2 33 2
(3)
Alternative 3 using vector products:
 0   0   −3 
     
a  b =  4  , b  c =  −8  , c  a =  −3 
 −16   20   12  M1
     
Attempts these vector products
 −3 
 
a  b + b  c + c  a =  −7 
 16  dM1
 
Adds the appropriate vector products
1 1 Correct exact area. Allow work in decimals as
Area = 32 + 7 2 + 162 = 314 A1
2 2 long as a correct exact area is found.
(3)
Question
Number Scheme Notes Marks
(b)  2   −2   −1 
     
 AD =   −2  ,  BD =   2  ,  CD =   −3 
 k − 1  k  k − 2 M1
     
Attempts one of these vectors
 −3   2 
   
E.g. AB  AC. AD =  −7  •  −2  = −6 + 14 + 16k − 16
 16   k − 1
   
−
   2
3 −
   
E.g. AB  AC.BD =  −7  •  2  = 6 − 14 + 16k
 16   k 
   
 −3   −1 
    dM1
E.g. AB  AC.CD =  −7  •  −3  = 3 + 21 + 16k − 32
 16   k − 2 
   
1
Attempts a suitable triple product to obtain a scalar quantity ( not required here).
6
They must be forming the triple product correctly e.g. not the magnitude of a vector.
Do not be too concerned if they make slips as long as appropriate vectors are being
used and a scalar quantity is obtained.
Must be an attempt at the tetrahedron ABCD.
Correct volume. Must see modulus and
must be 2 terms but allow equivalents
1 4 1 1
Volume = 8k − 4 e.g. 2k − 1 , 16k − 8 , 8 − 16k A1
3 3 6 6
Award once a correct answer is seen and
apply isw if necessary.
(3)
Total 6
Question
Number Scheme Notes Marks
2(a) dy 1
y = ln ( tanh 2 x )  =  2sech 2 2 x
dx tanh 2 x
or
dy dy 2sech 2 2 x
y = ln ( tanh 2 x )  e = tanh 2 x  e
y
= 2sech 2 x  =
2 y

dx dx tanh 2 x
M1: Applies the chain rule or eliminates the “ln” and differentiates implicitly to M1A1
dy k sech 2 2 x
obtain to obtain =
dx tanh 2 x
A1: Correct derivative in any form
Note that some candidates now convert to exponential form to complete this
part – see below in the alternative for scoring the final M1A1
Converts to sinh2x and cosh2x correctly
2 cosh 2 x 1 2
=  = k M1
sinh 2 x cosh 2 2 x sinh 2 x cosh 2 x to obtain
sinh 2 x cosh 2 x
Correct answer. Note that this is not a
2 given answer so you can allow if e.g. a
=1 = 4cosech4 x sinh becomes a sin but is then recovered A1
2 sinh 4 x
but if there are any obvious errors this
mark should be withheld.
(4)
Alternative using exponentials:
 e 2 x − e −2 x 
y = ln ( tanh 2 x ) = ln  2 x −2 x 
e +e 

dy e 2 x + e −2 x  ( e + e )( 2e + 2e ) − ( e − e )( 2e − 2e ) 
 2 x −2 x 2x −2 x 2x −2 x 2x −2 x 

=
dx e 2 x − e −2 x 
 ( e 2x
+ e )
−2 x 2 

or
 e −e  2x −2 x M1A1
y = ln ( tanh 2 x ) = ln  2 x −2 x 
= ln ( e 2 x − e −2 x ) − ln ( e 2 x + e −2 x )
 e + e 
dy 2e 2 x + 2e −2 x 2e 2 x − 2e −2 x
= 2 x −2 x − 2 x −2 x
dx e −e e +e
M1: Writes tanh2x correctly in terms of exponentials and applies the chain rule and
quotient rule or uses the subtraction law of logs and applies the chain rule
A1: Correct derivative in any form
2 ( e 2 x + e −2 x ) − 2 ( e 2 x − e −2 x )
2 2
8 k
= −4 x
= Obtains M1
e −e
4x
e − e −4 x
4x
e − e−4 x
4x

Correct answer. Note that this is not a

4 given answer so you can allow if e.g. a
= = 4cosech4 x sinh becomes a sin but is then recovered A1
sinh 4 x but if there are any obvious errors this
mark should be withheld.
 (b)
Way 1 (
4cosech4 x = 1  sinh 4 x = 4  4 x = ln 4 + 42 + 1 ) M1
Changes to sinh 4x =… and uses the correct logarithmic form of arsinh to reach 4x = …
This value only.
1
4
(
x = ln 4 + 17 ) (
Allow e.g. x = ln 4 + 17 )
1
4
A1

(2)
(b) 2
4cosech4 x = 1  4  = 1  e8 x − 8e 4 x − 1 = 0
Way 2 e − e−4 x
4x

k
Changes to the correct exponential form to reach 4 x , obtains a 3TQ in e4x, solves and M1
e − e−4 x
takes ln’s to reach 4x = …
(usual rules for solving a 3TQ do not apply as long as the above conditions are met)
This value only.
1
4
(
x = ln 4 + 17 ) (
Allow e.g. x = ln 4 + 17 )
1
4
A1

(2)
Total 6
Question
Number Scheme Notes Marks
3(a) 2 k 2
 
A = 2 2 k
1 2 
 2
A = 2 ( 4 − 2k ) − k ( 4 − k ) + 2 ( 4 − 2 ) = 0
 k 2 − 8k + 12 = 0  k = ...
Attempts det A = 0 and solves 3TQ to obtain 2 values for k
Note that the usual rules for solving a 3TQ do not need to be applied as long as 2 M1
values for k are obtained.
The attempt at the determinant should be a correct expression for their row or
column so allow errors only when collecting terms
Note that the rule of Sarrus gives 8 + k2 + 8 – 4 – 4k – 4k = 0
k = 2, 6 Correct values. A1
Marks for part (a) can only be scored in their attempt at (a) and not recovered
from part (b)
(2)
(b) 2 k 2   4 − 2k 4−k 2   4 − 2k k −4 2 
     
2 2 k  →  2k − 4 2 4 − k  →  4 − 2k 2 k −4 
1 2 2   k 2 − 4 2k − 4 4 − 2k   k 2 − 4 4 − 2k 4 − 2k 

Applies the correct method to reach at least a matrix of cofactors
M1
+ − +
 
Should be an attempt at the minors followed by  − + −
+ − + 

If there is any doubt then look for at least 6 correct cofactors
 4 − 2k k −4 2   4 − 2k 4 − 2k k2 − 4 
   
 4 − 2k 2 k −4 → k −4 2 4 − 2k 
 k 2 − 4 4 − 2k 4 − 2k   2 k −4 4 − 2k  dM1 A1

dM1: Attempts adjoint matrix by transposing. Dependent on previous mark.
A1: Correct adjoint
 4 − 2k 4 − 2k k2 − 4 
1  
A −1 = 2  k −4 2 4 − 2k 
k − 8k + 12 
 2 k −4 4 − 2k  A1ft
Fully correct inverse or follow through their incorrect determinant from part (a)
where their determinant is a function of k
Ignore any labelling of the matrices and allow any type of brackets around the
matrices
(4)
Total 6
Question
Number Scheme Notes Marks
4 dx
x = 4 cosh   = 4sinh 
d

( (
1 4sinh 
 3
dx = 3
d
x − 16 )
2 2 16 cosh  − 16 )
2 2

Full attempt to use the given substitution. M1

(  ((
1 sinh 
Award for dx = k d
)
3 3
x − 16 )
2 2
4 cosh  ) − 16
2 2

Condone 4cosh 2  for ( 4 cosh  )

2

( 
4sinh  4sinh 
= d = d
3
64sinh 3 
16sinh 2  ) 2

3
Simplifies (16 cosh 2  − 16 ) 2 to the form ksinh3θ which may be implied by: M1

( 
1 1
dx = k d
3
sinh 2 
x 2 − 16 ) 2

Note that this is not dependent on the first M


1
= d
16sinh 2 
Fully correct simplified integral.
A1

 ( 
1 1
( 4sinh  )
−2
Allow equivalents e.g. cos ech 2 d , d , d etc.
4sinh  )
2
16
May be implied by subsequent work.

 
1 1 1
= d = cosech 2 d = − coth  ( + c )
16sinh 
2
16 16 dM1
Integrates to obtain kcothθ. Depends on both previous method marks.
x x
1 cosh  1 4 1 4
=− +c = − + c or e.g. − +c
16 sinh  16 x 2 4 x − 16
2
−1
16
x
Substitutes back correctly for x by replacing cosh θ with or equivalent e.g.
4 dM1
2
 x
4cosh θ with x and sinh θ with   − 1 or equivalent e.g. 4sinh θ with x 2 − 16
4
Depends on all previous method marks and must be fully correct work for their
1
" "−
16
−x − 161 x Correct answer. Award once the correct
( ) oe e.g. 2 ( ) answer is seen and apply isw if necessary. A1
+ c + c
16 x 2 − 16 x − 16 Condone the omission of “+ c”
Note that you can condone the omission of the “dθ” throughout
(6)
Total 6
Question
Number Scheme Notes Marks
Mark (a) and (b) together but do not credit work for (a) that is seen in (c)
5(a)  6 −2 − 1 x   8 x   −2 −2 − 1  x   0   x 
           
 −2 6 − 1 y  =  8 y  or  −2 − 2 − 1  y  =  0    y  = ... M1
 −1 −1 5           
  z   8 z   −1 −1 − 3  z   0   z 
Correct method for obtaining the eigenvector
i−j Any multiple of this vector A1
(2)
(b) 6− −2 −1
M −  I = −2 6− −1
−1 −1 5−
 ( 6 −  )( ( 6 −  )( 5 −  ) − 1) + 2 ( 2 (  − 5) − 1) −1 ( 2 + 6 −  )
M1
Correct attempt at the determinant of M − I . The terms with single underlining
should be correct with correct signs but allow minor slips in the brackets with
double underlining.
Note that the rule of Sarrus gives
( 6 −  )( 6 −  )(5 −  ) − 2 − 2 − ( 6 −  ) − ( 6 −  ) − 4 (5 −  )
Solves M − I = 0 to obtain 2 different
  3 − 17 2 + 90 − 144 = 0   = ... M1
distinct real eigenvalues excluding 8
  = 3,6, (8) For 3 and 6 A1
(3)
Question
Scheme Notes Marks
Number
(c) Correct D with distinct non-zero
8 0 0 eigenvalues in any order. Follow through
( D = )  0
3 0

their non-zero 3 and 6. Ignore labelling B1ft
0 6  and score for sight of the correct or
0
correct ft matrix.
 6 −2 − 1 x   3x   x  1
        
 −2 6 − 1 y  =  3 y    y  = ... NB v 2 = k 1
 −1 −1 5       1
  z   3z   z   
and
 6 −2 − 1 x   6 x   x  1 M1
        
 −2 6 − 1 y  =  6 y    y  = ... NB v 3 = k  1 
 −1 −1 5        −2 
  z   6 z   z   
Attempts eigenvectors for their other 2 distinct eigenvalues not including 8
May use e.g. ( M − I ) x = 0
 1 1 1 
 2 3 6

( P =)  − 2
1 1 1

 
3 6
 0 1
− 26 
 3
M1
Forms a complete P from normalised eigenvectors using their eigenvector from
part (a) and their other 2 eigenvectors formed from their other 2 different distinct
eigenvalues in any order. Ignore labelling and score for forming this matrix which
may be seen as part of a calculation.
8 0 0  1 1 1 

   2 3 6

D =  0 3 0  and P =  − 2 1 1 1

 
3 6
0 0 6   0
  
1
3
− 26  A1

All fully correct and consistent and correctly labelled but the labelling may be
implied by their working.
(4)
Total 9
Question
Number Scheme Notes Marks

   
1 1
6(a) xn xn
( ) ( )
−
Way 1 dx = x n −1 x x 2 + 3 2 dx or dx = x n −1d x 2 + 3 2

x2 + 3 x2 + 3
M1


xn
Applies x = x x to
n n-1
dx but may be implied by subsequent work
x2 + 3

x  (n −1) x
1 1 1

( ) (x ) (x )
−
n −1 n −1 n−2
x x +3 2 2 dx = x 2
+3 − 2 2
+ 3 dx 2

dM1: Applies integration by parts to obtain


1 1
 x n−1 ( x 2 + 3) 2 −  x n−2 ( x 2 + 3) 2 dx
dM1A1
(NB α, β may be functions of n)
Note that if a correct formula for parts is quoted first and parts is applied in the
correct direction then we can condone slips in signs as long as the expression is of
the above form. If you are unsure – send to review.
A1: Correct expression

 (n −1) x
1 1

(x ) (x )( )
−
n −1 n−2
=x 2
+3 − 2 2
+3 x +3 2 2 dx
1 1 M1
Applies ( x + 3) = ( x + 3)( x + 3)
−
2 2 2 2 2
having made an attempt at integration by
parts in the correct direction

 
1 1 1

(x ) ( ) (x )
− −
=x n −1 2
+ 3 − ( n − 1) x x + 3
2 n 2 2 dx − 3 ( n − 1) x n−2 2
+3 2 dx
1
= x n −1 x 2 + 3 ( ) − ( n − 1) I
2
n − 3 ( n − 1) I n − 2
dM1

Splits into 2 integrals involving In and In-2

Depends on all the previous method marks
x n −1 2 1
3 ( n − 1)
 In =
n
(
x +3 2 −
n
)I n−2 *
Obtains the printed answer. You can condone the odd missing “dx” but if there are A1*
any clear errors e.g. invisible brackets that are not recovered, sign errors etc. then
this mark should be withheld.
(6)
Question
Number Scheme Notes Marks

 
1
6(a) xn
( )
−
Way 2 dx = x n−2 x 2 x 2 + 3 2 dx
x2 + 3 M1
Applies xn = xn-2x2

x x
1 1

( ) (x )( )
− −
n−2 2 n−2
x x +3 2 2 dx = 2
+3−3 x +3 2 2 dx

 
1 1

( ) ( )
−
= x n−2 x 2 + 3 2 dx − 3x n−2 x 2 + 3 2 dx
dM1A1

 
1 1
dM1: Writes x 2 as ( x 2 + 3 − 3) to obtain ( ) ( )
−
 x n−2
x 2 + 3 2 dx −  x n−2 x 2 + 3 2 dx

A1: Correct expression

x  x ( x + 3)
x n−1 2
1 1 1

( ) ( )
1 −
n−2
x + 3 dx =
2 2 x +3 2 − n 2 2 dx
n −1 n −1


1
Applies integration by parts on ( )
x n −2 x 2 + 3 2 dx to obtain
M1

1 1
 x n−1 ( x 2 + 3) 2 −  x n ( x 2 + 3) 2 dx
−

Note that if a correct formula for parts is quoted first and parts is applied in the
correct direction then we can condone slips in signs as long as the expression is of
the above form. If you are unsure – send to review.
x n −1 2 1
In =
n −1
x +3 2 −
1
n −1
(
I n − 3I n − 2 )
dM1
Brings all together and introduces In and In-2
Depends on all the previous method marks
x n −1 2 1
3 ( n − 1)
 In =
n
x +3 2 −
n
( I n−2 * )
Obtains the printed answer. You can condone the odd missing “dx” but if there are A1*
any clear errors e.g. invisible brackets that are not recovered, sign errors etc. then
this mark should be withheld.
Question
Number Scheme Notes Marks
(b) x4 2 1

Way 1 I5 =
5
12
x + 3 2 − I3
5
( )
M1
Applies the reduction formula once to obtain I5 in terms of I3
Allow slips on coefficients only
x4 2 1
12  x 2 2 1
6 
I5 =
5
x +3 ( ) 2 − 
5  3
x +3 ( ) 2 − I1 
3 
Applies the reduction formula again to obtain an expression for I5 in terms of I1 and M1
allow “I1“or what they think is I1
Allow slips on coefficients only
E.g.
4 1
12  x 2 2 1 1

I5 =
x
x2 + 3( ) 2 − 
5  3
x +3 ( ) 2
6
− x2 + 3 ( ) 2

5 3 
Or e.g. A1
4 1 1 1
I5 =
x 2
5
(
4
x + 3 − x2 x2 + 3 +
5 5
)
24 2
x +32
( ) 2
( ) 2

Any correct expression in terms of x only

1
1
I5 = x2 + 3
5
( ) (x2 4
− 4 x 2 + 24 + k ) A1
Must include the “+ k” but allow other letter e.g. + c
(4)
Total 10
1
(b)
Way 2 NB I1 = x + 3 ( 2
) 2

1
x2 2
I3 =
3
6
x + 3 2 − I1
3
( )
Applies the reduction formula once to obtain I3 in terms of I1 and allow “I1” or what M1
they think is I1
Allow slips on coefficients only
x4 2 1
12  x 2 2 1

I5 = x +3 ( ) 2 − 
5  3
x +3 ( ) 2 − 2 I1 
5 
Applies the reduction formula again to obtain an expression for I5 in terms of I1 and M1
allow “I1” or what they think is I1
Allow slips on coefficients only
E.g.
4 1
12  x 2 2 1 1

I5 =
x
(
x2 + 3 ) 2 − 
5  3
x +3 ( ) 2 −
6 2
x +3 ( ) 2

5 3 
Or e.g. A1
4 1 1 1
I5 =
x 2
5
4
(
x + 3 − x2 x2 + 3 +
5
24 2
5
)
x +3 2
( ) 2
( ) 2

Any correct expression in terms of x only

1
1
I5 = x2 + 3
5
( ) (x
2 4
− 4 x 2 + 24 + k ) A1
Must include the “+ k” but allow other letter e.g. + c
Question
Number Scheme Notes Marks

(b) x4 2 1

Way 3 I5 =
5
( 12
x + 3 2 − I3
5
)
M1
Applies the reduction formula once to obtain I5 in terms of I3
Allow slips on coefficients only

=
3


x
I3 dx
 ( x + 3)
1
2 2

 ( u − 3) 2
3

 (u − 3) du = 1 u
3 1


du 1
u = x2 + 3  I3 = = 2
− 6u 2
 u
1
2 2 ( u − 3)
1
2
2  u 3 1
2
M1A1
3 1
=
1 2
3
x +3 ( ) 2
(
− 6 x2 + 3 ) 2

x4 2 1
12  1 3 1

I5 = ( )
x + 3 2 −  x2 + 3 2 − 6 x2 + 3 2 
5 3
( ) ( )
5 
M1: A credible attempt to find I3 and then expresses I5 in terms of x
A1: Any correct expression in terms of x only
1
1
5
(
I5 = x2 + 3 ) (x2 4
− 4 x 2 + 24 + k ) A1
Must include the “+ k” but allow other letter e.g. + c
Question
Number Scheme Notes Marks
7(a) 5i + 3j – 8k and 2i – 3j – 6k lie in 1 Identifies 2 correct vectors lying in 1 B1
 5   2   −18 − 24 
     
n =  3    −3  =  − ( −30 + 16 ) 
 −8   −6   −15 − 6 
     
Attempts the vector product between 2 correct vectors in 1
M1
If no working is shown, look for at least 2 correct elements.
Or e.g.
Let n = ai + bj + ck then
( ai + bj + ck ) ( 5i + 3j − 8k ) = 0, ( ai + bj + ck ) ( 2i − 3j − 6k ) = 0
 5a + 3b − 8c = 0, 2a − 3b − 6c = 0  a = 2c, 3b = −2c  n = ...
 −42   6
   
=  14  or e.g.  −2  Correct normal vector A1
 −21   3
   
( 6i − 2 j + 3k ) ( i + 2 j + k ) = ...
Attempts scalar product between their normal vector and position vector of a point
in 1. Do not allow this mark if the “5” (or equivalent) just ‘appears’. There must dM1
be some evidence for its origin e.g. a.n = … where a and n have been defined
earlier.
Depends on the first method mark.
6 x − 2 y + 3z = 5* Correct proof A1*
(5)
Alternative 1 for (a):

E.g. Let equation of 1 be ax + by + z = c

B1
3 points on 1 are (1, 2, 1), (3, −1, −5) and e.g. (8, 2, −13)
a + 2b + 1 = c, 3a − b − 5 = c, 8a + 2b – 13 = c  a = ..., b = ..., c = ...
M1
Solves simultaneously for a, b and c using correct points
2 5
 a = 2, b = − , c = Correct values A1
3 3
2 5
2x − y + z = Forms Cartesian equation dM1
3 3
6 x − 2 y + 3z = 5* Correct proof A1*
Alternative 2 for (a):

(1, 2,1) → 6 x − 2 y + 3z = 6 − 4 + 3 = 5
B1
Shows (1, 2, 1) lies on 1
 3   5 
x − 3 y +1 z + 5    
= = → r =  −1  +   3  or equivalent
5 3 −8  −5   −8 
    M1A1
M1: Converts l to correct parametric form seen as part of an attempt at this alternative
allow 1 slip with one of the elements
A1: Correct form
6 ( 3 + 5 ) − 2 ( −1 + 3 ) + 3 ( −5 − 8 ) = 5 dM1
 Shows l lies in 1
P lies in 1 and l lies in 1 so 6 x − 2 y + 3z = 5*
A1*
All correct with conclusion
(b) 6 ( 2 ) − 2k + 3 ( −7 ) − 5 Correct method for the shortest
Way 1 d= M1
6 +2 +3
2 2 2 distance

1 2
= −2k − 14 = k + 7 * Correct completion A1*
7 7
(2)
(b) 5
Distance O to 1 is .
Way 2 6 + 22 + 32
2

Distance O to parallel plane containing Q is

( 6i − 2 j + 3k ) ( 2i + kj − 7k ) =
−9 − 2k
62 + 22 + 32 7 M1
5 −9 − 2k
d= −
7 7
Correct method for the shortest distance
1 2
= 2k + 14 = k + 7 * Correct completion A1*
7 7
(b)
d=
PQ n
=
( i + ( k − 2 ) j − 8k ) ( −42i + 14 j − 21k )
Way 3 n 422 + 142 + 212 M1
Correct method for the shortest distance
−42 + 14k − 28 + 168 14k + 98 2
= = = k +7 * Correct completion A1*
49 49 7
(c) 2 8 ( 2 ) − 4k − 7 + 3
k +7 =
7 82 + 42 + 12
Correctly attempts the distance between (2, k, −7) and 2 and sets equal to the result
from (a). May see alternative methods here for the distance between (2, k, −7) and M1
2 e.g. finds the coordinates of a point on 2 e.g. R(1, 1, −7) and then finds

d=
RQ ( 8i − 4 j + k )
=
( i + ( k − 1) j) (8i − 4 j + k ) =
8 − 4k + 4
=
12 − 4k
8i − 4 j + k 8 + 4 +1
2 2 2 9 9
2 1 2 1
( k + 7 ) = " (12 − 4k ) "  k = ... or ( k + 7 ) = " ( 4k − 12 ) "  k = ...
7 9 7 9
Attempts to solve one of these equations where their distance from Q to 2 is of the
form ak + b where a and b are non-zero.
or
2 1 4 1 dM1
( k + 7 ) = " (12 − 4k ) "  ( k + 7 ) = " (12 − 4k ) "
2 2

7 9 49 81
 23k − 462k − 441 = 0  k = ...
2

Squares both sides and attempts to solve resulting quadratic.

Condone poor attempts at squaring the brackets and there is no requirement to
follow the usual guidance for solving the quadratic
One correct value. Must be 21 but
21 allow equivalent exact fractions for
k =− or k = 21 21 A1
23 −
23
 Both correct values. Must be 21 but
21 allow equivalent exact fractions for
k =− and k = 21 21 A1
23 − and no other values.
23
(4)
Total 11
Question
Number Scheme Notes Marks
8(a) dy −2 x
= Correct derivative B1
dx 1 − x 2
(1 − x ) + 4 x
2 2
 dy 
2 2 2
4x x4 − 2x2 + 1 + 4x2 x4 + 2x2 + 1
1+   = 1+ 2 = or or
 dx  (
1 − x2 ) (1 − x ) 2
2
(1 − x )2
2
(1 − x )
2
2

2 M1
 dy 
Attempts 1 +   , finds common denominator and shows working in the
 dx 
numerator condoning sign slips only. (The denominator may be expanded)
(1 + x2 )
2
 1 + x2 
2
Fully correct expression with
= or   factorised numerator and A1
(1 − x 2 )  1− x 
2 2
denominator.
Fully correct proof with no errors and
integral as printed on the question
3 3
paper but allow x2 + 1 for 1 + x2 and

 
 1+ x 
4 2 4
 dy 
2
allow
1 +   dx =  2 
dx * A1*
1− x 
3 3
 dx  1 
( )
 
1 4
1+ x 2 4
1 + x2
2 2
dx or dx
1 1 − x 2
( 1) 1 − x 2

2 2
(4)
Question
Number Scheme Notes Marks
(b) ( x + 1) = −1 + 2
2

or e.g. −1 +
1
+
1
(1 − x ) 2
1− x 2
1− x 1+ x B1
Writes the improper fraction correctly
1+ x
 1− x
k
dx =  ln
2
1− x
Or e.g.


k
dx =  ln (1 + x )   ln (1 − x )
1 − x2
M1

k
Achieves an acceptable logarithmic form for dx (k constant) (may see
1 − x2
partial fraction approach). If they use artanh here, this mark and the next mark will
become available when they change to logarithmic form e.g. when they substitute
the limits later.
1+ x

2
−1 + dx = − x + ln Correct integration A1
1− x 2
1− x
3 Evidence that the given limits have been
 1+ x  4 3  1  applied. Condone slips as long as the
 − x + ln  = − + ln 7 −  − + ln 3  dM1
1− x  1 4  2  intention is clear.
2
Depends on the previous M.
1 7
= − + ln cao A1
4 3
(5)
Note that a common incorrect approach is:
(1 + x ) dx =
 
2
 1 x2  1 1+ x
 + 2 
dx = ln + ...
(1 − x )2
 1− x 1− x 
2
2 1− x
3
 1 1+ x 4
=  ln + ... = ...
 2 1− x 1
2


 x  2
If there is no attempt at  2 
dx this will generally score B0M1A0M0A0
 1− x 
BUT


 x 
2
If there is an attempt at  2 
dx (however poor) and evidence that the limits
 1− x 
have been applied this will generally score B0M1A0M1A0. Condone slips with the
substitution of limits as long as the intention is clear.
1 + x2 A B
BUT note that attempts that consider partial fractions such as  +
1− x 2
1− x 1+ x
will generally score no marks – if you are unsure, send to review.
1 + x2 A B
Note also that  + + C is a correct form and could score full marks.
1− x 2
1− x 1+ x

Also, use of
(1 + x2 ) 1 − x2 + 2 x2
= = 1+
2x2
with no attempt to deal with the
(1 − x 2 ) 1 − x 2 1 − x2
2x2
as an improper fraction as in the main scheme is likely to score no marks.
1 − x2
Total 9
 Alternative approach to integration in part (b) by substitution:

(1 + x ) dx = (1 + tanh  ) sech
 
(b) 2 2

x = tanh   2
 d
(1 − x ) 2
(1 − tanh  )
2 B1

Substitutes fully
(1 + tanh  ) sech
 
2
2
 d = (1 + tanh  ) d
2

(1 − tanh  )
2

(
M1
= 2 − sech  d
2
)
Cancel and applies tanh 2  = 1 − sech 2 

=
 ( 2 − sech  ) d = 2 − tanh 
2
Correct integration A1

 3   1 
1+   1+ 
 2artanhx − x 
3 1 
= 2  ln  4 − 3 −  2  1 ln  2 − 1 
  
4
1
2 2  1− 3  4  2  1− 1  2 
 
 4   2  dM1
Evidence that the given limits have been applied. Condone slips as long as the
intention is clear.
Depends on the previous M.
1 7
=− + ln cao A1
4 3
(5)


 x2 
Note that a similar approach can be applied to  2 
dx
 1− x 
Question
Number Scheme Notes Marks
9 x2 y2
+ = 1, ( 5cos  , 4sin  )
25 16
(a) dx dy
= −5sin  , = 4 cos 
d d
or
2 x 2 y dy Correct derivatives or correct implicit
+ = 0 oe
25 16 dx differentiation or correct explicit B1
or differentiation.
1
−
dy 4x  x2  2
= − 1 −  oe
dx 25  25 
dy 4 cos  Divides their derivatives correctly or
= M1
dx −5sin  substitutes and rearranges
5sin  Correct perpendicular gradient rule –
MN = may be implied when they form the M1
4 cos  normal equation.
5sin  Correct straight line method (any
y − 4sin  = ( x − 5cos  ) complete method). Must use their M1
4 cos  gradient of the normal.
Achieves the printed answer with no
5 x sin  − 4 y cos  = 9sin  cos  * errors and allow this answer to be
or obtained from the previous line. Allow A1*
9sin  cos  = 5 x sin  − 4 y cos  * 5sin  x for 5x sin  and 4cos  y for
4 y cos  .
Allow all marks if the gradient is seen as a function of x and y initially (even in the
straight line equation) as long as this is recovered correctly.
Solutions that do not use calculus e.g. just quoting the equation of the normal
5sin 
as y − 4sin  = ( x − 5cos  ) send to review however if they just quote
4 cos 
( )
e.g. ax sin  − by sin  = a 2 − b 2 sin  cos  and then write down the given
result this scores no marks.
dy 4 cos 
But we would accept = to be quoted for a full solution.
dx −5sin 
(5)

( ) ( )
(b) 3
b 2 = a 2 1 − e2  16 = 25 1 − e2  e =
5
( ae, 0 ) =  5  
3
F is , 0 M1
 5 
Or e.g. " c "2 = a 2e2 = a 2 − b 2 = 25 − 16  a 2e2 = 9  ae = ...
Fully correct strategy for F (must be numerical so (5e, 0) is M0
Correct coordinates. (±3, 0) scores
(3, 0) A1
A0
(2)
(c) 9
x= cos  Correct x coordinate (of Q) B1
5
PF 2 = ( 5cos  − "3") + ( 4sin  )
2 2
Correct application of Pythagoras to
or find PF or PF2. Their “3” should be
M1
positive but allow work in terms of e
( 5cos  − "3") + ( 4sin  )
2 2
PF = e.g. “5e”.
Applies sin 2  = 1 − cos 2  to obtain a
quadratic expression in cos . If the
= 25cos 2  − 30 cos  + 9 + 16sin 2  correct identity is not seen explicitly
= 25cos 2  − 30 cos  + 9 + 16 (1 − cos 2  )
dM1
then their working must imply that a
correct identity has been used.
Depends on the previous M.
PF =  ( 5 − 3cos  ) Correct expression for PF or PF2 in
A1
PF = 9 cos 2  − 30 cos  + 25
2 terms of cos θ with terms collected.
Note that an alternative to using Pythagoras to find PF is to use PF = ePM where M
is the foot of the perpendicular from P to the positive directrix.
25
Score M1 for x = a = 5  = 25  (not  )
e 3  3  3
5
and dM1A1 for PF = ePM = 3  25 − 5 cos  
5 3 
9  3  3
3 − cos  3 1 − cos   1 − cos 
=   or e.g.  5
QF 5 5 3 3
= = = e*
PF 5 − 3cos   3  5 1 − 3 cos  5
5 1 − cos  
 5  5
or e.g.
2
 9  54 81
2  3 − cos   9 − cos  + cos 2 
QF
=  5  = 5 25
PF 2 9 cos 2  − 30 cos  + 25 9 cos 2  − 30 cos  + 25
 6 9  6 9
9 1 − cos  + cos 2   1 − cos  + cos 2 
=  5 25  9
or e.g. =  5 25 =
9

QF 3
= = e* A1*
 6 9  25 1 − 6 cos  + 9 cos 2  25 PF 5
25 1 − cos  + cos  
2

 5 25  5 25
Fully correct working including factorisation or equivalent leading to showing that
QF
= e with no errors and a conclusion “ = e”.
PF
Note that the value of e must have been seen earlier e.g. in part (b) or calculated
independently somewhere in the question.
Note that this mark depends on a ratio where the numerator and denominator are
either both positive or both negative or modulus symbols are present throughout.
This does not apply to the second case as both numerator and denominator must be
positive as they are squared.
(5)
Total 12