PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE

MJ
NON-MODIFIABLE MODIFIABLE

 Age <60y/o  Environmental effects

 Gender
 Family history

Extracellular beta-amyloid Intracellular neurofibrillary

deposits tangles

Accumulation of Loss of synapses and neurons

beta-amyloid

Gross atrophy of mesial temporal lobe

Neuronal cell death

Proteins misfold that result in increase

Loss of neuronal synapses of abnormal proteins

Progressive neurotransmitter Brain damage

deficits

Dementia Signs and symptoms

 Loss of short-term memory
 Impaired reasoning
 Language dysfunction
 Visuospatial dysfunction
 Behaviour disorder

Nursing Diagnosis:
Nursing Diagnosis: Self-care deficit r/t
Risk for injury r/t impaired cognitive
disorientation and motor function

Nursing Management:
 Establish an effective Nursing Management:
communication  Advise the client or
system with the family for self-care
patient and his family. assistance.
 Administer ordered  Assist the patient with
medications and note hygiene and dressing
their effects. as necessary.
 Provide a safe and  Encourage the client
structured for exercise therapy.
environment.
REFERENCES:
https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/medical-surgical-nursing-notes/alzheimers-disease/?
fbclid=IwAR2ev-h94jYNHljyrPesKqY-VKvUqJtO9GnAslxY1Y5Fk54dy8miPT-srSA
https://www.msdmanuals.com/professional/neurologic-disorders/delirium-and-
dementia/alzheimer-disease?
fbclid=IwAR10mnpSAQlTO2HW80JVxazXGrN6cmNPLd5f1AN96C_asOPOZVCcTC0JA9g