TO FL A ME

P&ID
Reference Guide
Based on information from ANSI/ISA-5.1-2009 Instrumentation Symbols and Identification

R
PI
02

ESD TC TI
01 03 02
Watch the companion video on YouTube.com/KimrayInc
TI
PIC
01

Rev. 01/2021 PILOT

 FUE L G A S

P& ID SA MPL E PCV

02

TO FL AME
TI
03
PCV
TI
C O R RO S IO N
COUPON
01 8 8 ,9 m m O. D. G A S F RO M W E L L H E A D

C I RC U L AT I N G
OI L H E AT E R

ALCOHOL C O R RO S IO N
S T O R AG E INHIBITOR
TA N K

ESD
02

DI A P H R AG M
PUMP
ALCOHOL OI L
PUMP R E S E RVOI R
PI
02

P -1 P -2

WELL
HEAD

ESD TC TI
01 03 02

TC TC TI
FR P IC
01 02 01
CHOKE
VA LV E PI
01

PILOT
PCV
03

FUEL GAS

PCV
02

PCV
TI
275 8 k Pa F U E L G A S 01
F RO M P L A N T

8 8 ,9 m m O. D. S O U R G A S
F RO M P L A N T

1
 P F D SA MPL E

C O O L I N G T OW E R

VAC U U M P U M P

P RO D U C T
TA N K 1

D RU M

F U R N AC E

F E E D TA N K

COLUMN

P RO D U C T
TA N K 2
R E AC T O R S

B O T T O M S TA N K

B OI L E R

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 TAG NUMBERS – L E T T ER SY MBOL S F OR DATA PROCE SSING F UNC T IONS
Symbol Measured or Initiating Variable Modifier Readout or Passive Function Output Function Modifier
A Analysis Alarm
B Burner, Combustion User's Choice User's Choice User's Choice
C User's Choice Control
D User's Choice Differential
E Voltage Sensor (Primary Element)
F Flow Rate Ratio (Fraction)
G User's Choice Glass, Viewing Device
H Hand High
I Current (Electrical) Indicate
J Power Scan
K Time, Time Schedule Time Rate of Change Control Station
L Level Light Low
M User's Choice Momentary Middle, Intermediate
N User's Choice User's Choice User's Choice User's Choice
O User's Choice Orifice, Restriction
P Pressure, Vacuum Point (Test) Connection
Q Quantity Integrate, Totalize
R Radiation Record
S Speed, Frequency Safety Switch
T Temperature Transmit
U Multivariable Multifunction Multifunction Multifunction
V Vibration, Mechanical Analysis Valve, Damper, Louver
W Weight, Force Well
X Unclassified X Axis Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified
Y Event, State or Presence Y Axis Relay, Compute, Convert
Z Position, Dimension Z Axis Driver, Actuator, Unclassified Final Control Element
A “ U s e r’s c h oi c e” let te r is u s e d fo r u nliste d m e a nin g s u s e d re p etitively in a p ro j e c t a n d will b e ex p lain e d o n t h e d ia g r a m o r s u p p o r tin g d o c u m e nt.

Watch the companion video on YouTube.com/KimrayInc and follow along at Kimray.com/Training-Demos

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 TAG NUMBERS – OIL & G A S INS T RUMEN T A BBRE V I AT IONS (Adapted From ISA Standard S5.1)
A Analog Signal FO Fial Open LSLL Level Switch Low for Level Below LSL RC Ratio Controller
AC Analysis Controller FQ Flow Indicator Totaliser LT Level Transmitter RTD Resistance Temperature Detector
AAH Analysis Alarm [High] FQI Flow Indicator with Total Counter LY I/P Converter [Level Loop] RTU Remote Terminal Unit
AAHL Analysis Alarm [High/Low] FR Flow Recorder LO Lock Open S Solenoid
AAL Analysis Alarm [Low] FRC Flow Recorder Controller MCC Motor Control Center SAH Speed Alarm [High]
AS Air Supply FRT Flow Recorder Transmitter MTU Master Terminal Unit SAHL Speed Alarm [High/Low]
ASDH Analysis Shutdown [High] FS Flow Switch NC Normally Closed SAL Speed Alarm [Low]
ASDL Analysis Shutdown [Low] FSDH Flow Shutdown [High] NO Normally Open SC Sample Connection
ASH Analysis Switch [High] FSDL Flow Shutdown [Low] P Pneumatic Signal SD Shutdown Panel
ASHL Analysis Switch [High/Low] FSH Flow Switch [High] PAH Pressure Alarm [High] SI Speed Indicator
ASL Analysis Switch [Low] FSL Flow Switch [Low] PAHL Pressure Alarm [High/Low] SR Speed Recorder
AT Analysis Transmitter FT Flow Transmitter PAL Pressure Alarm [Low] SS Steam Supply
BC Burner Controller FY Computer, Relay, Amplifier or I/P PB Pushbutton SSH Speed Switch [High]
BAH Burner Alarm [High] Converter in Flow Loop PC Pressure Controller SSHL Speed Switch [High/Low]
BAHL Burner Alarm [High/Low] GS Instrument Gas Supply PCV Pressure Control Valve SSL Speed Switch [Low]
BAL Burner Alarm [Low] H Hydraulic PD Pulsation Dampener TAH Temperature Alarm [High]
BDV Blowdown Valve HMV Hydraulic Motor Operated Valve PdA Pressure Differential Alarm TAHL Temperature Alarm [High/Low]
BPR Back Pressure Regulator HOA Hand/Off/Auto Switch PdAH Pressure Differential Alarm [High] TAL Temperature Alarm [Low]
BS Burner Switch HS Hand Switch PdAL Pressure Differential Alarm [Low] TC Temperature Controller
BSH Burner Switch [High] I Current Signal PdI Pressure Differential Indicator TCV Temperature Control Valve
BSHL Burner Switch [High/Low] I/F Interface PdIC Pressure Differential Indicator Controller TD Time Delay
BSL Burner Switch [Low] I/I Current Indicator PdS Pressure Differential Switch TE Temperature [Measuring] Element/Thermocouple
BS&W Basic Sediment and Water I/P Current to Pneumatic PdSH Pressure Differential Switch [High] TF Temperature Gage
CCP Central Control Panel I/PA Current to Pneumatic Alarm PdSL Pressure Differential Switch [Low] TH Thermostat
CDS Compressor Shutdown KI Clock/Timer PG Pressure Gage TI Temperature Indicator
CFA Common Fault Alarm LA Level Alarm P/I Pneumatic To Current Converter TIC Temperature Indicator Controller
COR Corrosimeter LAH Level Alarm [High] PI Pressure Indicator TIT Temperature Indicator Transmitter
CSC Car Seal Close LAHH Level Alarm High for Level Above LAH PIC Pressure Indicator Controller TJI Multipoint Temperature Indicator/Thermocouple
CSO Car Seal Open LAHL Level Alarm [High/Low] PIT Pressure Indicator Transmitter TR Temperature Recorder
CV Control Valve LAL Level Alarm [Low] PJI Multipoint Pressure Indicator TRC Temperature Recorder Controller
E/I EMF to Current Converter LALL Level Alarm Low for Level Above LAL PJR Multipoint Pressure Recorder TRT Temperature Recorder Transmitter
ES Electrical Switch LC Level Controller POV Pneumatically Operated Valve TSDH Temperature Shutdown [High]
ESD Emergency Shutdown Station LCV Level Control Valve PR Pressure Recorder TSDL Temperature Shutdown [Low]
ESDV Emergency Shutdown Valve LG Level Gauge PRC Pressure Recorder Controller TSH Temperature Switch [High]
FAL Flow Alarm Low LI Level Indicator PRT Pressure Recorder Transmitter TSHL Temperature Switch [High/Low]
FAH Flow Alarm High LIC Level Indicator Controller PRV Pressure Regulating Valve TSL Temperature Switch [Low]
FAHH Flow Alarm High For Level Above FAH LIT Level Indicator Transmitter PSDH Pressure Shutdown [High] TT Temperature Transmitter
FAHL Flow Alarm [High/Low] LLH Liquid Level [High] PSDL Pressure Shutdown [Low] TW Thermowell
FALL Flow Alarm Low For Level Below FAL LLL Liquid Level [Low] PSE Rupture Disk TY Computer, Relay, Converter, etc. in Temp. Loop
FC Flow Controller LLN Liquid Level [Normal] PSH Pressure Switch [High] US Utility Station
FC Fail Close LQ Lock Closed When by a manual Valve PSHH Pressure Switch High for Pressure Above PSH VAH Vibration Alarm [High]
FCV Flow Control Valve LR Level Recorder PSHL Pressure Switch [High/Low] VSDH Vibration Shutdown [High]
FE Flow Element LS Level Switch PSL Pressure Switch [Low] VSH Vibration Switch [High]
FFA Flame Failure Alarm LSDH Level Shutdown [High] PSLL Pressure Switch Low for Pressure Below PSL WS Water Supply
FFSD Flame Failure Shutdown LSDL Level Shutdown [Low] PSV Pressure Safety Valve X Multiply
FG Flow Gage/Flow Sight Glass LSH Level Switch [High] PT Pressure Transmitter ZC Position Switch [Closed]
FI Flow Indicator LSHL Level Switch [High/Low] POS Positioner ZO Position Switch [Open]
FIC Flow Indicator Controller LSL Level Switch [Low] PY Relay, Computer, Amplifier, Converter or
FIT Flow Indicator Transmitter LSHH Level Switch High for Level Above LSH I/P Converter etc/ in Pressure Loop
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 TAG NUMBERS – L OOP NUMBER
The number below these letters is the numerator to help identify a specific component on a project
within the control loop. When there are multiples of the same device used in a diagram, this number TI TC TC
helps viewers to reference that specific instrument. 01 01 02
If you were looking at a list of the controls, you could look at the control loop number to find that
specific device on the P&ID. Companies have different protocols for where these numbers originate. SECOND TEMP. CONTROLLER
IN THE CONTROL LOOP

FIRST TEMP. CONTROLLER

IN THE CONTROL LOOP

TAG NUMBERS – INS T RUMEN T L OC AT ION FIRST TEMP. INDICATOR

IN THE CONTROL LOOP
• Located in field
• Not panel, cabinet, or console mounted
• Visible at field location
• Normally operator accessible

• Located in or on front of central or main panel or console

• Visible on front of panel or on video display
• Normally operator accessible at panel front or console
ME A SURED OR INI T I AT ING VA RI A BL E

• Located in rear of central or main panel MODIF IER

• Located in cabinet behind panel
• Not visible on front of panel or on video display
• Not normally operator accessible at panel or console T IC MODIF IER
RE ADOUT/PASSIVE FUNCTION, OUTPUT FUNCTION, MODIFIER

• Located in or on front of secondary or local panel or console

• Visible on front of panel or on video display
01 L OC AT ION INDIC AT OR
FIELD MOUNTED, PRIMARY LOCATION, AUXILIARY LOCATION
• Normally operator accessible at panel front or console
IDEN T IF Y ING NUMBER
• Located in rear of secondary or local panel NUMERATOR IDENTIFICATION WITHIN THE CONTROL LOOP
• Located in field cabinet
• Not visible on front of panel or on video display INS T RUMEN T SY MBOL
• Not normally operator accessible at panel or console DISCRETE INSTRUMENTS, SHARED DISPL AY/CONTROL, ETC.

These symbols may be supplemented with information on the

name of the local control room or the local control panel, just
outside the symbols, for example, COMPRESSOR, i.e., the local
control room or local control panel for a compressor.

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 SY MBOL S – L INE T Y PE S

Piping (Major Projcess)

• Functional diagram continuously variable signal.

Connection to Process (Minor Process) • Electrical schematic ladder diagram signal and power rails.

Undefined Signal • Use for Process Flow Diagrams and diagrams where type of signal is not of concern

• Filled thermal element capillary tube.

Pneumatic Signal
• Filled sensing line between pressure seal and instrument.

• Electronic or electrical continuously variable or binary signal.

Electric Signal
• Functional diagram binary signal.

Hydraulic Signal • Hydraulic Signal

• Filled thermal element capillary tube.

Capillary Tube • Filled sensing line between pressure seal and instrument.

• Guided electromagnetic signal / sonic signal.

Electromagnetic or Sonic Signal (Guided) • Fiber optic cable.

• Unguided electromagnetic signals, light, radiation, radio, sound, wireless, etc.

Electromagnetic or Sonic Signal (Not Guided)
• Wireless instrumentation signal / communication link.

• Communication link and system bus, between devices and functions of a shared display,
Internal System Link (Software or Data Link) shared control system. (DCS, PLC, or PC communication link and system bus.)

Internal System Link (Software or Data Link) • Communication link or bus connecting two or more independent microprocessor or
computer-based systems. (DCS-to-DCS, DCS-to-PLC, PLC-to-PC, DCS-to-Fieldbus, etc.)

Mechanical Link • Mechanical Link

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 SY MBOL S – CON T ROL VA LV E S
Generic two-way valve Symbols 1-14,
a. Generic damper
Straight globe valve when combined
1 12 Generic louver
b. Gate valve with actuator
symbols 1-16,
Generic two-way angle valve represent process
Parallel blade damper control valves.
2 Angle globe valve 13 Parallel blade louver
Safety angle valve
Symbol 2, when
combined with
Generic three-way valve Opposed blade damper actuator symbols
3 Three-way globe valve 14 Opposed blade louver
Arrow indicates failure or unactuated flow path 20 and 21,
represent pressure
safety valves.
Generic four-way valve
4 Four-way four-ported plug or ball valve 15 Two-way on-off solenoid valve Symbols 1 and 9,
Arrows indicates failure or unactuated flow paths
users design
standards will
document which
5 Butterfly valve 16 Angle on-off solenoid valve symbols have been
selected.

Three-way on-off solenoid valve Symbols 15-19,

6 Ball valve 17 Arrow indicates de-energized flow path when combined
with actuator
symbols 13-15,
Four-way plug or ball on-off solenoid valve represent on-off
7 Plug valve 18 solenoid valves.
Arrows indicates de-energized flow paths
Symbol 21, when
combined with
Four-way five-ported on-off solenoid valve
8 Eccentric rotary disc valve 19 actuator symbols
Arrows indicates de-energized flow paths
1-16, represents a
variable speed
a. control unit.
9 Diaphragm valve 20 Permanent magnet variable speed coupling
b.

Electric motor
10 Pinch valve 21 Represents a motor that manipulates
or controls a process variable.

11 Bellows sealed valve

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 SY MBOL S – AC T UAT ORS
Symbols 1-16,
Generic actuator when combined
1 Spring-diaphragm actuator 12 Actuator with top-mounted handwheel
with element
symbols 1-14,
represent
Manual actuator process control
2 Spring-diaphragm actuator with positioner 13 Hand actuator valves and with
element symbol 21
represents a
E variable speed
3 Pressure-balanced diaphragm actuator 14 H Electrohydraulic linear or rotary actuator
control unit.

Symbols 17-19,
Linear piston actuator
Actuator with manual actuated when combined
4 Single acting spring opposed 15
partial stroke test device with element
Double acting.
symbols 15-19,
represent on-off
Actuator with remote actuated solenoid valves.
5 Linear piston actuator with positioner 16 S
partial stroke test device
Symbols 20-21,
when combined
Rotary piston actuator Automatic reset on-off solenoid actuator with element
6 May be single acting spring opposed 17 S
Non-latching on-off solenoid actuator symbol 2, represent
or double acting pressure safety
valves.
S Manual or remote reset on-off solenoid actuator
7 Rotary piston actuator with positioner 18 R Latching on-off solenoid actuator

S Manual and remote reset on-off solenoid actuator

8 Bellows spring opposed actuator 19 R R Latching on-off solenoid actuator

Rotary motor operated actuator

M Spring or weight actuated
9 Electric, pneumatic, or hydraulic 20
Linear or rotary action relief or safety valve actuator

P
S Modulating solenoid actuator Pilot actuated relief or safety valve actuator
10 21 Pilot pressure sensing line deleted if sensing is internal
Solenoid actuator for process on-off valve

11 Actuator with side-mounted handwheel

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 SY MBOL S – COMMON VA LV E SY MBOL S A ND COMBIN AT IONS
+ =
Combining control valve symbols with actuators symbols can yield a variety of results. Below are
some final control elements with actuators and a variety of other common instrument symbols. Globe Hand Hand-Operated
Valve Actuator Globe Valve

GATE VALVES FAIL-SAFE

M H POSITION

Hand Operated Pneumatic Pneumatic Balance

Gate (Manual) (Diaphragm) Motor Hydraulic (Rotary Piston) Diaphragm Pressure Regulator Back Pressure Regulator
Fail Closed
GLOBE VALVES OTHER VALVES
M H S

Fail Open

Globe Hand Operated Pneumatic Motor Hydraulic Bleeder Integrated Block Solenoid Closed Knife Slide
END
CONNECTION
ANGLE VALVES M

Flanged

Angle Hand Operated Pneumatic Motor Angle Blowdown Piston-Operated Float-Operated Rotary Needle Pinch

BALL VALVES H PLUG VALVES M BUTTERFLY VALVES CHECK VALVES Treaded

Ball Hydraulic Plug Motor Butterfly Pneumatic

Check Valve Stop Check Welded

DIAPHRAGM VALVES SAFETY RELIEF QUARTER TURN EQUIPMENT

M
Socket Weld

Quarter Turn Valve Quarter Turn Valve

Diaphragm Motor PSV PRV Double Acting Spring Acting Rotameter Gauge Orifice

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 SY MBOL S – EQ UIPMEN T
C EN T R I F UG A L P U MP S P OSI T I V E DISP L AC E M EN T P U MP S C OOL ING T O W E R S

Positive Displacement
Centrifugal Pumps
Positive Induced Draft
Displacement Crossflow
Progressive Cavity
Vertical

Screw Pump
Horizontal Gear Pump Forced Draft
Counterflow
Screw Pump

Vertical
Vacuum Pump
Vertical Natural Draft
Can Pump Counterflow
Sump Pump Reciprocating Pump

S T OR AGE
Hyperbolic
Chimney Tower
Bin Drum External Floating Roof

Tank Internal Floating Roof Tank Sphere

Dome Roof Tank Double Wall Tank Onion Tank

Open Top Tank Cone Roof Tank

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 SY MBOL S – EQ UIPMEN T
C EN T R I F UG A L C OMP R E S SOR S P D C OMP R E S SOR S R E AC T OR SY MBOL S

Centrifugal Compressor Reciprocating Compressor

T Centrifugal Compressor
Liquid Ring Vacuum
(Turbine Driven)

Hydrocracking Fluid Coking Reformer

Centrifugal Compressor Reciprocating Compressor

Axial Compressor Rotary Compressor

Centrifugal Blower Rotory Compressor & Silencers Hydrodesulfurization Tubular Reactor Fluidized Reactor

MO T OR S Rotary Screw Compressor

Motor

Positive Displacement Blower

Fluid Catalytic Cracking Alkylation Mixing Reactor
Diesel Motor
S T E A M T U R BINE F U R N AC E A ND BOI L E R

Agitator or Mixer Turbine Driver

Furnace Boiler

Doubleflow Turbine

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 SY MBOL S – EQ UIPMEN T

HE AT E XCH A NGE R S

Plate and Frame Spiral

C C Heater
Heat Exchanger Heat Exchanger

Air Cooled Exchanger U-Tube

Condenser
(Louvers Optional) Heat Exchanger

Double-Pipe Single Pass

Heat Exchanger Heat Exchanger
Shell and Tube
Heat Exchanger

Hairpin Exchanger Reboiler

DIS T I L L AT ION SY MBOL S

Single Pass Demister

Spray Nozzle
Chimney

Two Pass Packed Section

Draw Off
Generic Tray Manway

Plate Tower Packed Tower Vortex Breaker

Bubble-cap, Sieve, Valve Saddle, Ring, Sulzer, Rosette

12