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BOLT TORQUES FOR ASME B16.5 FLANGES WITH SHEET GASKETS TO ASME B16.21

FLANGE PRESSURE CLASS 150 lb

NOMINAL FLANGE DIAMETER 15 mm
FLANGE MATERIAL  ASTM A105
GASKET MATERIAL PTFE

STUD BOLT GRADE  ASTM A193-B7

NUT GRADE  ASTM A194-2H
IS FLANGE JOINT INSULATED? NO
0
MAXIMUM FLUID TEMPERATURE 20 C [250 °C MAX]
MINIMUM BOLT UTILISATION 30 % OF YIELD STRENGTH
MAXIMUM BOLT UTILISATION 60 % OF YIELD STRENGTH
STUD BOLT CONDITION NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE)
IGNORE MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE? NO
TORQUE COEFFICIENT, K 0.17
STUD BOLT SIZE 1/2 in
NO. OF STUD BOLTS 4
BOLT LOAD 18.0 kN
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS 12.0 Nm
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS 23.0 Nm

BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS 39.0 Nm

BOLT LOAD REQUIRED FOR MINIMUM BOLT UTILISATION

NOTES:
1. BOLT TORQUE (Nm) = TORQUE COEFFICIENT, K x BOLT LOAD (kN) x BOLT DIAMETER (mm)
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2. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 30 MPa
 3 MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE 120 MP
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NOTES:
1. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD REQUIRED FOR MINIMUM BOLT UTILISATION
2. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD REQUIRED FOR MINIMUM BOLT UTILISATION

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TORQUE TABLES FOR ASME B16.5 FLANGES WITH SHEET GASKETS TO ASME B16.21

FLANGE SPECIFICATION: ASME B16.5

MAXIMUM FLUID TEMPERATURE: 20 °C
FLANGE MATERIAL: ASTM A105
STUD BOLT SPECIFICATION:  ASTM A193-B7
NUT SPECIFICATION: ASTM A194-2H
GASKET SPECIFICATION: PTFE
BOLT LUBRICANT: NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE)
TORQUE COEFFICIENT: 0.17

CLASS 150
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
BOLT SIZE (in) 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4
NO. OF BOLTS 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 16 16 20 20
BOLT LOAD (kN) 18.0 24.1 31.0 36.0 36.0 57.7 57.7 57.7 55.6 52.6 86.1 86.1 86.1 119 119 157 157 207 207 263
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (Nm) 12.0 16.0 21.0 24.0 24.0 47.0 47.0 47.0 45.0 43.0 84.0 84.0 84.0 136 136 204 204 302 302 427
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (Nm) 23.0 32.0 41.0 47.0 47.0 94.0 94.0 94.0 90.0 86.0 168 168 168 271 271 407 407 603 603 853
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (Nm) 39.0 53.0 67.0 78.0 78.0 156 156 156 150 143 279 279 279 452 452 678 678 1004 1004 1421
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (ft.lb) 9.0 12.0 15.0 18.0 18.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 34.0 32.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 100 100 150 150 223 223 315
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (ft.lb) 17.0 24.0 30.0 35.0 35.0 69.0 69.0 69.0 67.0 63.0 124 124 124 200 200 300 300 445 445 629
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (ft.lb) 29.0 39.0 50.0 58.0 58.0 115 115 115 111 105 206 206 206 333 333 500 500 741 741 1048

CLASS 300
NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm)
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
BOLT SIZE (in) 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/2
NO. OF BOLTS 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 16 16 20 20 24 24 24
BOLT LOAD (kN) 18.0 28.9 32.8 51.0 67.8 48.1 63.8 86.1 86.1 86.1 86.1 86.1 119 157 207 135 195 229 261 335
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (Nm) 12.0 23.0 27.0 41.0 66.0 39.0 62.0 84.0 84.0 84.0 84.0 84.0 135 203 301 197 316 371 422 652
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (Nm) 23.0 47.0 53.0 83.0 132 78.0 124 167 167 167 167 167 271 407 602 395 632 742 845 1303
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (Nm) 39.0 78.0 88.0 138 220 130 207 279 279 279 279 279 451 678 1004 658 1053 1237 1408 2172
BOLT TORQUE 1ST PASS (ft.lb) 9.0 17.0 20.0 30.0 49.0 29.0 46.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 62.0 100 150 222 146 233 274 311 481
BOLT TORQUE 2ND PASS (ft.lb) 17.0 34.0 39.0 61.0 97.0 57.0 91.0 123 123 123 123 123 200 300 444 291 466 547 623 961
BOLT TORQUE FINAL PASS (ft.lb) 29.0 57.0 65.0 102 162 96.0 152 206 206 206 206 206 333 500 740 485 776 912 1038 1602

NOTES:
1. BOLT TORQUE (Nm) = TORQUE COEFFICIENT, K x BOLT LOAD (kN) x BOLT DIAMETER (mm).
2. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 30 MPa (CLASS 150) & 40 MPa (CLASS 300).
3. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 120 MPa.
4. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 30% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
5. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.
6. FOR FLANGE BOLTING PROCEDURE REFER TO DRAWING NO. 467972.
7. WASHERS ARE TO BE USED UNDER EACH NUT FOR STUD BOLT SIZES > 1"
8. TABLES ARE TO BE USED AS A GENERAL GUIDE.
9. TABLES SHOULD NOT BE CONSIDERED TO CONTAIN ABSOLUTE VALUES DUE TO THE LARGE NUMBER OF UNCONTROLLABLE VARIABLES INVOLVED WITH BOLTED JOINTS.
10. ALL BOLT TORQUE TABLES ARE BASED ON THE USE NEW BOLTS AND NUTS.
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REVIEW CALCULATIONS

FLANGE SPECIFICATION: ASME B16.5

MAXIMUM FLUID TEMPERATURE: 20 °C

FLANGE MATERIAL: ASTM A105
STUD BOLT SPECIFICATION:  ASTM A193-B7
NUT SPECIFICATION: ASTM A194-2H
GASKET SPECIFICATION: PTFE

CLASS 150
 
15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80
GASKET PRESSURE (MPa) 126 114 114 85 64 63 54 37
BOLT UTILISATION (% YS) 30 40 52 60 60 60 60 60
FLANGE STRESS LEVEL (% ALLOW) 94 100 100 72 60 75 81 61
B

1. MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 30 MPa. LEGEND:

2. MAXIMUM GASKET PRESSURE = 120 MPa. G: BOLT L
3. MINIMUM BOLT LOAD = 30% OF YIELD STRENGTH. B: BOLT L
4. MAXIMUM BOLT LOAD = 60% OF YIELD STRENGTH.

CLASS 300
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NO.

NOMINAL DIAMETER (mm) MIN REC

90 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 600
64 48 64 50 37 64 48 58 61 59 67 67 0 30
58 55 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 0 30
100 100 97 72 60 91 64 97 95 77 89 90 0

OAD REQUIRED FOR MINIMUM GASKET PRESSURE

OAD REQUIRED FOR MINIMUM BOLT UTILISATION

NO.

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< MIN RECOMMENDED

AVE (< MIN REC) MIN MAX

37 126
30 60
60 100

< MIN RECOMMENDED

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Calculations For ASME B16.5 Flanges With Sheet Gaskets to ASME B16.21

Flange Material =  ASTM A105

Stud Bolt Grade =  ASTM A193-B7
Nut Grade =  ASTM A194-2H
M in im um G as ke t Pr es su re Cl as s 15 0 = 3 0 M Pa
M in im um G as ke t Pr es su re Cl as s 30 0 = 4 0 M Pa
M ax im um Ga sk et Pr es su re = 1 20 M Pa
M in im um Bo lt L oa d = 3 0 % o f Yi el d S tr en gt h
M ax im um Bo lt Lo ad = 6 0 % of Yi el d S tr en gt h
Bolt Condition = NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE)
Torque Coefficient, K = 0.17

Class 150

Nominal Pipe Size (mm)

15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Gasket OD (mm) 4 8. 0 5 7. 0 6 7.0 7 6.0 8 6.0 1 05 .0 1 24 .0 1 37 .0 1 62 .0 1 75 .0 1 97 .0 2 22 .0 2 79 .0 3 40 .0 4 10 .0 4 51 .0 5 14 .0 5 49 .0 6 06 .0
Gasket ID (mm) 2 1. 0 2 7. 0 3 3.0 4 2.0 4 8.0 6 0. 0 7 3.0 8 9. 0 1 02 .0 1 14 .0 1 4 1.0 1 6 8.0 2 19 .0 2 73 .0 3 24 .0 3 56 .0 4 06 .0 4 57 .0 5 08 .0
Raised Face Diameter (mm) 3 4. 9 4 2. 9 5 0.8 6 3.5 7 3.0 9 2. 1 1 04 .8 1 27 .0 1 39 .7 1 57 .2 1 85 .7 2 15 .9 2 69 .9 3 23 .8 3 81 .0 4 12 .8 4 69 .9 5 33 .4 5 84 .2
Slip-on Flange Bore (mm) 2 2. 2 2 7. 7 3 4.5 4 3.2 4 9.5 6 1. 9 7 4.6 9 0. 7 1 03 .4 1 16 .1 1 4 3.8 1 7 0.7 2 21 .5 2 76 .2 3 27 .0 3 59 .2 4 10 .5 4 61 .8 5 13 .1
Weld Neck Flange Bore (mm) 1 5. 8 2 0. 9 2 6.6 3 5.1 4 0.9 5 2. 5 6 2.7 7 7. 9 9 0.1 1 02 .3 1 28 .2 1 54 .1 2 0 2. 7 2 54 .6 3 04 .8 3 36 .6 3 87 .4 4 38 .0 4 89 .0
Gasket Contact ID (mm) 22.2 27.7 34.5 43.2 49.5 61.9 74.6 90.7 103.4 116.1 143.8 170.7 221.5 276.2 327.0 359.2 410.5 461.8 513.1
Gasket Contact OD (mm) 34.9 42.9 50.8 63.5 73.0 92.1 104.8 127.0 139.7 157.2 185.7 215.9 269.9 323.8 381.0 412.8 469.9 533.4 584.2
No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 12 16 16 20
Size of Bolts (in) 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 7/8 1 1 1 1/8 1 1/8
Threads per Inch 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 11.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 9.0 9.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0
Gasket Contact Area (mm2) 570 843 1092 1701 2261 3653 4255 6207 6931 8822 10843 13724 18680 22431 30027 32499 41073 55965 61275
Bolt Core Area (mm2) 83.4 83.4 83.4 83.4 83.4 133.6 133.6 133.6 133.6 133.6 199.4 199.4 199.4 276.5 276.5 363.2 363.2 478.4 478.4
Bolt Yield Strength (MPa) 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
Maximum Bolt Load Based on Flange Strength (MPa) 19 24 31 50 60 77 71 95 56 53 89 120 144 132 186 162 165 268 233
Maximum Bolt Load Available (kN) 36 36 36 36 36 58 58 58 58 58 86 86 86 119 119 157 157 207 207
Maximum Gasket Pressure Available (MPa) 253 171 132 85 64 63 54 37 67 52 64 50 37 64 48 58 61 59 67
Maximum Gasket Pressure Recommended or Available (MPa) 120.0 120.0 120.0 84.7 63.7 63.2 54.3 37.2 66.6 52.3 63.6 50.2 36.9 63.9 47.7 57.9 61.1 59.1 67.5
Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Bolt Utilisation (kN) 18 18 18 18 18 29 29 29 29 29 43 43 43 60 60 78 78 103 103
Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Gasket Pressure (kN) 4.3 6.3 8.2 12.8 17.0 27.4 31.9 46.5 26.0 33.1 40.7 51.5 70.0 56.1 75.1 81.2 77.0 104.9 91.9
Minimum Bolt Load (kN) 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 18.0 28.9 31.9 46.5 28.9 33.1 43.1 51.5 70.0 59.7 75.1 81.2 78.5 104.9 103.3
Minimum Bolt Torque (Nm) 38.9 38.9 38.9 38.9 38.9 77.9 86.1 125.6 77.9 89.3 139.5 166.7 226.9 225.6 283.6 350.8 338.8 509.7 501.9
Preferred Bolt Load (kN) 17.1 24.1 31.0 36.0 36.0 57.7 57.7 57.7 55.6 52.6 86.1 86.1 86.1 119.4 119.4 156.9 156.9 206.7 206.7
Preferred Bolt Torque (Nm) 36.9 52.0 67.0 77.8 77.8 155.7 155.7 155.7 150.0 142.0 279.0 279.0 279.0 451.3 451.3 677.5 677.5 1003.9 1003.9
Preferred Gasket Pressure (MPa) 120 114 114 85 64 63 54 37 64 48 64 50 37 64 48 58 61 59 67

Class 300

Nominal Pipe Size (mm)

15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500
Gasket OD (mm) 5 4. 0 6 7. 0 7 3.0 8 3.0 9 5.0 1 11 .0 1 30 .0 1 49 .0 1 65 .0 1 81 .0 2 16 .0 2 51 .0 3 08 .0 3 62 .0 4 22 .0 4 86 .0 5 40 .0 5 97 .0 6 54 .0
Gasket ID (mm) 2 1. 0 2 7. 0 3 3.0 4 2.0 4 8.0 6 0. 0 7 3.0 8 9. 0 1 02 .0 1 14 .0 1 4 1.0 1 6 8.0 2 19 .0 2 73 .0 3 24 .0 3 56 .0 4 06 .0 4 57 .0 5 08 .0
Raised Face Diameter (mm) 3 4. 9 4 2. 9 5 0.8 6 3.5 7 3.0 9 2. 1 1 04 .8 1 27 .0 1 39 .7 1 57 .2 1 85 .7 2 15 .9 2 69 .9 3 23 .8 3 81 .0 4 12 .8 4 69 .9 5 33 .4 5 84 .2
Slip-on Flange Bore (mm) 2 2. 2 2 7. 7 3 4.5 4 3.2 4 9.5 6 1. 9 7 4.6 9 0. 7 1 03 .4 1 16 .1 1 4 3.8 1 7 0.7 2 21 .5 2 76 .2 3 27 .0 3 59 .2 4 10 .5 4 61 .8 5 13 .1
Weld Neck Flange Bore (mm) 1 5. 8 2 0. 9 2 6.6 3 5.1 4 0.9 5 2. 5 6 2.7 7 7. 9 9 0.1 1 02 .3 1 28 .2 1 54 .1 2 0 2. 7 2 54 .6 3 04 .8 3 36 .6 3 87 .4 4 38 .0 4 89 .0
Gasket Contact ID (mm) 22.2 27.7 34.5 43.2 49.5 61.9 74.6 90.7 103.4 116.1 143.8 170.7 221.5 276.2 327.0 359.2 410.5 461.8 513.1
Gasket Contact OD (mm) 34.9 42.9 50.8 63.5 73.0 92.1 104.8 127.0 139.7 157.2 185.7 215.9 269.9 323.8 381.0 412.8 469.9 533.4 584.2
No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 16 16 20 20 24 24
Size of Bolts (in) 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/4

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Threads per Inch 13.00 11.0 11.0 11.0 10.0 11.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0
2
Gasket Contact Area (mm ) 570 843 1092 1701 2261 3653 4255 6207 6931 8822 10843 13724 18680 22431 30027 32499 41073 55965 61275
2
Bolt Core Area (mm ) 83.4 133.6 133.6 133.6 199.4 133.6 199.4 199.4 199.4 199.4 199.4 199.4 276.5 363.2 478.4 478.4 609.4 609.4 609.4
Bolt Yield Strength (MPa) 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
Maximum Bolt Load Based on Flange Strength (MPa) 24 38 42 67 78 48 64 87 106 118 135 91 149 171 228 135 195 229 261
Maximum Bolt Load Available (kN) 36 58 58 58 86 58 86 86 86 86 86 86 119 157 207 207 263 263 263
Maximum Gasket Pressure Available (MPa) 253 274 211 136 152 126 162 111 99 78 64 75 77 112 110 127 128 113 103
Maximum Gasket Pressure Recommended or Available (MPa) 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 120.0 111.0 99.4 78.1 63.6 75.3 76.7 111.9 110.1 120.0 120.0 112.9 103.1
Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Bolt Utilisation (kN) 18 29 29 29 43 29 43 43 43 43 43 43 60 78 103 103 132 132 132
Minimum Bolt Load Based on Minimum Gasket Pressure (kN) 5.7 8.4 10.9 17.0 22.6 18.3 21.3 31.0 34.7 44.1 54.2 45.7 62.3 56.1 75.1 65.0 82.1 93.3 102.1
Minimum Bolt Load (kN) 18.0 28.9 28.9 28.9 43.1 28.9 43.1 43.1 43.1 44.1 54.2 45.7 62.3 78.5 103.3 103.3 131.6 131.6 131.6
Minimum Bolt Torque (Nm) 38.9 77.9 77.9 77.9 139.5 77.9 139.5 139.5 139.5 142.9 175.6 148.2 235.3 338.8 501.9 501.9 710.4 710.4 710.4
Preferred Bolt Load (kN) 17.1 25.3 32.8 51.0 67.8 48.1 63.8 86.1 86.1 86.1 86.1 86.1 119.4 156.9 206.7 135.4 195.0 229.1 260.8
Preferred Bolt Torque (Nm) 36.9 68.2 88.4 137.7 219.7 129.8 206.7 279.0 279.0 279.0 279.0 279.0 451.3 677.5 1003.9 657.6 1052.5 1236.7 1407.7
Preferred Gasket Pressure (MPa) 120 120 120 120 120 105 120 111 99 78 64 75 77 112 110 83 95 98 102

Notes:

1. Tables are to be used only as a general guide.

2. Tables should not be considered to contain absolute values due to the large number of uncontrollable variables involved with bolted joints.
3. All bolt torque values are based upon the use of new nuts and new bolts of proper design, acceptable quality and approved materials of construction as well as metallurgy.
4. Washers are be used under the head of each nut and the lubricant is to be used on the nuts, bolts and washers.
5. The flanges are assumed to be in good condition and in compliance with ASME B16.5 specifications. Special attention should be given to seating surface finish and flatness.
6. Only torque wrenches that have been calibrated should be used.
7. Refer to Drawing No. 467972 for the flange bolting procedure to be used.
8. No provisions have been made in these tables to account for vibration effects on the bolts.

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600
718.0
610.0
692.2
616.0
591.0
616.0
692.2
20
1 1/4
8.0
78292
609.4
720
292
263
67
67.2
132
117.4
131.6
710.4
263.3
1420.9
67

Gasket

600
775.0
610.0
692.2
616.0
591.0
616.0
692.2
24
1 1/2

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8.0
78292
918.9
720
335
397
122
120.0
198
130.5
198.5
1285.5
335.4
2172.3
103

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Data For ASME B16.5 Flanges & ASME B16.21 Sheet Gaskets
O
Maximum Fluid Temperature = 250 C
Class 150
Nom. Pipe Size (inches)
0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 5 6 8 10
Gasket OD (mm) 48 57 67 76 86 105 124 137 162 175 197 222 279 340
Gasket ID (mm) 21 27 33 42 48 60 73 89 102 114 141 168 219 273
Raised Face Diameter (mm) 34.9 42.9 50.8 63.5 73.0 92.1 104.8 127.0 139.7 157.2 185.7 215.9 269.9 323.8
Slip-on Flange Bore (mm) 22.2 27.7 34.5 43.2 49.5 61.9 74.6 90.7 103.4 116.1 143.8 170.7 221.5 276.2
Weld Neck Flange Standard Bore (mm) 15.8 20.9 26.6 35.1 40.9 52.5 62.7 77.9 90.1 102.3 128.2 154.1 202.7 254.6
No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 12
Size of Bolts (inches) 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8
Threads per Inch 13 13 13 13 13 11 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 9
Size of Bolts (mm) 12 12 12 12 12 16 16 16 16 16 20 20 20 24
Thread Pitch (mm) 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 1.75 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Carbon Steel (MPa) 231 289 372 598 720 579 534 714 416 394 446 603 720 477
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Stainless Steel (MPa) 192 240 309 497 598 481 444 593 346 327 370 501 598 396

Class 300
Nom. Pipe Size (inches)
0.5 0.75 1 1.25 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 5 6 8 10
Gasket OD (mm) 54 67 73 83 95 111 130 149 165 181 216 251 308 362
Gasket ID (mm) 21 27 33 42 48 60 73 89 102 114 141 168 219 273
Raised Face Diameter (mm) 34.9 42.9 50.8 63.5 73.0 92.1 104.8 127.0 139.7 157.2 185.7 215.9 269.9 323.8
Slip-on Flange Bore (mm) 22.2 27.7 34.5 43.2 49.5 61.9 74.6 90.7 103.4 116.1 143.8 170.7 221.5 276.2
Weld Neck Flange Standard Bore (mm) 15.8 20.9 26.6 35.1 40.9 52.5 62.7 77.9 90.1 102.3 128.2 154.1 202.7 254.6
No. of Bolts 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 12 12 16
Size of Bolts (inches) 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 1
Threads per Inch 13 11 11 11 10 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 9 8
Size of Bolts (mm) 12 16 16 16 20 16 20 20 20 20 20 20 24 27
Thread Pitch (mm) 1.75 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.5 2.0 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 3.0 3.0
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Carbon Steel (MPa) 287 287 318 503 392 360 321 434 533 594 678 458 538 472
Maximum Bolt Stress Based on Flange Strength - Stainless Steel (MPa) 238 238 264 418 326 299 267 361 443 493 563 380 447 392

Flange Sizes

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

150 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150 200 250

300 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150 200 250

150 15 20 25 32 40 50 65 80 90 100 125 150 200 250

Bolt / Nut Data

Bolt Yield Strength Ratios

MATERIAL TEMPERATURE (OC)

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20 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 425 450 500 525 1
ASTM A193-B7 (d <= 2 1/2") 1.00 1.00 0.93 0.89 0.87 0.85 0.82 2
ASTM A193-B7 (d <= 4") 1.00 1.00 0.93 0.89 0.87 0.85 0.82 3
ASTM A193-B16 (d <= 2 1/2") 1.00 1.00 0.96 0.94 0.92 0.89 0.87 0.85 0.82 0.80 4
ASTM A193-B16 (d <= 4") 1.00 1.00 0.96 0.94 0.92 0.89 0.87 0.85 0.82 0.80 5
ASTM A193-B8 (d <= 3/4") 1.00 1.00 0.78 0.71 0.66 0.63 0.61 0.58 0.55 0.53 0.52 0.49 0.48 6
ASTM A193-B8 (d <= 1") 1.00 1.00 0.82 0.78 0.72 0.68 0.65 0.59 0.58 0.56 0.56 0.53 0.53 7
ASTM A193-B8 (d <= 1 1/4") 1.00 1.00 0.89 0.84 0.81 0.80 0.80 0.76 0.74 0.72 0.71 0.68 0.67 8
ASTM A193-B8 (d <= 1 1/2") 1.00 1.00 0.89 0.84 0.82 0.81 0.80 0.76 0.74 0.73 0.72 0.69 0.68 9
ASTM A193-B8M (d <= 3/4") 1.00 1.00 0.82 0.75 0.69 0.65 0.62 0.60 0.57 0.56 0.55 10
ASTM A193-B8M (d <= 1") 1.00 1.00 0.86 0.82 0.75 0.70 0.66 0.61 0.60 0.59 0.59 11
ASTM A193-B8M (d <= 1 1/4") 1.00 1.00 0.93 0.88 0.84 0.82 0.81 0.79 0.77 0.76 0.75 12
ASTM A193-B8M (d <= 1 1/2") 1.00 1.00 0.93 0.89 0.85 0.83 0.81 0.79 0.77 0.77 0.76 13
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 1 1.00 1.00 0.82 0.75 0.70 0.66 0.63 0.60 0.58 0.57 0.56 0.54 0.53 14
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 1 1.00 1.00 0.86 0.79 0.73 0.68 0.64 0.62 0.60 0.60 0.59 0.58 0.57 15
AS 1111.1-4.6 1.00 1.00 0.91 0.89 0.85 16

Bolt Yield Strength at Maximum Operating Temperature

Class 150 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 550
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 550
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 1 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 1 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205
AS 1111.1-4.6 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240

ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720

Class 300 1/2 5/8 5/8 5/8 3/4 5/8 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 3/4 7/8 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 550 550
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 550 550
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 1 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 1 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205
AS 1111.1-4.6 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240

ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720

Bolt / Nut Combinations

1 2
ASTM A193-B7  ASTM A194-2H
ASTM A193-B16  ASTM A194-4
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2  ASTM A194-8 (STRAIN HARDENED)
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2  ASTM A194-8M (STRAIN HARDENED)

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ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 1  ASTM A194-8
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 1  ASTM A194-8M
AS 1111.1-4.6  AS 1112.3-5

ASTM A193-B7  ASTM A194-2H

0
Temperature Limits ( C)

1 2
Bolt Material Max Temp

ASTM A193-B7 300 1

ASTM A193-B16 425 1
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 525 1
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 450 1
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 1 525 0
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 1 525 0
AS 1111.1-4.6 200 0

ASTM A193-B7 300 1

Gasket Data
Minimum & Maximum Recommended Gasket Pressure (MPa)

1 2 3 4
Gasket Material Min 150 Min 300 Max
PTFE 30 40 120 1
COMPRESSED NON-ASBESTOS FIBRE 30 40 100 1
FLEXIBLE GRAPHITE 30 40 80 1
RUBBER 70 SHORE DUROMETER OR ABOVE 4 4 8 0
RUBBER BELOW 70 SHORE DUROMETER 4 4 6 0

PTFE 30 40 120 1

150 30

0
Temperature Limits ( C)

1 2
Gasket Material Min 150
PTFE 250
COMPRESSED NON-ASBESTOS FIBRE 150
FLEXIBLE GRAPHITE 450
RUBBER 70 SHORE DUROMETER OR ABOVE 100
RUBBER BELOW 70 SHORE DUROMETER 100

PTFE 250

Input Data

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Minimum Bolt Utilisation (% of Yield Strength)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Gasket Material Minimum Bolt Utilisation (%)
PTFE 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
COMPRESSED NON-ASBESTOS FIBRE 0 5 10 15 20 25 30
FLEXIBLE GRAPHITE 0 5 10 15 15 15 20
RUBBER 70 SHORE DUROMETER OR ABOVE 0
RUBBER BELOW 70 SHORE DUROMETER 0

PTFE 0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Flange Material

Flange Material
 ASTM A105
 ASTM A182-F304
 ASTM A182-F304L
 ASTM A182-F316
 ASTM A182-F316L

Flange Yield Strengths

o
C Stress Temp Stress
Operating Temp. 20 248 20 248
50 248
20 248

Max. Temp.
Material 20 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600
Limit
ASTM A105 400 248 248 226 220 214 204 188 181 173 0 0 0 0
ASTM A182-F304 550 206 206 170 155 144 135 128 124 119 115 111 107 0
ASTM A182-F304L 550 172 172 145 132 122 114 108 104 101 98 95 92 0
ASTM A182-F316 550 206 206 176 161 149 139 132 127 123 121 119 117 0
ASTM A182-F316L 550 172 172 144 131 120 112 105 101 96 93 89 85 0

ASTM A105 Ref. Reduct. Reduct.

Stress Factor 1 Factor 2
248 1.00 1.00

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Bolt Torque Coefficients

ASTM A193-B7 & B16 STUD BOLTS ASTM A193-B8 & B8M CLASS 2 STUD BOLTS

12 14 16 18 20 24 BOLT CONDITION K BOLT CONDITION K

410 451 514 549 606 718 1px1 (MOLY)V 0.18 COPPER BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.19
324 356 406 457 508 610  AS RECEIVED 0.20 NO LUBRICANT - CLEAN STAINLESS STEEL 0.30
381.0 412.8 469.9 533.4 584.2 692.2  AS RECEIVED OR LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 771 0.13 GENERAL MACHINE OIL 0.24
327.0 359.2 410.5 461.8 513.1 616.0 BOWMAN ANTI-SEIZE 0.12 LIGHTLY OILED 0.24
304.8 336.6 387.4 438.0 489.0 591.0 CADMIUM PLATED 0.17 LOW FRICTION OIL 0.18
12 12 16 16 20 20 CADMIUM PLATED (DEGREASED) 0.20 MOLYBDENUM DISULPHIDE BASED GREASE 0.17
7/8 1 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 CADMIUM PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.14 MOLYBOND GA50 0.17
9 8 8 8 8 8 CADMIUM PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243) 0.13 NICKEL BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.18
24 27 27 30 30 33 CLEAN, NONPLATED, AS RECEIVED 0.20 NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE) 0.21
3.0 3.0 3.0 3.5 3.5 3.5 COPPER BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.16
674 445 453 561 487 479 DEGREASED & LOCTITE 243 0.20
560 370 376 466 405 398 E XP OS ED T O E LE ME NT S, B EG INNI NG T O O XI DI SE 0.30

GALVANISED (DEGREASED) 0.42

GALVANISED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.22
GENERAL MACHINE OIL 0.20
12 14 16 18 20 24 GREASE 0.16
422 486 540 597 654 775 GREASE (HEAVY) 0.14
324 356 406 457 508 610 HOT DIPPED GALVANISED 0.25

381.0 412.8 469.9 533.4 584.2 692.2 INORGANIC SILICATE (IOZ) 0.17
327.0 359.2 410.5 461.8 513.1 616.0 LIGHTLY OILED 0.20
304.8 336.6 387.4 438.0 489.0 591.0 LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243 0.14
16 20 20 24 24 24 LOCTITE MOLY PASTE 0.11
1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/2 LOW FRICTION OIL 0.15
8 8 8 8 8 8 MOLYBDENUM DISULPHIDE BASED GREASE 0.14
30 30 33 33 33 39 MOLYBOND GA50 0.14
3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 4 MOLYKOTE 0.18
476 283 320 376 428 365 MOLYKOTE P74 0.14
395 235 266 312 356 303 NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE) 0.17
NICKEL BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.15
NO LUBRICANT - CLEAN STEEL 0.25

NONPLATED, BLACK FINISH 0.30

16 17 18 19 20 21 PHOSPHATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.14

300 350 400 450 500 600 P HO SP HA TE D ( LI GH TL Y O IL ED & L OC TI TE 2 43 ) 0 .1 1

300 350 400 450 500 600 PHOSPHATED (DEGREASED) 0.24
PHOSPHATED (DEGREASED & LOCTITE 243) 0.14
300 350 400 450 500 600 SOLID PTFE FILM 0.12
TEFLON 7630 0.09
WAXED 0.10

XYLAN 0.10
ZINC PLATED 0.22
ZINC PLATED (DRY) 0.29
ZINC PLATED (DEGREASED) 0.14
O
Maximum Bolt Operating Temperature = 20 C ZINC PLATED (DEGREASED & LOCTITE 243) 0.15

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ZINC PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.18
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00 Z IN C PL AT ED (L IG HTL Y O IL ED & L OCT ITE 24 3) 0 .1 6
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00
20 50 20 1.00 1.00 1.00

7/8 1 1 1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 <--- BOLT SIZES (in)

16 17 18 19 20 21
720 720 720 720 720 720
720 720 720 720 720 720
550 550 550 450 450 450
550 550 550 450 450 450
205 205 205 205 205 205
205 205 205 205 205 205
240 240 240 240 240 240

720 720 720 720 720 720

1 1/8 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/4 1 1/2 <--- BOLT SIZES (in)

16 17 18 19 20 21
720 720 720 720 720 720
720 720 720 720 720 720
450 450 450 450 450 345
450 450 450 450 450 345
205 205 205 205 205 205
205 205 205 205 205 205
240 240 240 240 240 240

720 720 720 720 720 720

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ASTM A193-B7 & B16 STUD BOLTS

1 2
BOLT CONDITION K
1px1 (MOLY)V 0.18
 AS RECEIVED 0.20
 AS RECEIVED OR LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 771 0.13
BOWMAN ANTI-SEIZE 0.12
CADMIUM PLATED 0.17
CADMIUM PLATED (DEGREASED) 0.20
CADMIUM PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.14
C AD MI UM PL AT ED (L IG HT LY OI LE D & LO CT IT E 2 43 ) 0 .1 3
CLEAN, NONPLATED, AS RECEIVED 0.20
COPPER BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.16
DEGREASED & LOCTITE 243 0.20
E XP OS ED T O E LE ME NT S, B EG IN NI NG T O O XI DI SE 0 .3 0

GALVANISED (DEGREASED) 0.42

GALVANISED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.22
GENERAL MACHINE OIL 0.20
GREASE 0.16
GREASE (HEAVY) 0.14
HOT DIPPED GALVANISED 0.25

INORGANIC SILICATE (IOZ) 0.17

LIGHTLY OILED 0.20
LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243 0.14
LOCTITE MOLY PASTE 0.11
LOW FRICTION OIL 0.15
MOLYBDENUM DISULPHIDE BASED GREASE 0.14
MOLYBOND GA50 0.14
MOLYKOTE 0.18
MOLYKOTE P74 0.14
NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE) 0.17
NICKEL BASED ANTI-SEIZE 0.15
NO LUBRICANT - CLEAN STEEL 0.25

NONPLATED, BLACK FINISH 0.30

PHOSPHATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.14

PHOSPHATED (LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243) 0.11

PHOSPHATED (DEGREASED) 0.24
PHOSPHATED (DEGREASED & LOCTITE 243) 0.14
SOLID PTFE FILM 0.12
TEFLON 7630 0.09
WAXED 0.10

XYLAN 0.10
ZINC PLATED 0.22
ZINC PLATED (DRY) 0.29
ZINC PLATED (DEGREASED) 0.14
ZINC PLATED (DEGREASED & LOCTITE 243) 0.15

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ZINC PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED) 0.18
ZINC PLATED (LIGHTLY OILED & LOCTITE 243) 0.16

NEVER-SEIZE (PASTE) 0.17

ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 550 550 550
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 550 550 550
ASTM A193 GRADE B8 CLASS 1 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205
ASTM A193 GRADE B8M CLASS 1 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205
AS 1111.1-4.6 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240

ASTM A193-B7 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B16 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720 720
ASTM A193-B8 CLASS 2 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 690 550 550 450 450
ASTM A193-B8M CLASS 2 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 665 550 550 450 450
ASTM A193 GRADE B8 CLASS 1 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205
ASTM A193 GRADE B8M CLASS 1 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205 205
AS 1111.1-4.6 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240 240

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720 720 720 720

720 720 720 720
550 450 450 450
550 450 450 450
205 205 205 205
205 205 205 205
240 240 240 240

720 720 720 720

720 720 720 720
450 450 450 345
450 450 450 345
205 205 205 205
205 205 205 205

240 240 240 240

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