SIMPLE TENSES

V1 /Do, Does/ Am, Is, Are - She usually eats fish

Zaman Zarfları; - They visit their parents every weekend

PRESENT
 always - The ratio of inflation is high nowadays
SIMPLE
 usually/generally
 sometimes/ occasionally - Does his father take you to the school every
morning?
 often/frequently
 every…
 still
 nowadays/thesedays

FUTURE SIMPLE will + V0 - Tomorrow, it will be sunny

am, is, are going to + V0 - She is pregnant. She is going to have a baby soon.
Zaman Zarfları;
- Before long, the government’s new project will
solve the housing problem
 tomorrow
 next…
 Before long / Shortly/ Soon
(yakında)

V2 / Did/ Was, Were - Aziz Nesin wrote many books

Zaman Zarfları; - We met two years ago

PAST SIMPLE
 in 1980 etc. - When did you become theacher?
 yesterday
 ago - How was your exam yesterday?
 last
- Initially, there weren’t many people in this city.
 Initially-At first-At the
beginning
- Until recently, people thought that they could lose
 At that time-At the time-
weight just through a strict diet.
At that moment
 Until recently
 Özne yaşamayan şahıs ise;
 CONTINUOUS TENSES
Am, Is, Are V-ing - Currently, she is working as an
assistant director in a big firm
PRESENT Zaman Zarfları;
- They are living in a small farm house
CONT. with their grandparents now.
 now
 at present/ at the moment
 currently
 for the time being

Will be V-ing
- (At) this time next week, we will be
Zaman Zarfları; flying to New York

FUTURE  (At) This time + future zaman

CONT.

Was / Were V-ing - While I was working hard for the

exam, other children were playing in
While the garden
Just as was/were V-ing , was/ were V-ing / V2
PAST CONT. As - As she was leaving home, the
telephone rang.

- When we saw her, she was walking

When V2 , was/ were V-ing / V2 down the street

- When the teacher came, all students

stopped talking.
 PERFECT TENSES
Have / Has V3 - So far, they haven’t done anything to curb inflation

- She has written several plays recently

Zaman Zarfları;
 so far/thus far/ by now/ up to date/ - In recent decades, we have witnessed great price
to date/ until now/ till now/ up till
rices
now/ up until now/ up to the
present/ hither to - I have slept almost a few hours for the last 3 days
(şuana kadar, bugüne kadar)
 recently/ lately - Since 1996, we haven’t met
 in/during recent
PRESENT  recent - We have lived in four different houses since we
PERFECT  in the last/ in the past moved here
for the last/ for the past
over the last/ over the past - He hasn’t had the opportunity to have a long
during the last/ during the past (days, holiday for years
weeks etc.)
 since + 1990 / since + Yaşamayan
şahıs/ since+ V2
 for +zaman ifadesi
 JUST / ALREADY/ YET
Will Have V3 - By next week, I will have completed the work that
FUTURE you have given me
PERFECT By + future zaman
- If you don’t hurry up, the train will have left by the
By the time S V O, S V O time we reach the station

Had V3 (mutlaka V2 ile) - After she had graduated (graduated) from

university, she went to England
After
- Once the couple had left the party, people began to
As soon as
gossip about them
Once Had V3 , V2
PAST Because (V2)
- By the time she came back, I had finished my work
Although
PERFECT - Before the rescue team arrived, the severely injured
man had died.
When
Until
- He realized that he had forgotten (forgot) his wallet
By the time V2 , Had V3
inside the house
Before (V2)
- She missed the country where she had been born
(was born)
V2 that Had V3 (V2)
who
- I didn’t understand why he had reacted (reacted) to
which
me so angrily
where
why
how etc.
 PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSES
Have / Has Been V-ing - How long have you been living
here?
Zaman Zarfları;
 How long….? - We have been living in this city
for 12 years
 recently/ lately
PRESENT
- It has been raining since
PERFECT  in/during recent yesterday morning.

CONT.  recent
- Recently, she has been working
on a Project

 in the last/ in the past

for the last/ for the past
over the last/ over the past
during the last/ during the past (days,
weeks etc.)

 since + 1990 / since + Yaşamayan şahıs/

since+ V2

 for+ zaman ifadesi

Will Have Been V-ing - At this time next year, I will

FUTURE have been working in this
PERFECT CONT. Future +zaman ifadesinin yanısıra, factory for 2 years.
For + zaman ifadesiyle;
- By the time she comes back,
children will have been working
for almost 2 hours.

Had Been V-ing (mutlaka V2 ile) - When the war broke out, they
PAST PERFECT had been living there for 6
CONT. V2 ve For+ Zaman ifadesi ile; years

- NASA had been conducting an

experiment for 2 weeks when
the first spacecraft was
launched in 1997.
 ZAMAN BAĞLAÇLARINDA PRESENT UYUM
WHEN

AFTER

BEFORE V1 (HAVE/ HAS V3) , WILL

UNTIL

AS SOON AS

ONCE HAVE/ HAS V3 (V1) , WILL

 Bu bağlaçta öncelikle Have/ Has V3 kullanılır

BY THE TIME V1 , WILL HAVE V3 (will be V-ing/ will V0)

 By the time’dan sonra sadece V1 kullanılır

 Dışında öncelikle will have V3 vardır

WHILE

JUST AS AS, IS, ARE V-ing , AM, IS, ARE V-ing / V1/ WILL

AS

 Am, is, are V-ing sadece bu 3 bağlaçta var

GENEL KURAL;

 Bağlacın içi will olamaz

 Bağlacın dışı have/ has V3
olmaz