PHYSIC

S
MEASUREMENT
PHYSICS
►A BRANCH OF PHYSICAL
SCIENCE ►DEALS WITH MATTER
►DEALS WITH ENERGY
►DEALS WITH THE INTERACTION
BETWEEN MATTER AND
ENERGY
AREAS OF PHYSICS
►CLASSICAL
MECHANICS
►RELATIVITY
►THERMODYNAMICS
►ELECTROMAGNETISM
►OPTICS
►QUANTUM MECHANICS

PHYSICS
►OBJECTIVE
►EXACT, FACTUAL
►BASED ON EXPERIMENTAL
FINDINGS
MEASUREMENT
► “IF
YOU CAN MEASURE WHAT YOU ARE
SPEAKING ABOUT, AND EXPRESS IT IN NUMBERS,
YOU SHOULD KNOW SOMETHING ABOUT IT, BUT
IF YOU CANNOT EXPRESS IT IN NUMBERS, YOUR
KNOWLEDGE IS OF A MEAGER AND
UNSATISFACTORY KIND. IT MAYBE THE
BEGINNING OF KNOWLEDGE,BUT YOU HAVE
SCARCELY IN YOUR THOUGHTS ADVANCED TO
THE STATE OF SCIENCE.”
LORD KELVIN

MEASUREMENT
►A SCIENTIFIC PROCESS OF
COMPARISON ►IT INVOLVES COMPARING
AN UNKNOWN QUANTITY WITH A
KNOWN QUANTITY CALLED THE
STANDARD.
BASE/FUNDAMENTAL QUANTITIES
QUANTITY UNIT NAME SYMBOL

LENGTH meter m

MASS kilogram kg

TIME second s

TEMPERATURE kelvin K
ELECTRIC CURRENT Ampere A

AMOUNT OF SUBSTANCE Mole mol

LUMINOUS INTENSITY candela cd

DERIVED QUANTITIES
► QUANTITIES
WHICH ARE COMBINATION OF TWO OR MORE
FUNDAMENTAL QUANTITIES
► EXAMPLES:

► LENGTH x LENGTH = AREA

 ► LENGTH/TIME = SPEED(VELOCITY)
► LENGTH/TIME/TIME = VELOCITY/TIME =
ACCELERATION ► (LENGTH/TIME/TIME) x (MASS) =
ACCELERATION x MASS = FORCE

SYSTEMS OF UNITS
► ENGLISHSYSTEM/BRITISH IMPERIAL
SYSTEM ►fps (foot, pound, second)
► INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS
(SI) ►Adaptation of the metric system
 ►mks (meter, kilogram, second)
►cgs (centimeter, gram, second)
Conversion of Units
►Changing the unit of a given
quantity to another unit without
changing the actual value of the
given quantity.
►Needs conversion factors
Sample Problems
►A 68 kg nursing-aide is on her diet for two and a half
months. Determine her weight in pounds after losing
20.25 pounds.
Given: ��1 = 68 kg
��2 = 20.25 lbs
Find: ��3 = final weight = ? In lbs
Solution:
��1 = 68 ���� 2.2 ������
1����= 149.6 lbs

��3 = ��1 – ��2 = 149.6 lbs -20.25 lbs

 ���� = 129.35 lbs
A metal cylinder 3.0 cm high and 1.0 cm in diameter has a
mass of 12.60 g. Find its density in g/mL. (Hint: density =
mass per volume)

► Given : h = 3.0 cm; Ф = 1.0 cm; m = 12.60 g

► Find: ρ = ? in g/mL
► Solution:
density = mass/volume ρ =��
������
volume = ����2ℎ = ����24h = ��1.0 ���� 2
4(3.0 cm) = 2.356 ����3 = 2.356 mL
1 milliliter (mL) = 1 cu. centimeter (cc)
ρ = 12.60 g/2.356 mL = 5.348 g/mL
A furlong is an Old British unit of length equal to 0.125 mi, derived from the
length of a furrow in an acre of ploughed land. A fortnight is a unit of time
corresponding to two weeks, or 14 days and nights. Find the speed of light in
megafurlongs per fortnight. (One megafurlong equals a million furlongs;
Speed of light = 3.00x108 m/s)
► Given: 1 furlong = 0.125 mi ; 1 fortnight = 14 days; 1 megafurlong=1000000 furlongs
c = 3.00x108 ��/��
Find: c = ? in megafurlongs/fortnight
Solution:
�� =
8 �� 1ℎ � 1���� 1 1
�������
6
1��10 ���
3.00��10 24ℎ 1 1000�� ������� �������
1 ������ ������� 1���� ������� ������� ������
�� �������ℎ �������
��3600 14 1.609344 0.125 ����
������� �� ���� �
c= ��. �� �������� megafurlongs/fortnight