Contemporary Philippine

Arts from the Regions

Quarter 1
Module 6

The Elements of
Dance
Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions – Grade 12
Quarter 1 – Module 6: The Elements of Dance
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Maria Christian Jallina S. Sampang
Editors:
Reviewers:
Illustrator: Maria Christian Jallina S. Sampang
Layout Artist:
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso, Ed. D.
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña, Ed. D.
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

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Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
Contemporary Philippine
Arts from the Regions

Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 6
The Elements of Dance
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Contemporary Arts from the Philippine Regions (Grade 12)
Module on The Elements of Dance!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the learner:

Welcome to the Contemporary Philippine Arts from the Regions Module on

The Elements of Dance!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an
active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - These point to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measure how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

By the end of this lesson, the learner will be able to…

1. identify and define the Elements of Dance;
2. evaluate Philippine dances based on their elements;
3. and compare the art forms from the various regions of the Philippines.

PRETEST

Choose the best answer from the choices provided by writing the letter of your
answer on the space provided.
______ 1. This is the rhythm, metered or free, in dance.
A. Body B. Time C. Energy D. Rhythm
______ 2. It is the relationship of the dancer to another dancer and the area where
the dance occurs.
A. Time B. Action C. Body D. Space
______ 3. This is the kind of timing in dance is moving based on others’ timing.
A. Simultaneous B. Event C. Clock Time D. Sensed Time
______ 4. It is how movements happen in dance.
A. Action B. Body C. Energy D. Movement
______ 5. It pertains to the movements that the dancer performs, which includes
the dance steps, facial expressions, and gestures.
A. Action B. Space C. Energy D. Time

RECAP
Previously, the following are the Elements of Music that were identified and
described:

 Rhythm is the flow or movement of music through time. Tempo pertains to

speed, while beat refers to the steady and regular pulse heard in music.
  Dynamics refers to the softness and loudness of music. It dictates the mood
of a piece through volume and intensity.
 Timbre, also known as “tone color”, is the unique quality of sound.
 Melody pertains to a series of notes together (tune) and the most memorable
part of the musical piece.
 Harmony is the sound of two or more notes heard at the same time to make
music sound cohesive.
 Texture is the layers of musical sounds. It has three kinds:
o Monophonic pertains to a piece that has a single melody and has no
harmony.
o Homophonic refers to a piece that has melody and harmony.
o Polyphonic refers to playing various melodies at once

LESSON

There are 5 Elements of Dance, which can be remembered through their

abbreviation, BASTE, which stands for body, action, space, time, and energy.

1. Body refers to the what is being used to perform. This includes all parts, shapes
and figures made by the body, and their relationship with the other elements.
When analyzing the body, one may identify what body parts were used; Is it an
individual part or the whole body? Or it may be a several parts or a whole system
(e.g. muscles, bones, and breathing). Another aspect to analyze is its shape,
whether it is symmetrical or asymmetrical, straight, rounded, or twisted.

2. Action pertains to the movements that the dancer performs, which includes the
dance steps, facial expressions, and gestures. It can either be part of the
choreography or the dancer may improvise or add additional movements to the
routine. Action is divided into two: locomotor and non-locomotor movements.
Locomotor movements are actions wherein the body travels from one location to
another (e.g. walking, running, hopping), while non-locomotor movements do not
cause the body to move to another space (e.g. twist, bend, stretch).

3. Space is the relationship of the dancer to another dancer and the area where the
dance occurs. The space can be analyzed through the place where the dancer is,
whether they are dancing on a spot (personal space) or through the space (general
space). It can also be described by the size of the space being used (i.e. small, large,
narrow, wide). Their proximity to other dancers or objects is also considered (near
or far), as well their positioning (e.g. in front, behind, beside).

4. Time is the rhythm, metered or free, in dance. This includes the timing of
actions and patterns. Time is divided into three kinds: clock time, sensed time, and
event-sequence. Clock time is based on units of seconds, minutes, and/or hours.
Sensed time is moving based on others’ timing (e.g. waving only after another
dancer waves). And event-sequence is triggered by internal or external signals (e.g.
cheerleaders change cheers if the team is in offense or defense in sports).

5. Lastly, energy is how dance movements happen. This helps convey the emotion
of the routine. For example, a dance meant to be gentle is slow, whereas an exciting
dance is usually fast and has swift movements. Additionally, a routine can be
described through the energy qualities, such as wild, light, timid, smooth, tight,
loose, etc.

ACTIVITY

Compare the art forms and practices discussed in modules 2 and 3 by analyzing
and evaluating them based on the elements of art. Write the answers in 3-5
sentences.
Dance
Analyze the Philippine dances given based on the Elements of Dance by
answering the questions below.

Luzon: Visayas: Mindanao:

Questions
Pandanggo sa Ilaw Cariñosa Singkil
1. How were the
dancers’ bodies
used? What were
the most common
body parts used?
2. List down 3
locomotor and 3
non-locomotor
movements the
dancers
performed.
3. Describe how
the space was
utilized.
4. Is the dance
fast or slow? Did
the dancers make
use of the three
kinds of timing?
How?
5. How would you
describe the
energy of the
dancers and the
dance? What
mood or emotion
does the energy
give to the
viewers?

WRAP-UP

The most important concept that we discussed today was…

__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

VALUING

An artwork is meant to be perceived by the senses, but as a viewer, one must also
be aware of the elements involved in its composition. Besides its aesthetic appeal,
artworks have a deeper meaning than what is seen on the surface, which,
therefore, makes them even more significant and relevant.

By knowing how to evaluate visual, performing, and literary arts and their
elements, one can learn to appreciate them more, especially the art forms found in
our country. With awareness and appreciation, Philippine Art and culture can
thrive in years to come.

POSTTEST

Choose the best answer from the choices provided by writing the letter of your
answer on the space provided.
______ 1. This kind of timing is triggered by internal or external signals.
A. Event-sequence B. Sensed time C. Simultaneous D. Time
 ______ 2. A dance can be described through the ________ qualities, such as wild,
light, and timid.
A. Timing B. Action C. Space D. Energy
______ 3. This is the relationship of the dancer to another dancer and the area
where the dance occurs.
A. Body B. Action C. Space D. Energy
______ 4. It is the lightness and darkness of a color.
A. Line B. Value C. Space D. Tint
______ 5. This is the kind of timing that is based on units of seconds, minutes,
and/or hours.
A. Event-sequence B. Simultaneous C. Clock Time D. Sensed Time

KEY TO CORRECTION
5. B. Body 5. A. Action
4. C. Clock Time 4. C. Energy
3. D. Space 3. D. Sensed Time
2. D. Energy 2. D. Space
1. A. Event-sequence 1. B. Time
Post-Test Pre-Test

REFERENCES
The Elements of Dance, September 2018. https://www.elementsofdance.org/.