PROJECT: BES – FRASER SUBSTATION 46 kV UNDERGROUND CABLE

CALCULATION
DIVISION: ONEONTA
ID: 2335-DD-039 REV: 0-0A DATE: 15-02-2019

PAGE 1 OF 11

R E V I S I O N C O N T R O L
REV. DATE REASON MODIFIED PAGES
0-0A 15/02/2019 Detailed Engineering – IFR --

Prepared Reviewed Approved

JG/HMV JC/HMV CB/SECo
 46 kV UNDERGROUND CABLE CALCULATION

PROJECT: BES – FRASER SUBSTATION

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INDEX

1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................ 3
2 Scope ................................................................................................................................................ 3
3 Relevant Code & Specifications......................................................................................................... 3
4 Section definition ............................................................................................................................... 3
4.1 Section identification (plan view) ................................................................................................. 4
5 Analysis Parameters, Criteria, and Assumptions ............................................................................... 6
5.1 General: ..................................................................................................................................... 6
5.2 Design criteria – Electrical parameters ....................................................................................... 6
5.3 Design Criteria Sizing of Power Cable – Nominal and Overload Current: ................................... 6
5.4 Design Criteria Sizing of Power Cable – Ambient temperature: .................................................. 6
5.5 Design Criteria Sizing of Power Cable – Burial distance ............................................................. 6
5.6 Design Criteria Sizing of Power Cable – Maximum allowable conductor temperature: ................ 6
5.7 Design Criteria Sizing of Power Cable – Soil Thermal Resistivity: .............................................. 6
5.8 Design Criteria Sizing of Power Cable – Short Circuit Current .................................................... 7
5.9 Voltage Drop Analysis ................................................................................................................ 7
5.10 Software: .................................................................................................................................... 8
5.11 Results: ...................................................................................................................................... 8
6 Conclusions ....................................................................................................................................... 9

Appendices:

APPENDIX A: CYMCAP EXECUTIONS ................................................................................................. 10

APPENDIX B: 46kV Primary UD EPR Cable – Southwire ....................................................................... 11
 46 kV UNDERGROUND CABLE CALCULATION

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1 Introduction
This report includes 46 kV power cable sizing calculations from transformer tertiary windings to
connect to overhead power lines heading to Delhi subs on Fraser substation as part of the overall
BES program, connecting several sections of gantries and overhead power lines along the project.

2 Scope
 46 kV underground power cables sizing.

3 Relevant Code & Specifications

 IEC 60287, Electric cables – Calculation of the current rating
 IEEE 575, IEEE Guide for Bonding Shields and Sheaths of Single-Conductor Power Cables
Rated 5 kV through 500 kV
 IEEE C2 – 2017 – National Electrical Safety Code (NESC)
 AVANGRID: Engineering Notes for Fraser Substation, 2335-SPEC-005

4 Section definition
Most relevant sections on 46 kV underground power lines were selected and modeled in CYMCAP
to verify given ampacity.
Parameters for modeling each section are shown below in Table 1:

Table 1 Selected Sections

Section Section Cables per
Installation Backfill No. Circuits Conductor Configuration
No. Description circuit
1 Trench Zone 1 Duct bank Concrete 1 2 1000 kcmil Triangular

Trench Zone 2 Duct bank Concrete 1 1 1000 kcmil Flat

2(1)
– Crossing 1 Duct bank Concrete 2 2 1000 kcmil Triangular

3 Trench Zone 2 Duct bank Concrete 2 2 1000 kcmil Triangular

4 Trench Zone 3 Duct bank Concrete 3 2 1000 kcmil Triangular

5 Trench Zone 4 Duct bank Concrete 2 2 1000 kcmil Triangular

Trench Zone 4 Duct bank Concrete 1 2 1/0 kcmil Flat

6(2)
– Crossing 2 Duct bank Concrete 2 2 1000 kcmil Triangular

Note 1: Crossing below of 46 kV line with 1000 kcmil conductors and flat configuration
Note 2: Crossing below of 12 kV line with 1/0 AWG conductors and flat configuration

From sections 1 to 6 are shown in Figures 1 to 4 according to their location in respective trenches.
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4.1 Section identification (plan view)

Figure 1. Trench 1 – Plan view

Figure 2. Trench 2 – Plan view

 46 kV UNDERGROUND CABLE CALCULATION

PROJECT: BES – FRASER SUBSTATION

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Figure 3. Trench 3 – Plan view

Figure 4. Trench 4 – Plan view

 46 kV UNDERGROUND CABLE CALCULATION

PROJECT: BES – FRASER SUBSTATION

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5 Analysis Parameters, Criteria, and Assumptions

5.1 General:
46 kV cables are connected to transformer tertiary windings using underground cables to connect to
overhead power lines heading to Delhi subs. Underground cable will be installed direct–buried and in
cable duct banks. For direct-buried portions, this study evaluates flat configuration and triangular
configuration. On duct banks, cables in triangular configuration will be enclosed into a Polyethylene
flexible pipe.
This analysis was performed on cable specified below, manufactured by Southwire:

 46 kV #1000 kcmil Cu 133% insulation EPR

5.2 Design criteria – Electrical parameters

Design of equipment shall withstand design fault current fixed at 40 kA.
5.3 Design Criteria Sizing of Power Cable – Nominal and Overload Current:
46 kV cables between transformer tertiary windings and Delhi subs were sized to carry the following
load currents:

 890 A with a maximum of 90°C insulation temperature (continuous).

 970 A 15-minute emergency rating with a maximum of 105°C insulation temperature.
CYMCAP 7.2 Revision 2 software was used to calculate selected cables ampacity considering all
associated criteria.
5.4 Design Criteria Sizing of Power Cable – Ambient temperature:
Ambient soil temperature provided by the client is 20°C regardless of weather.
5.5 Design Criteria Sizing of Power Cable – Burial distance
Cables and ducts must be buried below 5 ft according to frosting line reported in the zone.
5.6 Design Criteria Sizing of Power Cable – Maximum allowable conductor temperature:
The maximum operating temperature of the conductor in EPR cable has been defined as 90°C for
continuous load and maximum operating temperature of the conductor at EPR cable has been
defined as 105°C for emergency load according to manufacturer data sheets.
5.7 Design Criteria Sizing of Power Cable – Soil Thermal Resistivity:
For native soil thermal resistivity has been established as 100°C*cm/W as well as backfill thermal
resistivity.
Thermal resistivity of concrete duct bank has been defined as 75°C*cm/W.
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5.8 Design Criteria Sizing of Power Cable – Short Circuit Current

The purpose of the short-circuit analysis is to evaluate the capacity of cables to withstand a short-
circuit current. Based on a request made by Avangrid, short circuit current must be assumed as
40 kA for the whole substation.
Calculation of maximum allowable Short-circuit (1 Sec.) value considered the cable at its rated
temperature (90°C) as the worst case scenario, before a fault occurs. This maximum Short Circuit
current value will raise the conductor temperature no higher than 250°C.

Table 2 Short circuit calculation

Temperature Temperature Current
Section Duration of
GAUGE Type before fault (T1) Maximum (T1) maximum short
(kcmil) Short Circuit (s)
Celsius Celsius circuit (kA)
1000 kcmil Cu 1000 1 90 250 143.08

Given 40 kA as limit short circuit fault at 1 s, selected cable is well over the required parameter, thus,
is suitable from the short circuit point of view.
5.9 Voltage Drop Analysis
For sizing power cables, voltage drop analysis checks conductor size in order to enhance the
required system performance and efficiency.

 CALCULATIONS AND RESULTS

Voltage drop calculation uses the following equations:

𝛥𝑉 = √3 × √(𝑅 × 𝐿)2 + (𝑋 × 𝐿)2 × 𝐼

𝛥𝑉% = 𝛥𝑉 ∗ 100/𝑉

Where:

L: Length in km (Longest alignment in project) – 0.12 km

I: Cable current in normal operation (Amps) – 890 A
V: Operating voltage (Volts) – 46000 V
R: Resistance @ 90°C in Ω/km = 0.04590
X: Reactance in Ω/km = 0.13698
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Table 3 Voltage drop calculation

CABLE V (V) Safety factor I (A) Length (m) ΔV (V) ΔV (%)
1000 kcmil 46000 1.25 450 0.12 26.72 0.058

Selected 1000 kcmil cable meets requirements regarding voltage drop.

5.10 Software:
CYMCAP v.7.2, rev. 2 was employed in this study, which performs calculations based on Nether-
McGrath method.

5.11 Results:
CYMCAP General Data, Cable input data, and calculation results have been provided in
Appendix A. The summary tables for 1000 kcmil are as follows:

Table 4 Ampacity calculation

Daily Continuous Current [A] Emergency Current [A]
Section No.
Angle Conductor Configuration Load
No. Circuit Required Calculated Required Calculated
Factor
1 1 - 1000 kcmil Triangular 1 890 1154.32 970 1204.17
1 90° 1000 kcmil Flat 1 10 654.30 - -
2 2 - 1000 kcmil Triangular 1 890 812.86 970 974.96
3 - 1000 kcmil Triangular 1 890 815.36 970 979.78
1 - 1000 kcmil Triangular 1 890 903.18 970 1026.28
3
2 - 1000 kcmil Triangular 1 890 905.96 970 1031.36
1 - 1000 kcmil Triangular 1 890 1039.52 970 1136.44
4 2 - 1000 kcmil Triangular 1 890 1008.46 970 1167.14
3 - 1000 kcmil Triangular 1 890 1055.26 970 1149.82
1 - 1000 kcmil Triangular 1 890 1020.66 970 1128.46
5
2 - 1000 kcmil Triangular 1 890 1068.2 970 1133.24
1 81° 1/0 kcmil Flat 1 100 217 - -
6 2 - 1000 kcmil Triangular 1 890 918.58 970 1015.62
3 - 1000 kcmil Triangular 1 890 918.58 970 1019.92
Note 1: Belongs to circuit crossing angle.
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6 Conclusions
Based on simulation results, are the following recommendations:

 Two (2) per phase 1000 kcmil 46 kV cable are recommended for main power transformer
tertiary connection to overhead power lines in their way to Delhi subs. The installation will be in
duct banks or direct-buried; crossings with new and existent duct banks were checked as well.

46 kV cable simulation results can be found in Appendix A.

Reference cables from Southwire and cable specification can be found in Appendix B.