Professional Documents
Culture Documents
MBBS
EXAMINATION
BY MIDNAPORE MEDICAL COLLEGE, MIDNAPORE, PASCHIM MEDINIPUR
PATHOLOGY
GENERAL PATHOLOGY
LONG QUESTIONS:
1) A person suffering from type-1 DM develop symptoms over 24 hours’ nausea, vomiting,
severe thirst, polyuria. Complaining of abdominal pain, kusshmal breathing with fruity odour
on the patient’s breath and abdominal tenderness revealed on examination.
a) what is your PD?
b) what are lab investigations?
c) pathophysiology of that condition. (2012)
COMMENT ON:
1) Direct spread is different from metastasis (2016)
2) Role of complements in acute inflammation. (2016)
3) Thrombus differs from clot. (2015)
4) Inflammation is beneficial. (2015)
5) Healing by primary union is different than healing by secondary union (2014)
6) Teratoma and hamartoma are two different lesions (2014)
7) Dystrophic versus metastatic calcification (2014)
8) Phlebothrombosis vs. thrombophlebitis (2013)
9) Importance of paraneoplastic syndrome (2013)
10) Transudate and exudates indicate different clinical conditions (2012)
11) Presence of chronic inflammatory cells does not always indicate chronic inflammation; it has
other hallmarks too. (2012)
12) Necrosis differs from apoptosis. (2011,2017)
13) Amyloidosis is the result of long standing chronic diseases. (2011)
14) Tobacco smoking and diseases. (2010)
15) Grading and staging of malignant tumours and its relevance. (2010)
16) Define oedema. Mention the different mechanism producing renal oedema. (2009)
17) Mechanism of irreversible cell injury. (2009)
18) Define amyloidosis. What are its types? Write the pathogenesis. (2008)
19) What is healing? What are the stages of wound healing in a lacerated wound? What are the
factors modifying wound healing? (2008)
20) Granuloma and granulation tissue. (2017)
SHORT NOTES:
1. Radiation injury. (2016,2014)
2. Hypovolemic shock. (2016)
3. Transcoelomic space. (2015)
4. FNAC. (2015)
5. Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. (2015)
6. Klinfelter syndrome. (2014)
7. Decompression sickness. (2014)
8. Gaucher’s disease. (2013)
9. Turner syndrome. (2013,2017)
10. Karyotyping. (2013)
11. Difference between hypertrophy and hyperplasia. (2012,2017)
12. Coagulation necrosis. (2012)
13. Down’s syndrome (2011)
14. Carcinoma in-situ. (2011)
15. Giant cell. (2011)
16. Dystrophic calcification. (2010)
17. Apoptosis. (2010)
18. X linked disease. (2010)
19. Type –II hypersensivity. (2009)
20. Lab diagnosis of amyloid. (2009)
21. Opsonin. (2009)
22. Metaplasia. (2009)
23. Langhan’s Giant cell. (2017)
24. Philadelphia chromosome (2017).
25. Septic shock. (2017)
COMMENT ON:
1) Presence of spherocytosis in not pathognomonic of hereditary spherocytosis. (2017,2011)
SHORT NOTE:
1) PBS of CML.(2016)
2) Significance of reverse blood grouping.(2016)
3) Transfusion reaction.(2015)
4) Coomb’s test.(2014)
5) Leukamoid reaction.(2013)
6) Haemophilia.(2012)
7) Rh incompatibility. (2012)
8) ITP.(2011)
9) BT and CT.(2009)
10) PCV.(2009)
SYSTEMIC PATHOLOGY
BONE
Long questions:
1. A 14 years old female presented with a painful tender swelling in the right thigh accompanied
by fever, leucocytosis and high ESR, plain x-ray shows osteolytic with ‘Onion skin’ appearance
[2009]
a) What is your provisional diagnosis?
b) Describe the gross and microscopic features of this lesion?
Comment on:
1. Tumour arising from end of long bone may be benign or malignant. Comment with at least
one example in each case.[2012]
Short note:
1. Giant cell tumour of bone. [2015]
2. Osteoclastic giant cell containing lesions of the bone [2013]
3. Ewings sarcoma[2010]
BREAST
Long questions
1. A 55 year old lady presented with a hard non tender mass of about 5 cm in diameter in left
breast and retraction of nipple. [2017]
a) What is your provisional diagnosis?
b) Describe the plan of investigation for the case.
c) Enumerate the important prognostic factors.
DIAGNOSTIC CYTOLOGY
Comment on:
1. FNAC cannot replace histological study. [2017,’12]
2. Role of exfoliative cytology in the diagnosis of neoplasm [2013]
3. FNAC of a thyroid [2011]
Short note:
1. FNAC [2009]
CNS
Answer the following:
1. Diagnosis and complications of pyogenic meningitis [2014]
2. Pyogenic meningitis vs. viral meningitis [2017]
CVS
Long questions:
1. A 59 years male presented with acute pain on the left anterior chest wall, severe dysopnia,
profuse sweating, and rapid thread pulse [2015]
a) What is your provisional diagnosis?
b) Enumerate risk factors and pathogenesis?
c) Enumerate important diagnostic biochemical markers?
2. A 70 years old man was brought to hospital emergency room at dawn with severe precordial
pain, profuse sweating and respiratory distress. On examination radial pulse was not
palpable. BP 8/? mm of Hg. [2013]
a) What is your Provisional diagnosis?
b) How do You Proceed to investigate the case in the laboratory?
c) What are the complications?
3. A 45 year old hypertensive developed acute precordial chest pain. [2010]
a) What are the possible diagnoses?
b) Describe the various laboratory findings in such a case?
c) What are the gross and microscopic changes that you would expect to find in the
heart?
Comment on:
1. Rheumatism licks the joint but bites the whole heart[2014]
2. Pancarditis in rheumatic heart disease {2011]
3. Describe the aetiology and pathology of rheumatic heart disease. Enumerate its
complications.[2009]
Short notes:
1. Complications of atheroma.[2016]
Short note:
1. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis [2016,’10]
2. Hyperparathyroidism [2014]
3. Glycosylated Hb [2011]
Comment on:
1. Thyroid swelling is not always due to colloid goitre. [2017]
FEMALE GENITALIA
Comment on:
1. Screening based on cervical cytology is useful in the prevention of carcinoma cervix. [2016]
Short Note:
1. Dermoid cyst of ovary [2012]
2. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia [2011]
3. Germ cell tumour of ovary [2017]
GIT
Comment on:
1. Etiology of peptic ulcer and gastric carcinoma is same. [2015]
2. Ulcerative colitis and crohn’s disease are different macroscopically and microscopically.
[2015]
3. Carcinoma colon is a genetic disorder. [2014]
4. Colorectal carcinoma. {2010]
Short note:
1. Acute appendicitis and its fate and complications [2014]
2. Pleomorphic salivary adenoma [2014]
3. Crohn’s disease [2013]
4. H pylori and gastric disease [2010]
5. Ulcerative colitis [2009]
6. Barret’s oesophagus [2017]
KIDNEY
Long questions:
1. A 5 years old boy developed puffiness of face, oliguria and mild hypertension 2 weeks after
and attack of sore throat. [2012,’16]
a) What is your provisional diagnosis?
b) What laboratory investigations and other investigations need to be done to
confirm the diagnosis?
c) Mention fates of this condition?
2. A 10 years old child is admitted with puffiness of face, oliguria and smoky urine. [2014]
Short Note:
1. Wilm’s tumour [2009]
LIVER
Comment on:
1. A small percentage of hepatitis B infections lead to hepatocellular carcinoma [2016]
2. Alcoholism is not prerequisite for cirrhosis. [2014]
3. Serological markers of HBV induced infective hepatitis. [2011]
4. Alcoholic cirrhosis [2010]
5. Viral hepatitis leading to cirrhosis [2013]
Short Note:
1. Complication resulting due to gallstones [2012]
2. Gall stone [2017]
LUNG
Long questions:
1. A 64 year old man who is a chain-smoker is suffering from chronic cough, a 5 Kg wt loss in
last 3 months. Physical examination shows clubbing of finger. A chest radiograph shows an
ill-defined 3 cm mass involving left hilum of the lung. Serum calcium level is 12.3 mg/dl.
[2011]
a) What is the provisional diagnosis?
b) Describe the laboratory procedure for diagnosis of the case.
c) Why serum calcium level is elevated in this case?
Comment on:
1. Pneumoconiosis is an inhalation disorder of mineral dust, organic and inorganic dusts
particles. [2015]
2. Fate of primary complex of primary tuberculosis [2013]
Short Note:
1. Neuroendocrine tumour of lung [2014]
2. Primary tuberculosis [2009]
3. Tuberculosis lymph node [2015]
Male Genitalia
Short Note:
1. Nodular hyperplasia of prostate (BHP) [2014]
2. Seminoma testis [2011]
SKIN
Short Note:
1. Basal cell carcinoma [2016]
Others
Comment on:
1. Routes of spread of malignant tumours are different [2012]
Short note:
1. Reed Sternberg cell [2013,’17]
2. Carcinoma in situ [2012]
Brought to You by
1. Meaning of measures/indices, factors influencing the oral bioavailability of drugs, How is the
bioavailability of an orally administrated drug assessed?(1+2+3+4) (2011)
COMMENT ON
SHORT NOTE
1. Pharmcovigilence. (10,14)
2. Pharmacogenetics. (10)
3. Phase 2 drug metabolism.(10)
4. Therapeutic drug monitoring. (09)
5. AVD. (09)
6. Drug Dependence. (09)
7. Zero order kinetics. (07)
8. Partial agonist. (07,14)
9. TDD (07)
10. Therapeutic Index. (07,13)
11. Essential Drugs. (06,14,15,17)
12. Teratogenicity. (06)
13. Tolerance. (06)
14. Plasma protein binding Drugs. (15)
15. Orphan Drug. (15,17)
16. Inverse Agonist. ( 14)
17. Drug synergism (14)
18. First pass metabolism(14)
19. Enzyme induction (13)
20. Physical redistribution of drug (13)
21. Receptor antagonist (13)
22. Diagnostic uses of drugs (11)
23. Graded dose response (11)
24. Plasma half life (10)
25. Loading Dose (10)
26. Clinical trial (17)
C. AUTACOIDS
COMMENTS ON
MOA
1. Sumatriptan in Migraine.(06,17)
2. Colchicine in Acute Gout (06,11)
3. setotonine receptor agonist in migraine (07)
4. Endomethacin in acute gout (09)
5. Endomethacin for treatment of patent ductus arteriosus. (10)
SHORT NOTE
1. Misoprostol.(15)
2. COX2 Inhibitor.(07)
D. RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
1. Therapeutic regimen in case of Acute Bronchial Asthma with prophylactic therapy. Why inhalation
therapy is preferred over oral medication?(6+2+2)(2015,2014)
2. Drugs for the treatment of Bronchial Asthma. Mode of action of Salbutamol & its common side
effects. (3+4+3)(2007,2010,2016)
3. How do corticosteroids act in Bronchial Asthma? Outline the Advantage & Disadvantage of inhalation
therapy. (2+2)(2007)
4. Outline the Management of Bronchial Asthma. Mechanism of action and adverse effect of each drug.
What drug you prescribe to prevent further attack of such?(2+3+3+2)(2012)
5. Mentions drugs administered by meter dose inhaler. Give an outline of treatment of Acute Bronchial
Asthma. (2+6) (2006)
EXPLAIN WHY
1. Montelukast is not used in acute attack of bronchial Asthma.(2013,2017)
2. Nebulised Salbutamol is used in treatment of Acute bronchial Asthma.(2009)
MOA
1. ACE Inhibitor induces cough.(2015)
SHORT NOTE
1. Leukotrine Antagonist(2015)
E. ENDOCRINOLOGY
1. Drugs used in NIDDM. Write down MOA of Insulin & Therapeutic use of Insulin.(4+4+2)(2015)
2. Enumerate Oral Ant diabetic drugs. Write down MOA of Biguanides. Treatment of Hyperglycaemic
Diabetic Coma. (3+2+5)(2014)
3. Write down the Treatment of Acute Thyrotoxicosis. How do you prepare the patient for thyroid
surgery?(6+4)(2012)
4. Enumerate drugs used in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Mention the medications of Insulin in
type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (NIDDM). What is Insulin Resistance? (5+3+2)(2009)
5. Classify Oral Hypoglycaemic agents. Briefly discuss the role in Type 2 DM. Outline the management of
DKA.(5+3+2)(2007)
6. Give a brief outline of treatment of maturity onset DM. What are the advantage of Repaglinide &
Pioglitazone over SUs.(6+2+2)(2006)
7. Enumerate different type of Insulin. Outline Management of Hypoglycaemic Coma? (4+6)(2016,2017)
EXPLAIN WHY
1. Sildenafil is not safe for patient on nitrate therapy. (10)
2. Lugols Iodine in Thyroid surgery.
3. Glucocorticoid should not be tapered off suddenly after long term therapy. (2014,2012)
4. Alfacalcidiol is effective in Renal Ricket (2014)
5. Lugols iodine is used for preoperative preparation of thyroidectomy.(2013)
6. Oxytocin & Methyl ergometrine both are routinely required in an obstetric care unit (2011)
7. Long term use of glucocorticoids is potentially hazardous.(2010)
8. Oestrogen & Progesterone are combined together in oral contraceptives.(2009,2007)
MOA
1. Carbimazole as Ant thyroid Drug(2006)
2. DPP4 inhibitor in Type 2 DM. (2011)
3. Corticosteroids as Anti-inflammatory agents.(2011)
4. Oestriotide in acromegaly. (2007)
5. Clomiphene in infertility. (2007)
6. Propylthiouracil in hypothyroidism(2009)
7. Combined OCPs (2010,2011)
8. Metformin in DM (2011)
SHORT NOTE
1. Emergency Contraceptive.(2014)
2. Anabolic steroids.(2013)
3. Glimepiride. (2013)
4. Radioactive iodine. (2010)
5. Bisphosphonate. (2010)
6. Tropical Glucocorticoids. (2009)
7. Tocolytic agents.(2007)
8. Anti Oestrogens(2006)
9. Ritodrine (2006)
10. Magnesium sulphate (2011)
EXPLAIN WHY
SHORT NOTE
1. Lignocaine
1. Enumerate the Anti Epileptic drugs. MOA of sodium valproate. Treatment of status
epilepticus.(4+3+3) (2014)
2. Enumerate the Anti Epileptic drugs. Write down the MOA & Adverse effect of phenytoin.
(4+3+3)(2012,2017)
3. Enumerate drugs (Analgesic/Non analgesic) used in the treatment of four different pain conditions.
Briefly outline the MOA of any one situation. Comment on the safety concern associated with the
NSAIDS. Enumerate opioid receptor antagonist & mention their uses .(4+2+2+2)(2011)
4. Enumerate drugs acting via BZD-GABA-A receptor complex channel. Discuss the therapeutic use of
BZD & the treatment of its overdose. (4+4+2)(2010)
5. Drugs in Generalised Tonic Clonic Seizure. Mention therapeutic use of Carbamazepine. Treatment of
status epilepticus. (3+3+4) (2006)
EXPLAIN WHY
1. Levo dopa is combined with carbidopa in treatment of Parkinsonism. (2007,2009)
MOA
1. Glycopyrolate as pre anaesthetic medication.(2007,2015)
2. Amitrptiline in Depressions.(2009)
3. In morphine overdose Naloxone is used.(2015)
SHORT NOTE
1. Use of Carbamazepine.(2009,2012)
2. Lithium (2007,2015)
3. Levo dopa (2010,2015)
4. Na Valproate (2010)
H. CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM
1. Mention the different categories that act by modifying the RAAS. Mention one indication of each.
Briefly outline the rationale for such use. Which one of these 3 drugs should be induced in national
Essential medicine list of India & Why?(2+2+3+2+2)(2011)
2. Drugs used in the treatment of congestive cardiac failure. Discuss the adverse effect & current status
of Digoxine in the treatment of congestive Heart Failure.(4+3+3)(2010)
3. Drugs in Acute Myocardial Infarction. Pharmacological basis of beta blocker in MI.(5+5)
4. Drugs in CHF. MOA & Adverse effect of ACE inhibitor(6+2+2)(2007)
5. Enumerate Anti anginal Drugs. Discuss pharmacological Action Therapeutic uses & adverse effect of
nitrates. (2+4+2+2)(2014)
6. Enumerate Antihypertensive Drugs. How will you manage a patient of Hypertensive Emergency? Side
effect of ACEI (4+4+2)(2017)
7. Drugs in CHF. Role the Diuretics in heart failure. management of left ventricular failure.(4+2+4)(2016)
EXPLAIN WHY
1. Isosorbisde dinitrate in Angina given sublingually. (12)
2. Digoxine in Atrial Fibrilation
MOA
1. Streptokinase in Acute MI.(2007)
2. ACE Inhibitor in heart Failure. (2007)
3. Nifidipine in treatment of hypertension.(2010)
4. GTN in Angina Pectoris. (2013)
5. Low dose aspirine in acute MI. (2006,2015)
6. ACE inhibitor as anti hypertensive. (2012)
SHORT NOTE
1. Amlodipine. (2009,2015)
2. Losartan.(2006,2013)
EXPLAIN WHY
MOA
1. Thiazides as Antihypertensive drugs.(2014)
2. Thiazides on serum electrolytes .(2007)
SHORT NOTE
1. Furosemide (2012,2017)
EXPLAIN WHY
MOA
1. Promethazine in motion sickness.(2009)
2. Bisacodyl as purgatives.(2011)
3. Mosapride as prokinetic agent.(2013)
4. Metoclopramide as Prokinetic agent.(2007)
5. Ondansetron in ante emetics. (2010)
6. Pentoprazole in Peptic Ulcer.(2014,2017)
7. Levosulpride as prokinetic agent.(2017)
8. Lactulose in hepatic encephalopathy.(2011)
SHORT NOTE
1. Ondansetron (2013)
2. Omeprazole (2015)
EXPLAIN WHY
MOA
1. Desferroxaminine in iron toxicity.(2007)
2. Warfarin as an oral anti coagulant.(2010)
3. Clopidrogel as Antiplatelet agent.(2014)
4. Heparin as anticoagulant.(2015)
5. Vit k as anti-coagulant. (2012)
6. LMW Heparin in Deep vein thrombosis .(2012)
SHORT NOTE
1. Thrombolytic drugs.(2010)
2. EPO (2006,2017)
3. LMWH (2016)
EXPLAIN WHY
1. Fixed dose combination in cotrimoxazole.(2015)
2. Multi Drug therapy in TB.(2015)
3. Ciprofloxacin and theophylline should not be co prescribed. (2014)
4. Metronidazole is to be avoided in chronic alcoholics.(2014)
5. Concomitant use of Rifampin & OCP should better avoided.(2013)
6. Doxycycline is proffered over other tetracycline.
7. Multi Drug therapy in leprosy (2016,2017)
8. Metronidazole & Diloxinate Fuorate is combined for internal Amoeboesis .
9. Oral chloroquine therapy in malaria is stared with in loading dose.(2009)
10. Probensid is combined with penicillin.(2011)
11. Azithromycin is considered superior to Erythromycin.(2010)
12. Rifampin is used once in a month supervised in the treatment of leprosy.(2009)
13. Rifampicin may produce haemolytic anaemia.( 2006)
14. Combinaton therapy is usually beneficial over single drug therapy in malaria. (2017)
MOA
1. Ciprofloxacine in typhoid fever.(2009)
2. Acyclovir in treatment of herpes.(2010)
3. Fluconazole as anti-fungal. (2014)
SHORT NOTE
1. Super infection(2014)
2. Chloroquine (2014)
3. Ketokonazole (2013)
4. Meropenam (2013)
5. Rifampicin (2012,2016)
6. Chemoprophylaxis (2011)
7. Mebendazole (2011)
8. Lamivudine (2016,2017)
9. Amikacin (2016)
10. HAART Therapy (2016)
11. Antibiotic associated Diarrhoea (2011)
12. Theraputic uses of Fluroquinonlones (2010)
13. Azithromycin (2009)
14. Itrokonazole (2009)
15. Tropical antifungal agents (2007)
16. Acyclovir (2006)
17. Beta lactam antibiotics (2017)
18. Metronidazole (2017)
19. Methotrexate (2009,2014)
20. Interferones (2006,2015)
M. MISCELLANEOUS DRUGS
SHORT NOTES
1. D- Penicillamine (2011)
2. Anti snake venom (ASV) (2016)
3. Chelating agents (2011)
BROUGHT TO YOU BY
ANKAN CHAKRABORTY, SANTU BASULI, ARNAB MANNA,
UTPAL MAJHI, SOUNAK NANDY
MIDNAPORE MEDICAL COLLEGE
LONG QUESTION:
1. 8 years old boy come to the hospital with fever, asphyxia, toxaemia. On examination a
pseudomembranous patch over the faucial area is found. Provisional diagnosis? Causative
agent? Lab diagnosis? Write briefly on one in vivo and one in vitro test to determine
virulence of the organism isolated. (Corynebacterium diphtheriae) (2010,2015) (1+1+4+4)
2. A female aged about 53 years presented with evening rise of temperature not exceeding
100◦F for about a month accompanied by cough, expectoration and occasional haemoptysis.
X-ray shows opacity in the epical region of the right lung. Provisional diagnosis? Causative
agent? Lab diagnosis? Methods of drug sensitivity testing.(Pulmonary
tuberculosis)(2013,2015) (1+1+5+3)
3. 2 years old- with high fever, vomiting, headache, neck rigidity. Provisional diagnosis?
Causative agent? Lab diagnosis? Vaccine?(Meningitis)(2014)(1+1+5+3)
4. 3 years old- acute sore throat, dysphagia, salivation, mild fever, adherent thick greyish patch
is found over the tonsil and oropharynx which bleeds on removal.Provisional diagnosis?
Causative agent? Collection of sample with lab diagnosis? Prevention? (Corynebacterium
diphthetiae)(2014)(1+1+6=2)
5. Two friends went to a Chinese restaurant. They had soup followed by fried rice and chilly
chicken. After 2 hours they started vomiting followed by diarrhoea. They also develop fever
.on examination BP low. Provisional diagnosis? Mechanism of action behind this
manifestation. Lab diagnosis?(Staphylococcal food poisoning) (2013) (1+4+5)
6. 20 years newly married lady- fever, increased frequency, burning micturition. Provisional
diagnosis? causative agent? Other etiological agent? Lab diagnosis? (UTI)(1+2+7) (2006,2010)
7. 20 years old man- fever, generalised petechial rash multi organ failure, shock. Provisional
diagnosis? Causative bacteria? Lab diagnosis? Prevention? (Fulminant meningococcemia)
(2006) (2+1+4+3)
8. An adult male suffering from continuous fever for 5 days. He had coated tongue., mild
splenomegaly and relative bradycardia. Provisional diagnosis? Causative bacteria? Lab
diagnosis? Vaccine? (Typhoid fever) (2011,2017) (1+2+5+2)
9. A baby of 4 weeks admitted to hospital with fever, drowsiness, irritability, photophobia,
vomiting, neck rigidity, CSF turbid. Clinical diagnosis? Causative bacteria? Lab diagnosis?
(Neonatal meningitis) (2011,2016) (1+3+6)
10. A 35 years old man – history with contact with female sex worker- urethral discharge—no
gram negative diplococci. Provisional diagnosis? Etiological agent? Lab diagnosis? What is L-
form? (Non-gonococcal urethritis) (2012) (1+1+6+2)
11. A 12 years old boy – severe dehydration, cold clammy extremities- history of frequent
passage painless watery stool. What is the clinical condition? Etiological agent?
Pathogenesis? Lab diagnosis? (Cholera) (2007,2012,2016) (1+4+5)
12. A 45 years old lady- fever, malaise, weakness, anorexia – history of tooth extraction few days
back. Past history of polyarthritis in late child hood. clinical examination – fever-systolic
cardiac murmur. Provisional diagnosis? Etiological agent? Lab diagnosis? (Rheumatic fever)
(2008,2009) (1+2+7)
13. A 25 years old man- painless indurated, superficial genital ulcer. The inguinal lymph nodes are
swollen, discrete, robbery, non-tender. History of unprotected sexual exposure. Provisional
diagnosis? Causative organism? Lab diagnosis? (Syphilis) (2007,2009,2017) (1+3+6)
SHORT NOTES:
1. Larva migrants (2006,2016)
2. Extra-intestinal amoebiasis (2006)
3. LD body (2007)
4. Occult filariasis (2007,2014)
5. Black water fever
6. Post kala-Aza dermal leihmenisis(2009,2012)
7. Difference between Ankylostoma duodenale &N. americanus (2010)
8. Cystcercosis(2010,2013)
9. Hydatid cyst (2011,2015,2017)
10. NIH swab (2017)
DIFFERENCE:
1. Cysticercus bovis &cellulose (2015)
2. Microfilariae of wuchreria and brugia (2014,2012)
3. Floatation &sedimentation method of stool concentration technique
4. Cestode & nematode (2013)
5. Morphological difference between early trophozoite of vivax & falciparum (2013.209)
6. Cyst of E. histolytica & E. coli (2012)
7. Amastigote & promasigote (2007)
8. Definitive host & intermediate host (2006,2016)
9. T. solium & T. saginata (2016)
10. E. histolytica & E. coli (2017)
VIROLOGY
LONG QUESTIONS:
1. A 40 year man with anorexia, indigestion and hematemesis, jaundice, fever on and off
associated with hepatomegaly. He had a history of blood transfusion 6 years back when he
met with an accident in a private hospital in a small town. What are the etiological agents?
Write the lab diagnosis, prevention method, advice to the community and vaccines. (2010)
(1+6+2+1) (Ans: Hep-B)
2. A 25 years old female restless, bizarre behaviour, revulsion to drinking water, bite of dog in
leg 6 months back. Write the diagnosis. Name the viruses, post exposure prophylaxis and
aiming for prevention. (2007,’13) (1+1+4+4) (Ans: Hydrophobia)
3. A 15 year old boy presented with mild fever, malaise, loss of appetite, yellowish
discolouration of eyes. He has recent history of injury 2 months back treated by injections
and wound repair in a clinic. Write the diagnosis, etiological agents, lab diagnosis and
prophylaxis for prevention. (2006) (1+1+5+3) (Ans: Hep-B)
4. A 40 years old truck driver presented with history of fever, weakness and wasting, chronic
diarrhoea for last one month. What is the provisional diagnosis? Write the aetiological
SHORT NOTE:
1. Dengue haemorrhagic fever. (2006,2012)
2. HIV virus (2007)
3. Inclusion bodies (2009,2011,2017)
4. Post exposure prophylaxis. (2010)
5. Differences between measles and German measles. (2010)
6. Plasmid (2011)
7. Enumerate viral, parasitic and fungal opportunistic infections associated with HIV infection
(2012)
8. Negri bodies (2013,2015)
9. Rota virus (2013)
10. Prion (2014)
11. Cytopathogenic effects (2014)
12. Serological marker in HBV (2015)
13. Japanese encephalitis (2016)
14. Prion disease. (2016)
COMMENT ON:
1. Observation period of 10 days is recommended when a biting dog can be observed in case of
rabies. (2010)
2. Antigenic shift can cause pandemic (2011)
3. Varicella zoster differs from primary infection. (2011)
4. Lysogenic cycle. (2010)
5. Dengue haemorrhagic fever commonly occurs in endemic workers? (2009)
6. Viral infection may result in malignancy. (2009)
7. Some viruses are antigenic. (2007)
8. Emergence of new dengue serotypes in an endemic area is usually leads to complication.
(2016)
9. Viruses are very often cause diarrhoea in child. (2016)
10. Herpes virus may cause a variety of malignancy. (2015)
11. Bacteriophages may cause genetic alterations in bacteria. (2014)
12. Measles may cause CNS infection. (2014)
13. Viruses can be cultivated. (2014)
14. Interferon has some role in the containment of viral infection. (2013)
15. Influenza viruses are usually associated with antigenic variation. (2013)
MYCOLOGY
LONG QUESTION:-
1. A middle aged man present at emergency with high fever, vomiting, neck stiffness and
convulsive episodes. He was tested to be HIV seropositive 6 month back. On examination,
there was neck rigidity and kernig’s sign.What is the Provisional Diagnosis? What common
fungal agent responsible for this condition? What is the route of transmission? Lab diagnosis?
(Cryptococcal meningitis) (2015)
SHORT NOTE:
1. Eumycotic mycetoma(2006)
2. Dimorphic fungi(2007,2011)
3. SDA media(2009)
4. Mycetoma(2012)
5. Candida albicans(2013)
6. Opportunistic fungi(2014)
7. Aspergilosis (2015)
8. Macroconidia of Dermatophytes (2017)
COMMENT ON:
1. Mycetoma like clinical features may be caused by bacteria as well as true fungi. (2015)
2. Culture is necessary for darmatophytes. (2016)
3. Difference between mucor and rhizopus
4. KOH preparation is not sufficient enough to confirm diagnosis of specific darmatophytic
infection.
5. Examination of discharging granules indicates etiological diagnosis of mycetoma. (2006)
DIFFERENCES:
1. Endothrix & Ectothirx (2017)
MADE BY
IDENTIFICATION
1. MLI- Hair (2008,2011)
2. Human hair vs Animal hair (2011)
3. MLI- Age of 18 years (male + female) (2012)
4. Milk tooth vs Permanent tooth (2015)
5. Biological age (2013)
6. Dactylography (2015)
7. MLI- Tattoo marks (2008)
8. MLI- Scar marks (2016)
9. MLI- Teeth (2014)
10. Latent finger Print - SN (2017)
MECHANICAL INJURIES
1.Bruise, its differences with PM staining (2009)
2.MLI-Patterned bruise
5.Stab injury over right ventricle is more dangerous than left ventricle (2009)
A male person was found lying on a railway track with lacerated injuries over back of head, discuss
how you can ascertain the manner of death and times scenes death (2008)
Define Bruise. How can you determine age of Bruise? How dose parallel Bruise occur? (1+2+2) (2017)
MEDICOLEGAL AUTOPSY
1. Negative autopsy (2012)
2. Obscure autopsy (2009)
3. Difference – Medico legal Autopsy & Pathological Autopsy (2017)
PM CHANGES
1. MLI – mummification (2009)
2. MLI- PM staining (2014,2008)
3. Adiopocere (2009)
4. MLI – Algor mortis (2011)
5. Colour changes is not seen in sub conjunctival haemorrhage (2012,2008)
6. Primary relaxation vs secondary relaxation (2009)
7. Rigor Mortis-Definition, physiochemical process of development, factor influencing its onset
and distribution (2012)
8. Define Rigor Mortis. Describe in brief its Mechanism of formation. Discuss the other
condition mimic rigor mortis. (1+2+2) (2017)
THERMAL DEATH
1. Rule of nine (2008,2012)
2. Ante mortem burns vs post-mortem burns (2010)
3. Pugilistic appearance of the death body of the burns. Explain (2010)
4. Burnt vs Scald (2011)
5. Alkali burns are more extensive and damaging than acid burns (2013)
6. Classify thermal injuries due to local application of heat. (2014)
7. Describe PM findings in case of ante mortem burn. (2014)
8. EW- Wilsons second degree Burg is most pain full. (2017)
ASPHYXIA
1. Tardieu’s spot appears in all violent asphyxia death except for drowning cases (2008)
2. Burking, Choking (2009)
3. Partial hanging (2008)
4. Fresh water drowning vs sea water drowning (2013, 2016)
5. Dried drowning vs Wet drowning (2012)
6. Diatom test is not confirmatory of death due to ante mortem drowning (2014)
7. Ligature mark of hanging vs strangulation (2008)
8. Torture findings is more objective than subjective (2009)
FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY
1. Hallucination(SN) (2014) (2008)
2. Impulse (SN) (2012) (2016)
3. Delusion is regarded on of the surest sign of insanity. (Explain why) (2016)
4. True and feigned mental illness (Difference) (2016)
5. Define delusion. Briefly describe the different types of delusion. Write medico legal
importance of delusion.1+3+1=5 (2015)
6. True and Feigned Insanity. (Difference) (2013)
7. Testimonial Capacity – SN (2017)
2. Write down the specific antidote for-a) Morphine Poisoning b) Oxalic acid Poisoning 1+1=2 (2014)
3. Give the fatal dose of- a) Ricin b) Aconite c) Kerosene oil d) White arsenic e) Nicotine
1+1+1+1+1=5 (2014)
4. Name the toxic salts of arsenic. Write in short the clinical features of chronic arsenic
poisoning.1+5=6 (2012)
5. Mention the active principles of –a) Cannabis indicia b) Semi carpus anticardium c) Croton seeds
d) Strychnas nuxvomica 1+1+1+1=4 (2012)
6. mention the preservatives to be used in the cases of following poisons – a) Aconite b) Alcohol c)
Hydrochloric acid d) Mercuric chloride1+1+1+1=4 (2008)
7. Write the fatal dose of – a) Mercuric chloride b) copper sulphate c) Crude opium 1+1+1=3 (2008)
8. Explain the meaning the term drug abuse and enumerate the differences between drug
habituation and drug addiction 1+2+2=4 (2010)
10. Mention criminal uses in following poisons – a) Aconite b) Dhatura seeds c) Calotropis 1+1+1=3
(2010)
11. Define chelating agents. Mention the doses, root of administration, indication of using BAL and
EDTA. 1+2+2=5 (2011)
12. Write the specific antidote – a) Morphine poisoning b) Organo- phosphorus poisoning c) Chronic
lead poisoning 1+1+1=3(2011)
14. A person alleged to have been bitten by a snake. The local people killed the snake and brought
the patient and dead snake to the causality department. Now by examining both how you will
decide –
b) How the bite mark helps to consider whether it was poisonous or not.
c) What are the snake against which the anti-venom available in India is effective.
15. What is plumbism? Describe in short the sign and symptoms and management of a case of
plumbism. 1+4=5 (2015)
16. Write specific antidote for – A) Methyl alcohol poisoning b) Organo-phosphorus poisoning c)
Cobra bite 1+1+1=3 (2015)
17.Explain Why – a) Poisons may not be detected in Viscera even after death from poisoning.
18. Write in short the signs, symptoms and treatment of chronic lead poisoning. 5 (2013)
19. Mention Active principals of – a) Abrus precatorius b) Dhatura c) Aconnite root d) Yellow
oleander Nuts e) Cerbera thevetia 1+1+1+1+1=5 (2013)
19. Name the poisons causing constriction of pupils. Write in short the signs and symptoms and
treatment of anyone.1+2+2=5 (2009)
20. Mention the criminal uses of the following poisons – a) Sui b) Marking nut c) Capsicum seed
2+2+2=6 (2009)
21. Mention the active principle in the following poisons – a) Abrus precatorius b) Cannabis indica
22. Write Clinical Features & Management in case of accidental ingestion of parathion. What are the
Precautions to be taken to minimize occupational exposure? (2+2+1) (2017)
(2017)