Embedded system

Assignment#2
Topic:
Simply Automatic turn and off lights using
arduino in proteus.
Danyal (0038)
Department
BScs A 8th (Fall 17)
Instructor
Dr. Asad Abaas

Date:
8/05/2021

University of Central Punjab

University of Central Punjab
 Simple Automatic 4 Street Light (Should be turn on and off
after 12 hours) Controller using Arduino in Proteus ?
This project is about Automatic Street Light. You must have examined on your streets that
the street lights turn ON at night while they turn OFF in the day. When I was a child then I
think that someone turns ON the switch in the day and then turns it OFF at night but
that's really not the case.
In fact, these lights are automatic and have a sensor in them which is known as LDR
sensor. This sensor is used to detect the light intensity so if there's sun light in the
surroundings then it simply turn OFF the street light and if there's no sun light then it
turns ON the street light and that's how Automatic Street Light works. I have designed its
simulation in Proteus ISIS software which you can download below. So, let's get started
with Automatic Street Light Project in Proteus ISIS.

1. First of all, design a simple circuit as shown in below figure:

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You can see in the above figure that I have designed two circuits. Both of these circuits are
exactly same but they have different LDR sensors.
Proteus has two LDR sensors in its database that's why I have designed two circuit
diagrams and have used both of them.
Moreover, I have used LM324 IC in it which is getting the input from the LDR sensor at its
negative pole and the LED is attached at its output.
LDR is a Light Dependent Resistance which gives output when it detects light.
The output of LDR is analog and it depends on the light intensity.
If the light intensity is HIGH then LDR value will be HIGH if its LOW then value will be
LOW.
That's why I have placed a variable resistance which is used for setting the threshold value
for LDR.
Rite now when there is full light only then the LED will go HIGH otherwise it will remain
LOW.
So, let's now simulate this simulation of Automatic Street Light and have a look at the
results:

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You can see in the above figure that in the OFF state the LED is OFF when LDR is not
detecting light.
Now in the ON state, when LDR detected the Light then the LED goes ON automatically.
You must be wondering that its working on opposite logic i.e. when there's light then the
Light goes HIGH and when there's no light then the Light goes LOW.
Moreover, the output is just of 5V but the street lights are of normally 220V AC or 12V
DC.
So, let's add a simple Relay in front of this circuit so that we can add some lamp as shown
in below figure:

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Now let's have a look at the OFF state of this Automatic Street Light Project.

You can see in the above figure that the LDR is detecting the light but the Lamp is OFF, so
its like a day time. There's light and that's why street light is OFF.

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Now, let's have a look at its ON state .

Now you can see the LDR is not detecting any Light which means its a night time and that's
why our lamp is ON.

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University of Central Punjab
University of Central Punjab