ნინო მიქიაშვილი

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ნინო მიქიაშვილი
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მერაბ კოსტავა
МЕРАБ КОСТАВА

მერაბ კოსტავა
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 ნინო მიქიაშვილი

მერაბ კოსტავა
წინაპრები,
მოწამეობრივი ცხოვრება,
აღსასრული

(მეორე გამოცემა)

ქუთაისი, 2016 წელი

1
qarTulidan afxazurad gadaiTargmna
qarTul-afxazur urTierTobaTa institutSi

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tbps7fpffimf6`f hbycnbnen” f=s

mxat­va­ri lia si­xa­ru­li­Ze

Fcf[mf0s[8s Kbf Cb[fhekbot

kompiuteruli
uzrunvelyofa levan CixlaZisa

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fy,fy7`i`fhf Ktdfy Xb[kfot

შპს „სანდრო 97“-ის შეკვეთით

დაიბეჭდა შპს ე.ს. „Geo-Bel“-ში

ISBN 978-9941-0-8944-2
 wi­nap­re­bi ma­mis mxri­dan
me­rab kos­ta­vas wi­nap­re­bi sa­meg­re­lo­dan ba­tons ga­mo­eq­cnen
da ime­reT­Si da­sax­ldnen. me­ra­bis did­ba­bua _ iva­ne pa­a­tas Ze
kos­ta­va meR­vi­ne­o­bas mis­dev­da, mis mkvidr bi­ZaS­vil, sa­xel­gan­
Tqmul meR­vi­ne ma­Te kos­ta­vas­Tan er­Tad. maT qu­Ta­is­Si duq­ne­bi
hqon­daT. iva­ne qvel­moq­me­di, ga­Wir­ve­bu­lis xe­lis gam­mar­Ta­vi
iyo. iva­nes da mis me­uR­les 9 Svi­li hyav­daT: qe­Te­va­ni, ka­to,
ia­ko­bi, da­vi­Ti, kon­stan­ti­ne, mi­qe­la, mi­xe­i­li, qris­te­fo­re,
va­li­ko. isi­ni qu­Ta­is­Si, ni­noS­vi­lis qu­Ca­ze, erT did sax­lSi
cxov­rob­dnen.
me­ra­bis ba­bua _ qris­te­fo­re kos­ta­vac meR­vi­ne­o­bas mis­dev­
da. man eka­te­ri­ne (ka­to) nu­cu­bi­Ze­ze jva­ri da­i­we­ra 1906 wlis
23 iv­liss, qu­Ta­is­Si. pir­ve­li Svi­li, gri­gol kos­ta­va 1907
wlis 4 iv­niss Se­e­Zi­naT; 1910 wlis 6 ian­vars da­i­ba­da iva­ne (va­
no) kos­ta­va, me­ra­bis ma­ma. jvris­we­ri­dan Svi­di wlis Sem­deg _
1913 wlis 12 no­em­bers qris­te­fo­re kos­ta­va gar­da­ic­va­la. igi
qu­Ta­is­Si, mSob­le­bi­sa da da-­Zme­bis gver­diT dak­rZa­les.
ad­ri­a­nad daq­vri­ve­bu­li ka­to nu­cu­bi­Ze saT­no, RvTis­mo­Si­
Si da uaR­re­sad ke­Ti­li ada­mi­a­ni, sab­nebs ke­rav­da da ob­lad
dar­Ce­nil or Svils ase ina­xav­da. me­rab kos­ta­va, rom da­i­ba­da,
3
ka­to nu­cu­bi­Ze sa­cxov­reb­lad qu­Ta­i­si­dan Tbi­lis­Si gad­mo­su­
li iyo. man me­ ra­bis aR­zrda­Si di­di ro­li iTa­ma­Sa. ka­to nu­
cu­bi­Ze dak­rZa­lu­lia sa­bur­Ta­los sa­saf­la­o­ze, iq sa­dac mi­si
Svi­li da rZa­li _ va­no kos­ta­va da ol­Ra de­mu­ri­a-­kos­ta­va
ga­nis­ve­ne­ben.
me­ra­bis ba­bu­is Zma _ ia­kob kos­ta­va qi­mi­a­Si sas­wav­lo da
me­To­du­ri sa­xel­mZRva­ne­lo­e­bis av­to­ri iyo. amas­Tan, man qi­mi­
is sa­xel­mZRva­ne­lo ru­su­li­dan qar­Tu­lad pir­vel­ma Tar­gmna.
ia­kob kos­ta­vam qu­Ta­i­sis I gim­na­zia da Sem­deg ya­za­xeT­Si bi­o­qi­
mi­u­ri fa­kul­te­ti da­am­Tav­ra. igi res­pub­li­kis dam­sa­xu­re­bu­li
pe­da­go­gi gax­ldaT. ko­mu­nis­tur par­ti­a­Si aras­dros Se­su­la,
an­ti­ko­mu­nis­tur gan­wyo­bas Ri­ad ga­mo­xa­tav­da.
ia­kob kos­ta­vam ge­la­Tis mo­nas­tris Zar­cvis faq­ti mo­ik­vlia
_ na­Zar­cvi­dan ram­de­ni­me nivTs da maT So­ris da­viT aR­ma­Se­
neb­lis oq­ros be­Weds, ro­mel­sac da­viT me­fe cer­ze ike­Teb­da,
ya­za­xe­Tis mu­ze­um­Si mi­ag­no. mok­vle­vis de­ta­le­bi ia­kob­ma Ca­na­we­
reb­Si asa­xa, ro­me­lic jer ar ga­moq­vey­ne­bu­la.
ia­kob kos­ta­va 1974 wels gar­da­ic­va­la. dak­rZa­les qu­Ta­is­Si,
mSob­le­bi­sa da da-­Zme­bis gver­diT. dar­Ca ori Svi­li _ Ta­mar
(Tam­ri­ko) kos­ta­va da so­lo­mon (so­so) kos­ta­va.
Tbi­lis­Si cxov­re­bi­sas ia­ko­bis sax­lSi xSi­rad ik­ri­be­bod­nen:
kon­stan­ti­ne gam­sa­xur­di­a, Sal­va nu­cu­bi­Ze, vax­tang ko­te­tiS­vi­
li, sxve­bi da qvey­nis­Tvis sa­Wir­bo­ro­to sa­ki­Txeb­ze msje­lob­
dnen. ia­ko­bis xSi­ri stu­ma­ri iyo me­rab kos­ta­va, rom­lis cno­
bi­e­re­bis Ca­mo­ya­li­be­ba­zec man mniS­vne­lo­va­ni gav­le­na iqo­ni­a,
ise­ve, ro­gorc gri­gol kos­ta­vam, me­ra­bis ma­mis Zmam.
gri­gol kos­ta­va­sad­mi da­mo­ki­de­bu­le­ba asa­xu­lia we­ril­Si,
ro­me­lic 1979 wlis 2 iv­liss me­rab­ma ojaxs per­mis po­lit­pa­
ti­mar­Ta ba­na­ki­dan ga­mo­ug­zav­na:
`...ro­gor ga­mog­ve­ca­la xe­li­dan es vaJ­ka­ci, ka­ci mZi­me da
mniS­vne­lo­va­ni be­di­sa, be­dis ar mgmo­be­li da be­dis­gan da­u­mar­
4
cxe­be­li, bav­Svo­bis dro­i­dan­ve Ce­mi ide­a­li, ro­me­lic 10 we­li
ar me­na­xa da ro­me­lic im­xa­nad xal­xma, Ta­vad sa­qar­Tve­lom
Se­may­va­ra, rad­gan Tu ki vin­me mki­Txav­da ra gva­ri­sa vi­ya­vi, imis
kiTx­va­sac ar da­i­Su­reb­da, Tu gri­Sa kos­ta­va ra iyo Ce­mi da
ga­mo­nak­li­sis ga­re­Se moh­yve­bo­da mi­si vaJ­ka­co­bi­sa da ka­i­ka­co­
bis am­bavs...~
me­ra­bis bi­Za _ gri­gol kos­ta­va, msa­xi­o­bi da yo­fi­li po­
lit­pa­ti­ma­ri pir­ve­lad 1924 wlis ajan­ye­bis dros da­a­pa­tim­
res. 17 wlis gri­go­li er­Ti we­li da­tu­sa­Re­bu­li hyav­daT. iqi­
dan mo­yo­le­bu­li “u­yu­ra­dRe­bod” ar to­veb­dnen, ra­sac adas­
tu­rebs saq­mis ma­sa­leb­Si ar­se­bu­li, 1932 wliT da­Ta­ri­Re­bu­li
do­ku­men­ti _ “jguf­Si aris gri­gol kos­ta­va, ro­me­lic 1924
wels ij­da sa­xel­mwi­fo po­li­ti­kur sam­mar­Tve­lo­Si, ag­vis­tos
avan­ti­u­ris dros”.
gri­go­li me­o­red 1945 wlis 30 marts da­a­pa­tim­res. saq­mis
ma­sa­le­bis mi­xed­viT, gri­gol kos­ta­va 1942 wlis ma­i­si­dan iyo
va­le­ri­an dva­liS­vi­lis xel­mZRva­ne­lo­biT moq­me­di kon­trre­vo­
lu­ci­u­ri or­ga­ni­za­ci­is “sa­qar­Tve­los ga­Ta­vi­suf­le­bis ko­mi­te­
ti” wev­ri; gri­gol kos­ta­vam Se­ad­gi­na da ga­sav­rce­leb­lad 500
prok­la­ma­cia da­beW­da.
1945 wlis 4 ag­vis­tos sam­xed­ro tri­bu­nal­ma gri­gol kos­
ta­vas dax­vre­ta mi­u­sa­ja. amis Se­sa­xeb ojax­ma ci­xi­dan ga­mog­
zav­nil, lo­bi­os mar­cvleb­Si gax­ve­u­li sif­ri­fa­na we­ri­le­bi­
dan Se­i­tyo _ “mo­mi­sa­jes dax­vre­ta. bed­ni­e­ri var, rom Tqven
yve­la­ni kar­gad xarT. me araf­ris ar me­Si­ni­a. Cem­Tvis ax­la
su­ler­Ti­a. mxo­lod is ma­wu­xebs, rom Tqven ga­gaw­va­leT. ar mi­
dar­doT. gkoc­ni, kar­gad iya­viT yve­la­ni“.
er­Ti Tvi­sa da cxra dRis Sem­deg, 1945 wlis 13 seq­tem­bers
gri­gol kos­ta­vas sas­je­lis umaR­le­si zo­ma 10-wli­a­ni pa­tim­
ro­biT Se­uc­va­les da ga­da­a­sax­les. gri­go­li sam­Sob­lo­Si 1955
wlis 14 ap­rils dab­run­da da sam­sa­xi­o­bo moR­va­we­o­ba qu­Ta­is­Si
ga­ag­rZe­la.
5
 1935 wli­dan mo­yo­le­bu­li 15 fil­mSia ga­da­Re­bu­li. maT
So­ri­saa di­to “gla­xis na­am­bob­Si”, ami­lax­va­ri “ma­ia wyne­Tel­Si”,
ar­Ci­li “ni­no­Si”. sam­sa­xi­o­bo moR­va­we­o­bis 55 wlis gan­mav­lo­
ba­Si gri­gol kos­ta­vas 90-ze me­ti ro­li aqvs gan­sa­xi­e­re­bu­li,
ram­de­ni­me in­sce­ni­re­bis av­to­ri­a. 1961 wels dam­sa­xu­re­bu­li
ar­tis­tis wo­de­ba mi­i­Ro, 1965 wels sa­xal­xo ar­tis­tis.
gri­gol kos­ta­va 1979 wels gar­da­ic­va­la. igi mwe­ral­Ta da
sa­zo­ga­do moR­va­we­Ta sa­bur­Ta­los pan­Te­on­Si dak­rZa­les. dar­Ca
er­Ti Svi­li _ da­viT (da­To) kos­ta­va.

wi­nap­re­bi de­dis mxri­dan

me­ra­bis be­bia _ lu­ba go­ga­va iyo me­fis ru­se­Tis pod­pol­
kov­ni­ki­sa da qu­Ta­i­sis gu­ber­na­to­ris Ta­na­Sem­wis er­ma­lo go­
ga­vas qa­liS­vi­li. qu­Ta­i­sis qal­Ta pir­ve­li gim­na­zi­is Sem­deg,
lu­ba go­ga­vam ode­sis far­ma­cev­tu­li sas­wav­le­be­li da­am­Tav­ra.
vla­di­mer de­mu­ri­ac ode­sa­Si ga­ic­no. maT sa­mi Svi­li Se­e­Zi­naT
_ uf­ro­si na­di­a, Su­a­Ta­na ol­Ra da um­cro­si ve­ra (ba­Ca­na).
me­ra­bis ba­bua _ vla­di­mer de­mu­ria ru­su­li eni­sa da li­
te­ra­tu­ris me­To­du­ri, sa­re­ko­men­da­cio da praq­ti­ku­li sa­xel­
mZRva­ne­lo­e­bis av­to­ri iyo. man ode­sis uni­ver­si­te­tis is­to­
ri­a-­fi­lo­lo­gi­is fa­kul­te­ti da­am­Tav­ra. Se­sa­niS­na­vad ico­da:
ber­Znu­li, la­Ti­nu­ri, ger­ma­nu­li da ru­su­li ene­bi. ode­sis
uni­ver­si­te­tis dam­Tav­re­bis Sem­deg, qa­laq lu­gan­skis vaJ­Ta
gim­na­zi­a­Si mas­wav­leb­lad mu­Sa­o­ba da­i­wyo. mog­vi­a­ne­biT ama­ve gim­
na­zi­is di­req­to­ri gax­da.
1918-1921 wleb­Si vla­di­mer de­mu­ria se­na­kis vaJ­Ta gim­na­zi­is
di­req­to­ri iyo, 1921-dan 1931 wlam­de _ se­na­kis pe­da­go­gi­u­ri
teq­ni­ku­mis di­req­to­ri, xo­lo 1932 wli­dan Tbi­li­sis pe­da­
go­gi­u­ri in­sti­tu­tis di­req­to­ris mo­ad­gi­le. pa­ra­le­lu­rad,
6
iva­ne ja­va­xiS­vi­lis sa­xe­lo­bis Tbi­li­sis sa­xel­mwi­fo uni­ver­
si­te­tis stu­den­tebs pe­da­go­gi­ka­sa da ru­sul enas uki­Txav­da.
bo­los mu­Sa­ob­da ga­naT­le­bis sa­mi­nis­tros sko­le­bis in­speq­ci­is
sam­mar­Tve­los xel­mZRva­ne­lad. ko­mu­nis­tur par­ti­a­Si ar ga­wev­
ri­a­ne­bu­la. vla­di­mer de­mu­ria da lu­ba go­ga­va dak­rZa­lu­le­bi
ari­an Tbi­lis­Si, va­kis sa­saf­la­o­ze, Svil­TaS­vi­lis irak­li kos­
ta­vas gver­diT.

mSob­le­bi
me­rab kos­ta­vas mSob­leb­ma _ va­no kos­ta­vam da ol­Ra de­mu­
ri­am er­Tma­ne­Ti qo­bu­leT­Si ga­ic­nes da ma­le­ve da­qor­win­dnen.
va­no kos­ta­va bu­Ral­trad mu­Sa­ob­da. me­ra­bis siy­rmis me­gob­re­
bis gad­mo­ce­miT, “Zia va­no Se­ud­re­ke­li da sam­Sob­los­Tvis Tav­
da­de­bu­li ada­mi­a­ni iyo, ro­me­lic er­Tis mxriv Zmam da me­o­res
mxriv Svil­ma daC­rdi­les”.
uf­ro­si Zmis gri­go­lis da­pa­tim­re­bi­dan Za­li­an ma­le va­
no kos­ta­vac da­a­pa­tim­res _ we­si­e­re­biT cno­bil kacs Tan­xis
gaf­lan­gva­Si bra­li das­des da ga­da­a­sax­les. sam­Sob­lo­Si dab­
ru­ne­bu­li va­no kos­ta­va 1964 wels in­sul­tis di­ag­no­ziT gar­
da­ic­va­la.
ol­Ra de­mu­ria 1915 wlis 23 ag­vis­tos, qu­Ta­is­Si da­i­ba­da.
1922 wli­dan se­na­kis sa­Su­a­lo sko­la­Si swav­lob­da. 1929 wels
se­na­kis pe­da­go­gi­ur teq­ni­kum­Si Ca­a­ba­ra. 1931 wli­dan mi­si oja­
xi sa­cxov­reb­lad Tbi­lis­Si ga­da­vi­da. ol­Ram swav­la Tbi­li­sis
pe­da­go­gi­ur teq­ni­kum­Si ga­ag­rZe­la, ro­me­lic 1932 wels da­am­
Tav­ra. 1933-1938 wleb­Si sko­la­Si pe­da­go­gad mu­Sa­ob­da. 1938
wels sa­qar­Tve­los in­dus­tri­ul in­sti­tut­Si Ca­i­ri­cxa, ro­
me­lic jan­mrTe­lo­bis mdgo­ma­re­o­bis ga­u­a­re­se­bis ga­mo va­da­ze
gvi­an, 1946 wels da­am­Tav­ra, sam­rew­ve­lo da sa­mo­qa­la­qo mSe­
neb­lo­bis gan­xriT.
7
 ol­Ra de­mu­ri­a-­kos­ta­va 1946-1969 wleb­Si “hid­rop­ro­eq­tSi”
mu­Sa­ob­da, hid­ro­e­leq­tro­sad­gu­re­bis da­nad­ga­re­bis in­Ji­ner­-
dam­pro­eq­teb­lad. 1969 wli­dan “gruz­gin­pro­Sax­tSi” ga­da­vi­da.
ol­Ra de­mu­ri­a-­kos­ta­va 2003 wlis 16 Te­ber­vals gar­da­ic­va­la.
dak­rZa­lu­lia sa­bur­Ta­los sa­saf­la­o­ze, me­uR­lis gver­diT.

`gor­gas­li­a­ni~ da
pir­ve­li da­pa­tim­re­ba
me­rab kos­ta­va da­i­ba­da Tbi­lis­Si, 1939 wlis 26 ma­iss, sa­
qar­Tve­los da­mo­u­ki­deb­lo­bis ga­mo­cxa­de­bis dRes. de­dis ol­Ra
de­mu­ri­a-­kos­ta­vas jan­mrTe­lo­bis gar­Tu­le­bu­li mdgo­ma­re­o­bis
ga­mo Zi­ri­Ta­dad be­bi­a-­ba­bu­as­Tan _ lu­ba go­ga­va­sa da vla­di­
mer de­mu­ri­as­Tan iz­rde­bo­da. me­rabs da-­Zma ar hyo­li­a. Ta­vi­dan
swav­lob­da vaJ­Ta meS­vi­de sko­la­Si (ax­lan­del 53-Si), Sem­deg
pir­vel gim­na­zi­a­Si, ro­me­lic mog­vi­a­ne­biT pir­vel sa­Su­a­lo sko­
lad ga­da­keT­da.
me­rab kos­ta­vam da zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­am, Sem­dgom­Si da­mo­u­ki­
de­be­li sa­qar­Tve­los pir­vel­ma pre­zi­den­tma, er­Tma­ne­Ti sko­la­
Si ga­ic­nes da da­me­gob­rdnen. rva kla­sis dam­Tav­re­bis Sem­deg
me­ra­bi Tbi­li­sis cen­tra­lur mu­si­ka­lur aT­wled­Si ga­da­iy­va­
nes.
1953 wels, ma­Sin, ro­ca sa­qar­Tve­los ga­Ta­vi­suf­le­ba­ze fiq­
ric ki sa­Si­Si iyo, zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­as ini­ci­a­ti­viT me­rab kos­
ta­vam da mis­ma Ta­na­to­leb­ma da­i­wyes msje­lo­ba ara­le­ga­lu­ri
or­ga­ni­za­ci­is Seq­mna­sa da sa­qar­Tve­los ga­Ta­vi­suf­le­ba­ze. es
idea mog­vi­a­ne­biT, 1956 wels ga­na­xor­ci­e­les _ 16-17 wlis ymaw­
vi­leb­ma an­ti­sab­Wo­Ta or­ga­ni­za­cia “gor­gas­li­a­ni” Seq­mnes. me­ra­bi
ma­Sin Tbi­li­sis cen­tra­lu­ri mu­si­ka­lu­ri sko­lis me­a­Te kla­
sis mos­wav­le iyo.
8
 “gor­gas­li­an­Si” cxra­ni iy­vnen: zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­a, ana­to­li
mi­qa­Ze, Ta­maz gun­ju­a, vo­va si­xa­ru­li­Ze, me­rab kos­ta­va, jon­
do met­re­ve­li, Te­mur cer­cva­Ze, gu­ram sxir­tla­Ze da gu­ram
do­Ca­naS­vi­li.
1956 wlis 1 de­kem­bers “gor­gas­li­a­ne­leb­ma” 7 ca­li prok­la­
ma­cia da­beW­des, rom­lis mok­le Si­na­ar­si ase­Ti iyo _ “qar­Tve­
le­bo, sxva ara­vi­naa mSve­le­li, Cve­ni sa­ku­Ta­ri Ta­vis gar­da.
brZo­liT un­da mi­vaR­wi­oT Ta­vi­suf­le­bas. ga­u­mar­jos Ta­vi­su­
fal da da­mo­u­ki­de­bel sa­qar­Tve­los!”
ara­le­ga­lu­ri or­ga­ni­za­ci­is wev­re­bi 1 de­kem­bers, Ra­mis 12
sa­aT­ze ope­ras­Tan Se­ik­rib­nen, prok­la­ma­ci­e­bi orad gay­ves da
Ta­va­dac or jgu­fad ga­iy­vnen. gam­sa­xur­di­am, mi­qa­Zem, si­xa­ru­
li­Zem da do­Ca­naS­vil­ma prok­la­ma­ci­e­bi ple­xa­no­vi­sa da ka­mos
qu­Ceb­ze ga­ak­res, xo­lo kos­ta­vam, met­re­vel­ma, cer­cva­Zem da
gun­ju­am rus­Ta­vel­ze, Won­qa­Ze­sa da gri­bo­e­dov­ze.
1956 wlis 14 de­kem­bers sa­qar­Tve­los sab­Wo­Ta so­ci­a­lis­
tu­ri res­pub­li­kis mi­nis­trTa sab­Wos­Tan ar­se­bul uSiS­ro­e­bis
ko­mi­tet­Si, igi­ve suk­-Si “gor­gas­li­a­ne­le­bis” wi­na­aR­mdeg, an­
ti­sab­Wo­Ta saq­mi­a­no­bis bral­de­biT sis­xlis sa­mar­Tlis saq­me
aRiZ­ra.
1956 wlis 14-15 de­kem­bers da­a­pa­tim­res da suk­-is izo­la­
tor­Si mo­a­Tav­ses me­ra­bi, Ta­vis Ta­na­meb­rZo­leb­Tan: zvi­ad gam­
sa­xur­di­as­Tan, ana­to­li mi­qa­Zes­Tan, Ta­maz gun­ju­as­Tan, vo­va si­
xa­ru­li­Zes­Tan, jon­do met­re­vel­Tan, Te­mur cer­cva­Zes­Tan da
gu­ram sxir­tla­Zes­Tan er­Tad. gu­ram do­Ca­naS­vi­li mog­vi­a­ne­biT
da­a­pa­tim­res, rad­gan prok­la­ma­ci­e­bis gak­vri­dan Za­li­an ma­le
qu­Ca­Si mom­xda­ri in­cin­den­tis dros sxe­u­lis da­zi­a­ne­ba mi­i­Ro
da sa­a­vad­myo­fo­Si mkur­na­lob­da.
an­ti­sab­Wo­Ta prok­la­ma­ci­e­bis av­to­re­bi sab­Wo­Ta pre­sam sa­re­
ve­la ba­laxs Se­a­da­ra _ “xu­lig­ne­bi gvev­li­ne­bi­an, ro­gorc sa­
9
re­ve­la ba­la­xi mo­bi­bi­ne je­jil­Si, isi­ ni sa­
xels ute­xen Cvens
sa­u­cxoo axal­gaz­rdo­bas, gvev­li­ne­bi­an mu­wu­ke­bad jan­saR sxe­
ul­ze. mu­wuks ki moW­ra un­da, sa­re­ve­las amo­Zir­kva”, _ ase­Ti
pa­To­sis mqo­ne vrce­li sta­tia ga­zeT “ko­mu­nis­tSi” ga­moq­vey­
nda “gor­ga­li­a­ne­le­bis” da­pa­tim­re­bi­dan ori dRis Sem­deg, 1956
wlis 16 de­kem­bers.
oTx­Tvi­a­ni pa­tim­ro­bis Sem­deg, 1957 wlis 5 ap­rils “gor­
gas­li­a­ne­le­bi” pi­ro­bi­Ti msjav­riT ga­a­Ta­vi­suf­les: zvi­ad gam­
sa­xur­di­as 5-wli­a­ni pi­ro­bi­Ti msjav­ri ga­nu­saz­Rvres; me­rab
kos­ta­vas, ana­to­li mi­qa­Zes da vo­va si­xa­ru­li­Zes 4-wli­a­ni, xo­
lo jon­do met­re­vels, Te­mur cer­cva­Zes, gu­ram do­Ca­naS­vils,
gu­ram sxir­tla­Zes da Ta­maz gun­ju­as 3-wli­a­ni.

da­o­ja­xe­ba,
kon­ser­va­to­ri­a­Si Ca­ba­re­ba,
di­si­den­to­ba
me­ra­bi me­o­red 1958 wels, xu­lig­no­bis bral­de­biT da­a­pa­
tim­res, jon­do met­re­vel­Tan, zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­as­Tan, me­rab
da­di­an­Tan da gu­ram do­Ca­naS­vil­Tan er­Tad. isi­ni ori Tvis
Sem­deg ga­a­Ta­vi­suf­les.
me­rabs mu­si­ka­lu­ri ni­Wi hqon­da, mag­ram Ta­vi­dan mu­si­ko­so­bas
ar api­reb­da. mu­si­ka­lu­ri aT­wle­dis dam­Tav­re­bis Sem­deg po­
li­teq­ni­kur in­sti­tut­Si, ar­qi­teq­tu­ris fa­kul­tet­ze mo­wyo­ba
sca­da, mag­ram ar ga­mo­u­vi­da, qu­le­bi da­ak­lda.
me­ra­bi 19 wlis iyo, ro­ca ma­xa­ra­Zis (am­Ja­min­de­li ozur­ge­
Tis) ra­i­on­Si stum­ro­bi­sas ru­su­dan be­ri­Ze ga­ic­no. 1959 wlis
21 marts Tbi­lis­Si, ga­lak­ti­o­nis dak­rZal­va­ze Sex­vdnen da
dar­Ce­ni­li cxov­re­bis er­Tad ga­ta­re­ba ga­dawy­vi­tes. er­Ti Tvis
Sem­deg Se­uR­ldnen.
10
 ru­su­da­nic rep­re­si­re­bu­li oja­xi­dan iyo. ma­ma, iva­ne vla­
di­me­ris Ze be­ri­Ze, pro­fe­si­iT ma­Te­ma­ti­ko­si 1928 wels an­
ti­sab­Wo­Ta agi­ta­ci­a-­pro­pa­gan­dis bral­de­biT ga­a­sa­mar­Tles da
ga­da­a­sax­les. iva­ne be­ri­Zes ga­da­sax­le­ba­Si Tan gah­yvnen me­uR­le
ni­na go­gu­a­Ze da mci­rew­lo­va­ni va­Ji gi­ga be­ri­Ze, ro­me­lic tra­
gi­ku­lad da­i­Ru­pa. 1942 wels iva­ne be­ri­Ze dax­vri­tes.
ru­su­dan be­ri­Ze­sa da me­rab kos­ta­vas 1961 wlis 9 marts
va­Ji _ irak­li kos­ta­va Se­e­Zi­naT. 1959-dan 1987-wlam­de me­rab­ma
da ru­su­dan­ma or­jer mo­a­we­res xe­li da am­den­jer­ve gan­qor­
win­ dnen.
1961 wels me­ra­bi Ca­i­ri­cxa va­no sa­ra­jiS­vi­lis sa­xe­lo­bis
Tbi­li­sis sa­xel­mwi­fo kon­ser­va­to­ri­a­Si, for­te­pi­a­nos klas­Si,
mag­ram mog­vi­a­ne­biT gan­xra Se­ic­va­la; 1965 wels, kon­ser­va­to­
ri­is dam­Tav­re­bis Sem­deg mu­si­kis­mcod­nis, mu­si­ka­lu­ri­-is­to­ri­
u­li sag­ne­bis mas­wav­leb­lis kva­li­fi­ka­cia mi­e­ni­Wa.
kon­ser­va­to­ri­is dam­Tav­re­bis­Ta­na­ve mu­Sa­o­ba da­i­wyo qa­laq
rus­Ta­vis mu­si­ka­lur sas­wav­le­bel­Si, mu­si­kis is­to­ri­is pe­da­
go­gad. 1967 wli­dan Jur­na­lis “qar­Tu­li ena da li­te­ra­tu­ra
sko­la­Si” re­daq­to­ri iyo. 1968-dan Tbi­li­sis me­o­re mu­si­ka­
lur sas­wav­le­bel­Si ga­da­vi­da. me­sa­med da­pa­tim­re­bam­de Tbi­li­
sis me-3 sa­mu­si­ko sas­wav­le­bel­Si pe­da­go­gad mu­Sa­ob­da.
1974 wels zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­am da me­rab kos­ta­vam Ca­mo­
a­ya­li­bes “a­da­mi­a­nis uf­le­ba­Ta dac­vis sa­i­ni­ci­a­ti­vo jgu­fi
sa­qar­Tve­lo­Si”. 1975 wels an­ti­sab­Wo­Ta, ara­le­ga­lu­ri li­te­
ra­tu­rul­-pub­li­cis­tu­ri Jur­na­lis “oq­ros saw­mi­si” ga­moS­ve­ba
da­i­wyes.
1975 wlis 1 ag­vis­tos fi­ne­Tis de­da­qa­laq hel­sin­kSi ev­ro­pis
usaf­rTxo­e­bi­sa da Ta­nam­Srom­lo­bis sa­mit­ze sab­Wo­Ta kav­Si­
ris cen­tra­lu­ri ko­mi­te­tis ge­ne­ra­lur­ma mdi­van­ma, le­o­nid
breJ­nev­ma ame­ri­kis Se­er­Te­bu­li Sta­te­bis, ka­na­di­sa da ev­ro­pis
qvey­ne­bis pir­vel pi­reb­Tan er­Tad xe­li mo­a­we­ra hel­sin­kis Se­
11
Tan­xme­bas, ri­Tac sab­Wo­Ta kav­Sir­ma ada­mi­a­nis uf­le­be­bis sfe­
ro­Si sa­er­Ta­So­ri­so stan­dar­te­bis Ses­ru­le­bis val­de­bu­le­ba
ai­Ro. hel­sin­kis Se­Tan­xme­bis ga­for­me­bis Sem­deg sa­qar­Tve­lo­Si
(i­se­ve, ro­gorc sab­Wo­Ta kav­Sir­Si ara­ne­ba­yof­lo­biT ga­er­Ti­a­ne­
bul sxva qvey­neb­Si) ada­mi­a­nis uf­le­be­bis dac­vis Tval­saz­ri­siT
vi­Ta­re­ba ar ga­um­jo­be­se­bu­la.
1976 wlis ma­is­Si mos­kov­Si “hel­sin­kis Se­Tan­xme­bis xel­Sem­
wyo­bi jgu­fi” Se­iq­mna. ima­ve wlis Se­mod­go­ma­ze, ana­lo­gi­u­ri
jgu­fi zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­a­sa da me­rab kos­ta­vas ini­ci­a­ti­viT
Tbi­lis­Sic Ca­mo­ya­lib­da. 1976 wli­dan maT an­ti­sab­Wo­Ta sa­zo­
ga­do­eb­riv­-po­li­ti­ku­ri Jur­na­lis _ “sa­qar­Tve­los mo­am­be” ga­
mo­ce­ma da­i­wyes.

me­sa­me pa­tim­ro­ba
per­mis po­lit­pa­ti­mar­Ta ba­nak­Si
zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­a­sa da me­rab kos­ta­vas mi­er, sa­qar­Tve­
los ga­sa­Ta­vi­suf­leb­lad wa­mo­wye­bu­li mSvi­do­bi­a­ni brZo­
la, sab­Wo­Ta xe­li­suf­le­bis­Tvis sa­Si­Si gax­da. ara­le­ga­lu­ri
li­te­ra­tu­ris Tar­gmnas, da­beW­dvas, gav­rce­le­bas; an­ti­sab­Wo­Ta
Jur­na­le­bis ga­mo­ce­mas; krem­lis mi­er dapy­ro­bi­li da sab­Wo­Ta
kav­Sir­Si ara­ne­ba­yof­lo­biT ga­er­Ti­a­ne­bu­li qvey­ne­bis di­si­den­
teb­Tan ur­Ti­er­To­bas; mo­sas­me­nad ak­rZa­lu­li ra­di­o­e­bis­Tvis _
“a­me­ri­kis xma”, “Ta­vi­suf­le­ba” in­for­ma­ci­is mi­wo­de­bas da ara­le­
ga­lu­ri or­ga­ni­za­ci­e­bis Seq­mnas zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­as da me­rab
kos­ta­vas da­pa­tim­re­ba moh­yva.
da­pa­tim­re­bam­de ori kvi­riT ad­re ma­Ti saq­mi­a­no­bis wi­na­aR­
mdeg ci­lis­mwa­meb­lu­ri kam­pa­nia da­i­wyo, bin­Zu­ri sta­ti­e­bi­Ta
da leq­se­biT. isi­ni sam­Sob­los mo­Ra­la­te­e­bad, so­ci­a­liz­mis
mtre­bad, TviT­mar­qvia eris­ka­ce­bad ga­mo­a­cxa­des. gan­sa­kuT­re­
12
bu­li aq­cen­ti mi­mar­Tu­li iyo zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­a­ze, ro­gorc
kla­si­ko­si mwer­lis, kon­stan­ti­ne gam­sa­xur­di­as Svil­ze. da­pa­
tim­ re­ bam­de eq­vsi dRiT ad­ re, 1977 wlis 1 ap­
rils zvi­ ad gam­
sa­xur­dia mwe­ral­Ta kav­Si­ri­dan ga­ri­cxes.
1977 wlis 7 ap­rils, an­ti­sab­Wo­Ta saq­mi­a­no­bis bral­de­biT
zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­dia da me­rab kos­ta­va da­a­pa­tim­res. isi­ni er­Ti
wlis Sem­deg ga­a­sa­mar­Tles. 1978 wlis 19 ma­iss Tbi­li­sis sa­
qa­la­qo sa­sa­mar­Tlos sis­xlis sa­mar­Tlis saq­me­Ta sa­sa­mar­Tlo
ko­le­gi­am, sa­qar­Tve­los sab­Wo­Ta so­ci­a­lis­tu­ri res­pub­li­kis
sa­xe­liT zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­dia da me­rab kos­ta­va an­ti­sab­Wo­Ta
saq­mi­a­no­ba­Si dam­na­Sa­ve­e­bad cno. sas­je­lis zo­mad Se­e­far­daT
mkac­ri re­Ji­mis Sro­ma-­gas­wo­re­bis ko­lo­ni­a­Si sa­mi wliT Ta­vi­
suf­le­bis aR­kve­Ta da ori wliT ga­da­sax­le­ba.
1978 wels irak­li kos­ta­vam da­we­ra leq­si “Ta­na­to­si”, ro­
me­lic ma­mas uZR­vna:
`Sav­Co­xi­a­ni Se­is­ve­nebs mgzav­ro­bis Su­a,
wa­mo­i­Zi­nebs amis dro Tu­a,
gzas ga­ud­ge­ba le­ga cxen­ze am­xed­re­bu­li,
ar Se­a­Si­nebs dab­rko­le­ba gzad xved­re­bu­li.
zus­tad rom dro­ze, ar­ca ad­ re da ar­ ca gvi­
an,
vi­Rac me­sa­me na­pirs po­u­lobs,
ale­si­li sa­mar­Teb­liT ve­nas ix­li­Cavs, sik­vdils Txo­u­lobs.
Sav­Co­xi­a­ni Se­is­ve­nebs mgzav­ro­bis Su­a,
wa­mo­i­Zi­nebs amis dro Tu­a.~

19 ma­i­sis ga­na­Ce­ni me­rab kos­ta­vas da zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­as

ad­vo­ka­teb­ma sa­ka­sa­cio we­siT ga­a­sa­Civ­res. sa­qar­Tve­los ssr
umaR­le­si sa­sa­mar­Tlos sis­xlis sa­mar­Tlis saq­me­Ta sa­sa­mar­
Tlo ko­le­gi­am sa­ka­sa­cio sa­Ci­va­ri 1978 wlis 15 iv­niss ga­ni­xi­
la da gan­Ci­ne­bac ima­ve dRes ga­mo­i­ta­na. amo­na­ri­di 15 iv­ni­sis
gan­Ci­ne­bi­dan:
13
 “...gam­sa­xur­dia da kos­ta­va cno­bil iq­nen dam­na­Sa­ved imi­
saT­vis, rom isi­ni moq­me­deb­dnen ra sab­Wo­Ta xe­li­suf­le­bis
Se­sus­te­bis miz­niT, wle­bis man­Zil­ze ewe­od­nen an­ti­sab­Wo­Ta agi­
ta­ci­a­sa da pro­pa­gan­das... am­za­deb­dnen da av­rce­leb­dnen iseT
li­te­ra­tu­ras, ro­me­lic: Se­i­cav­da ci­lim­swa­meb­lur mo­na­Wors
sab­Wo­Ta kav­Si­ris ko­mu­nis­tu­ri par­ti­is sa­Si­nao da sa­ga­reo
po­li­ti­ka­ze; da­ma­xin­je­bu­li sa­xiT aSu­qeb­da sab­Wo­Ta kav­Si­ris
sa­Si­nao po­li­ti­kur mdgo­ma­re­o­bas, sa­xels utex­da sab­Wo­Ta sa­
xel­mwi­fo da sa­zo­ga­do­eb­riv wes­-wyo­bi­le­bas, zog­jer ki mo­u­
wo­deb­da sab­Wo­Ta wyo­bi­le­bis wi­na­aR­mdeg brZo­li­sa­ken...”
1978 wlis 15 iv­niss umaR­le­si sa­sa­mar­Tlos sis­xlis sa­mar­
Tlis saq­me­Ta sa­sa­mar­Tlo ko­le­gi­am zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­dia da me­
rab kos­ta­va dam­na­Sa­ve­e­bad cno. me­rab kos­ta­vas­Tan mi­mar­Te­ba­Si
19 ma­i­sis ga­na­Ce­ni uc­vle­li dar­Ca. anu me­rabs mkac­ri re­Ji­mis
Sro­ma-­gas­wo­re­bis ko­lo­ni­a­Si 3 wliT Ta­vi­suf­le­bis aR­kve­Ta
da 2 wliT ga­da­sax­le­ba mi­u­sa­jes. igi Tbi­li­si­dan per­mSi ga­
da­iy­va­nes, iq sa­dac sas­jels po­lit­pa­tim­re­bi ix­did­nen.
zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­as­Tan mi­mar­Te­ba­Si ara­sa­pa­tim­ro sas­je­li
ga­mo­i­ye­nes. pa­ra­le­lu­rad, te­le­vi­zi­iT ga­av­rce­les vi­de­o­Ca­
na­we­ri, ro­mel­Sic igi an­ti­sab­Wo­Ta saq­mi­a­no­bas gmob­da.­ zvi­ad
gam­sa­xur­di­as gan­cxa­de­bam da mi­sad­mi ara­sa­pa­tim­ro sas­je­lis
ga­mo­ye­ne­bam di­si­den­tur wre­eb­Si uar­yo­fi­Ti re­aq­cia ga­mo­iw­vi­a.
mog­vi­a­ne­biT, ama­ve Te­ma­ze sab­Wo­Ta pre­sa­Si sta­ti­e­bic da­i­beW­da.

`Ria we­ri­li ga­zeT `ko­mu­nis­tis~ re­daq­ci­as. aR­Sfo­Te­

bu­li var Tqvens mi­er zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­as wi­na­aR­mdeg wa­
mo­wye­bu­li ci­lis­mwa­meb­lu­ri kam­pa­ni­iT. yo­ve­li­ve, ra­sac
Tqven mis mo­na­ni­e­ba­ze werT, ar Se­e­sa­ba­me­ba si­nam­dvi­les,
vi­na­i­dan Cem­ze ukeT si­mar­Tle amis Se­sa­xeb ara­vin icis.
es iyo taq­ti­ku­ri na­bi­ji, im­Ja­min­de­li au­ci­leb­lo­biT ga­
14
mow­ve­u­li. amis Se­sa­xeb Cems gan­cxa­de­ba­Si uk­ve vi­sa­ub­re
vrclad, Sem­dgo­mad gan­Ta­vi­suf­le­bi­sa da ama­dac, amis ga­
mo sity­vas aRar ga­vag­rZe­leb. Cvens ur­Ti­er­Tda­pi­ris­pi­re­bas
nu­ra­vin ec­de­ba. ama­od Ca­iv­li­an am­gva­ri mcde­lo­ba­ni. mo­vi­
Txov zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­as da mi­si oja­xis dev­nis Sewy­ve­tas.
06 mar­ti, 1988 we­li. me­rab kos­ta­va~.*

1977 wlis 7 seq­tem­bers, pa­tim­ro­bis me­xu­Te Tvis Tav­ze me­

rab kos­ta­vas me­o­re Svi­li _ Ta­mar (Tam­Ta) kos­ta­va Se­e­Zi­na.
Tam­Ta Tbi­lis­Si de­das­Tan la­li gi­or­ga­Zes­Tan iz­rde­bo­da.
ma­ma-­Svi­li er­Tma­neTs pir­ve­lad 1987 wels Sex­vdnen. ma­nam­de
sa­pa­tim­ro­dan ma­mam we­ri­li ga­mo­ug­zav­na:
`ga­mar­jo­ba Ce­mo Tam­ri­ko. gwer pir­ve­lad we­rils. vid­rem­de
Sen­ze ra­i­mes mo­miTx­rob­dnen da Sens fo­to­su­raTs vi­xi­lav­
di, Sens ar­se­bo­bas mTe­li si­cxa­diT vgrZnob­di. vgrZnob­di da
mje­ro­da, rom kar­gi xar! Se­ni ma­ma. 15 Te­ber­va­li, 1987 we­li~.
Tam­Ta kos­ta­va 1992-2010 wleb­Si de­das­Tan er­Tad ame­ri­kis
Se­er­Te­bul Sta­teb­Si cxov­rob­da. umaR­le­si ga­naT­le­bac iq
mi­i­Ro. Tam­Ta mxat­va­ri­a. igi am­Ja­mad Tbi­lis­Si, de­das­Tan er­
Tad cxov­robs.

Ta­vi­su­fa­li ga­sax­le­bi­dan
sa­pa­tim­ro­Si Seb­ru­ne­ba
1978 wlis 15 iv­ni­sis sa­sa­mar­Tlos gan­Ci­ne­bis mi­xed­viT, sam­
wli­a­ni pa­tim­ro­bis Sem­deg, me­rab kos­ta­va Ta­vi­su­fal ga­sax­le­
ba­Si iyo _ 1980 wlis 7 ap­ri­li­dan ir­kut­skis ol­qSi, ker­Zod,
ta­i­Se­tis ra­i­on­Si mde­ba­re da­ba kvi­tok­Si cxov­rob­da da iqa­ur
bav­Svebs sko­la­Si mu­si­kas as­wav­li­da.

* saqarTvelos erovnul arqivSi daculi dokumenti

15
 me­rab kos­ta­vas sam­Sob­lo­Si dab­ru­ne­ba, rom ga­e­Wi­a­nu­re­
bi­naT, pro­vo­ka­cia mo­uwy­ves da sa­pa­tim­ro­Si Se­ab­ru­nes. 1981
wlis 17 no­em­bers ub­nis in­speq­to­ri klin­gi fe­xeb­Si Ca­u­var­da
da ise­Ti ro­li ga­i­Ta­ma­Sa, rom TiT­qos me­ra­bis ag­re­si­is msxver­
pli gax­da.
ga­Ta­vi­suf­le­bis Sem­deg, Tbi­lis­Si Ca­we­ril vi­de­o­in­ter­vi­u­
Si me­rab kos­ta­vam da­ba kvi­tok­Si mo­wyo­bi­li pro­vo­ka­cia ase
aR­we­ra _ “ub­nis in­speq­to­ri, ro­me­lic ma­nam­de mi­li­ci­a­Si me­
la­pa­ra­ke­bo­da, iqi­dan ga­mo­vi­da, Cem­Tan mo­vi­da, pal­to­Si xe­li
Ca­mav­lo, Cems fe­xeb­Tan da­e­ca da ki­vi­li da­i­wyo. vu­yu­reb­di
da vfiq­rob­di _ ra da­e­mar­Ta? am dros, mi­li­ci­is Se­no­bi­dan
ori ka­ci ga­mo­iq­ca da gver­diT da­ud­ga. ai, ma­Sin miv­xvdi, rac
mox­da da da­viy­vi­re _ “Zirs sab­Wo­Ta xe­li­suf­le­ba!” _ es iyo
Ce­mi pir­ve­li re­aq­ci­a.”
am pro­vo­ka­ci­is Sem­deg me­ra­bi da­a­pa­tim­res da ta­i­Se­tis
#3 sa­ga­mo­Zi­e­bo izo­la­tor­Si Cas­ves. da­pa­tim­re­ba­ze san­qcia
ta­i­Se­tis ra­i­o­nis pro­ku­ror­ma r.z. sa­li­mov­ma gas­ca. da­ba kvi­
tok­Si mo­wyo­bi­li pro­vo­ka­cia saq­mis ma­sa­leb­Si ase asa­xes _
“me­rab kos­ta­vam Ca­i­di­na mZi­me da­na­Sa­u­li, bo­ro­ti xu­lig­no­ba.
is ga­mo­ir­Ce­o­da gan­sa­kuT­re­bu­li uxe­So­biT da wi­na­aR­mde­go­bas
uwev­da mi­li­ci­is Ta­nam­Sro­mels”.
xel­me­o­red da­pa­tim­re­ba me­rab­ma ta­i­Se­tis ra­i­o­nis pro­ku­
ror­Tan 1981 wlis 3 de­kem­bers ga­a­sa­Civ­ra. eq­vsi dRis Sem­deg
ra­i­o­nis pro­ku­rors ki­dev er­Txel mi­mar­Ta.
1981 wlis 11 de­kem­bers me­ra­bi ir­kut­skis ol­qis ta­i­Se­tis
sa­qa­la­qo sa­xal­xo sa­sa­mar­Tlom ga­a­sa­mar­Tla. mas 5 wliT Ta­
vi­suf­le­bis aR­kve­Ta mi­u­sa­jes. saq­mis ma­sa­le­bis mi­xed­viT, war­
dge­nil bral­de­ba­Si me­rab kos­ta­vam Ta­vi dam­na­Sa­ved ar cno
da ga­na­cxa­da, rom mas da­ba kvi­tok­Si mi­zan­mi­mar­Tu­li pro­vo­
ka­cia mo­uwy­ves.
16
 ki­dev er­Ti usa­mar­Tlo ga­na­Ce­ni me­rab­ma 1981 wlis 19 de­kem­
bers ra­i­o­nis pro­ku­ror­Tan ga­a­sa­Civ­ra. 1981 wlis 21 de­kem­bers
qa­laq ta­i­Se­tis sa­xal­xo sa­sa­mar­Tlos Tav­mjdo­ma­res da­ax­lo­
e­biT igi­ve Si­na­ar­sis sa­Ci­va­ri ga­ug­zav­na.

da­mor­Ci­le­bis amao mcde­lo­be­bi

xel­me­o­red da­pa­tim­re­bis Sem­deg da­i­wyo me­rab kos­ta­vas da­
mor­Ci­le­bi­sa da su­li­e­rad ga­tex­vis amao mcde­lo­be­bi. me­rab
kos­ta­vas sa­qar­Tve­lo­Si dab­ru­ne­ba sa­xi­fa­Tod mi­aC­ndaT. krem­
lSi (a­nu iq sa­i­da­nac sa­qar­Tve­lo­sa da sab­Wo­Ta kav­Sir­Si ara­
ne­ba­yof­lo­biT ga­er­Ti­a­ne­bul da­nar­Cen qvey­nebs er­Ti­a­ni xe­li­
suf­le­ba mar­Tav­da) mi­iC­nev­dnen, rom me­rab kos­ta­vas sa­qar­Tve­
lo­Si dab­ru­ne­biT sim­Svi­de da­ir­Rve­o­da da si­tu­a­cia ai­re­o­da,
rad­gan me­rab kos­ta­va su­li­e­rad ver ga­te­xes da kon­trols
ver da­uq­vem­de­ba­res.
me­rab kos­ta­vas sam­Sob­lo­Si dab­ru­ne­bis ka­te­go­ri­u­li wi­
na­aR­mde­gi iyo im­Ja­min­de­li sa­kav­Si­ro uSiS­ro­e­bis ko­mi­te­tis
Tav­mjdo­ma­ris pir­ve­li mo­ad­gi­le fi­lip bab­ko­vi. mi­si po­zi­cia
ase­Ti gax­ ldaT _ “me­ rab kos­ ta­va aq un­ da mok­ vdes, is sa­ qar­
Tve­lo­Si co­cxa­li ar un­da dab­run­des”.
sa­pa­tim­ro­Si mo­wyo­bil pro­vo­ka­ci­eb­sa da usa­mar­Tlo­bas me­
rab kos­ta­va mSvi­do­bi­a­ni pro­tes­tis uki­du­re­si zo­miT, Sim­
Si­lo­biT pa­su­xob­da. pa­ra­le­lu­rad, mi­sad­mi da­mo­ki­de­bu­le­bas
we­ri­lo­biT asa­Civ­reb­da.
1982 wlis 2 ap­rils me­ra­bi ta­i­Se­ti­dan qa­laq an­gar­skis
№15-e ko­lo­ni­a­Si ga­da­iy­va­nes, iq sa­dac sas­jels gan­sa­kuT­re­
biT sa­Si­Si dam­na­Sa­ve­e­bi ix­did­nen. saq­mis ma­sa­le­bis mi­xed­viT, an­
gar­skSi ga­day­va­nis mo­men­ti­dan me­ra­bi “dar­Rve­ve­bis gzas da­ad­ga
da aR­mzrde­lo­bi­Ti Ro­nis­Zi­e­be­bis ga­mar­Tvis dros sa­pa­tim­ros
ad­mi­nis­tra­ci­as wi­na­aR­mde­go­bas uwev­da”.
2.
17
 1982 wlis 16 iv­liss, re­or­ga­ni­za­ci­is ga­mo me­ra­bi er­Ti ba­
na­ki­dan me­o­re­Si ga­da­iy­va­nes. ad­mi­nis­tra­ci­is mi­Ti­Te­be­bis Ses­
ru­le­ba­ze ka­te­go­ri­u­li ua­ri ga­na­cxa­da. amis ga­mo 23 iv­liss
me­rabs mo­ri­gi pa­em­nis uf­le­ba Ca­mo­ar­Tves, rac ima­ve dRes
sab­Wo­Ta kav­Si­ris umaR­le­si sa­sa­mar­Tlos Tav­mjdo­ma­res­Tan da
uSiS­ro­e­bis ko­mi­te­tis Tav­mjdo­ma­re v.v. fe­dor­Cuk­Tan we­ri­
lo­biT ga­ap­ro­tes­ta.
pi­ra­di saq­mis ma­sa­le­bis mi­xed­viT:
1983 wlis 9 marts me­ra­bi er­Ti ba­na­ki­dan me­o­re­Si TviT­ne­
bu­rad ga­da­vi­da. igi ba­na­kis uf­ros­ma ko­lo­sov­kim da­a­ka­va. amis
ga­mo me­rabs pi­rad saq­me­Si say­ve­du­ri ga­u­for­mes.
1983 wlis 11 iv­liss ak­rZa­lul te­ri­to­ri­a­ze ga­da­vi­da, ris
ga­moc pi­rad saq­me­Si gaf­rTxi­le­ba Ca­u­we­res.
1983 wlis 29 oq­tom­bers qa­laq an­gar­skis pro­ku­ro­ris­Tvis
gag­zav­nil sa­Ci­var­Si ga­ap­ro­tes­ta mis­Tvis ga­mo­cxa­de­bu­li say­
ve­du­ri, gaf­rTxi­le­ba da Ta­vi­su­fa­li ga­sax­le­bis Sem­deg ci­xe­
Si Seb­ru­ne­ba. da­ax­lo­e­biT igi­ve Si­na­ar­sis sa­Ci­va­ri 1983 wlis
31 oq­tom­bers qa­laq an­gar­skis ko­lo­ni­eb­ze ze­dam­xed­ve­lo­bis
pro­ku­ro­ris sa­xel­ze gag­zav­na.
1984 wlis 21 ian­vars me­rabs da­u­wu­nes sa­Zi­ne­be­li ad­gi­lis
sa­ni­ta­ru­li mdgo­ma­re­o­ba da sity­vi­e­ri say­ve­du­ri ga­mo­u­cxa­
des.
1984 wlis ap­ril­Si jer say­ve­du­ri ga­mo­u­cxa­des, Sem­deg
gaf­rTxi­le­ba mis­ces da 30 ap­rils sa­ja­ri­mo izo­la­tor­Si
Cas­ves. an­gar­skis ko­lo­ni­is ad­mi­nis­tra­ci­am es faq­ti do­ku­men­
tu­rad ise ga­a­for­ma, rom TiT­qos me­rabs pi­ra­di Cxre­kis dros
fex­sac­mel­Si Ca­de­bu­li 25 ma­ne­Ti aR­mo­u­Ci­nes, xo­lo sak­nis
Cxre­kis dros, sa­wo­lis zam­ba­ra­Si 5 ma­ne­Ti una­xes. me­ra­bi sa­
ja­ri­mo izo­la­tor­Si 15 dRiT ga­da­iy­va­nes.
saq­mis ma­sa­le­bis mi­xed­viT, ima­ve dRes, me­ra­bis pi­ra­di niv­
Te­bi xel­me­o­red gaCx­ri­kes da ak­rZa­lu­li niv­Ti _ mav­Tu­li
18
aR­mo­u­Ci­nes, ris ga­moc sa­ja­ri­mo izo­la­tor­Si yof­na 5 dRiT
ga­u­xan­grZli­ves. anu, erT dRe­Si or­jer da­sa­jes!
1984 wlis 17 seq­tem­bers me­ra­bis sak­nis Cxre­kis dros tum­
bo­Si ak­rZa­lu­li niv­Ti, TviT­na­ke­Ti eleq­tro ma­du­Ra­ra aR­mo­
a­Ci­nes. amis ga­mo pi­rad saq­me­Si say­ve­du­ri ga­u­for­mes.
sa­qar­Tve­lo­dan ga­da­sax­le­bis Sem­deg me­rab kos­ta­vas sa­na­xa­
vad ara­er­Txel iy­vnen Ca­su­le­bi mi­si oja­xis wev­re­bi: ru­su­dan
be­ri­Ze, irak­li kos­ta­va, ol­Ra-­de­mu­ri­a-­kos­ta­va; me­ra­bis siy­
rmis me­go­ba­ri zu­rab (ru­di­ko) Sa­u­Ti­Ze; me­ra­bis de­i­daS­vi­li
omar ci­ko­li­a; me­ra­bis me­go­ba­ri va­Ja ada­mi­a.
ga­da­sax­le­ba­Si yof­nis dros me­ra­bi mo­i­na­xu­les: siy­rmis me­
go­bar­ma zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­am; ru­su­dan be­ri­Zis na­Te­sav­ma eli­ko
go­gu­a­Zem; me­zo­bel­ma da me­go­bar­ma izo far­sa­da­niS­vil­ma; me­gob­
reb­ma: gi­zo kor­Za­Zem, Te­mur ja­ne­li­Zem, ci­ci bu­qu­ra­ul­ma da
gi­vi ma­Ru­la­ri­am.

xan­grZli­vi Sim­Si­lo­ba
saq­mis ma­sa­leb­Si devs sa­pa­tim­ros med­na­wi­lis uf­ro­sis ax­sna-­
gan­mar­te­ba, rom­lis mi­xed­viT, 1984 wlis 12 no­em­bers me­rab­ma
sak­ve­bis ne­ba­yof­lo­biT mi­Re­ba­ze ua­ri Tqva. am dRi­dan iwye­ba
grZel­va­di­a­ni Sim­Si­lo­ba, ro­me­lic we­li­wa­di da Tve­na­xe­va­ri
gag­rZel­da. me­rabs dro­dad­ro Zal­da­ta­ne­biT kve­bav­dnen. pa­ra­
le­lu­rad aR­mzrde­lo­biT sa­ub­rebs uta­reb­dnen, ra­Ta sak­ve­bi
ne­ba­yof­lo­biT mi­e­Ro da sa­me­ur­neo na­wil­Si emu­Sa­va, ra­zec
ga­ji­u­te­bu­li me­ra­bi uars am­bob­da.
1984 wlis 13 no­em­bers ka­te­go­ri­u­li ua­ri ga­na­cxa­da ad­mi­
nis­tra­ci­is mi­Ti­Te­ba­ze, ra­Ta sa­me­ur­neo na­wil­Si emu­Sa­va. Si­na­
ga­na­we­sis dar­Rve­vis mo­ti­viT mo­Sim­Si­le me­rab kos­ta­va sa­ja­
ri­mo izo­la­tor­Si 15 dRiT ga­am­we­ses.
19
 1984 wlis 21 no­em­bers mi­sad­mi ga­mo­xa­tu­li mo­ri­gi usa­mar­
Tlo­ba qa­laq an­gar­skis ko­lo­ni­eb­ze ze­dam­xed­ve­lo­bis pro­ku­
ro­ri­sad­mi gag­zav­nil sa­Ci­var­Si ga­ap­ro­tes­ta.
1984 wlis 28 no­em­bers sak­ve­bis mi­Re­ba­sa da sa­me­ur­neo na­
wil­Si mu­Sa­o­ba­ze kvlav ka­te­go­ri­u­li ua­ri ga­na­cxa­da da war­
mo­e­ba­Si mu­Sa­o­ba mo­i­Txo­va, ris ga­moc sa­ja­ri­mo izo­la­tor­Si
15 dRiT Cas­ ves.
1984 wlis 14 de­kem­bers me­rabs mo­u­wo­des sak­ve­bi mi­e­Ro da
sa­me­ur­neo na­wil­Si emu­Sa­va, mag­ram ama­ze kvlav ua­ri ga­na­cxa­
da. ko­lo­ni­is ad­mi­nis­tra­ci­am me­ra­bi sa­ja­ri­mo izo­la­tor­Si
15 dRiT Cas­ va.
saq­mis ma­sa­le­bis mi­xed­viT 1-dan da 13 de­kem­bris CaT­vliT,
sa­ja­ri­mo izo­la­tor­Si sa­me­di­ci­no Se­mow­me­bas dRe­ga­moS­ve­biT
uta­reb­dnen. sak­ve­bi Zal­da­ta­ne­biT or­jer mi­a­Re­bi­nes. jan­
mrTe­lo­bis ga­u­a­re­se­bis ga­mo ko­lo­ni­is sa­me­di­ci­no na­wil­Si
ga­da­iy­va­nes, sa­dac sak­ve­bis mi­Re­ba­ze ua­ris Tqma ga­ag­rZe­la.
1984 wlis 24 de­kem­bers qa­laq an­gar­skis pro­ku­rors sa­Civ­
riT mi­mar­Ta, ro­mel­Sic ki­dev er­Txel ga­ap­ro­tes­ta mi­si uf­
le­be­bis Se­lax­va, sas­je­lis usa­mar­Tlod mo­ma­te­ba.
me­rab kos­ta­vas gag­zav­nil sa­Civ­rebs re­a­gi­re­ba ar moh­yo­
li­a, Tu ar Cav­TvliT e.w. ga­sa­ub­re­bis am­sax­vel, ze­dam­xed­ve­li
pro­ku­ro­re­bis Sed­ge­nil cno­bebs, rac me­ra­bis pi­rad saq­me­Si
ina­xe­ba. ma­ga­li­Tad, 1984 wlis 28 de­kem­bers me­rabs Sex­vda da
esa­ub­ra an­gar­skis pro­ku­ro­ris Ta­na­Sem­we, gva­rad ili­ni. 1984
wlis 29 de­kem­bers me­rab­Tan Se­sax­ved­rad ko­lo­ni­a­Si im­yo­
fe­bod­nen ir­kut­skis Si­na­gan saq­me­Ta sam­mar­Tve­los uf­ro­sis
mo­ad­gi­le gu­mi­ni da ga­mas­wo­re­bel saq­me­Ta sam­mar­Tve­los uf­
ro­sis mo­ad­gi­le don­do­e­vi.
Sim­Si­lo­bis ga­mo me­rab kos­ta­vas jan­mrTe­lo­bis mdgo­ma­re­o­
ba gar­Tul­da da 1985 wlis 7-dan 17 ian­vram­de an­gar­skis №2
ko­lo­ni­is sam­kur­na­lo da­we­se­bu­le­ba­Si mkur­na­lob­dnen. sak­vebs
20
dRe­ga­moS­ve­biT, Zal­da­ta­ne­biT aZ­lev­dnen. 17 ian­vars me­ra­bi
№15 ko­lo­ni­a­Si da­ ab­ru­nes.
1985 wlis 21 ian­vars me­rab­ma sa­me­ur­neo na­wil­Si mu­Sa­o­ba­ze
kvlav ua­ri Tqva, ris ga­moc, Sim­Si­lis­gan fi­zi­ku­rad da­uZ­lu­
re­bu­li sa­ja­ri­mo izo­la­tor­Si 10 dRiT ga­am­we­ses.
Si­na­ga­na­we­sis sis­te­ma­tu­rad dar­Rve­vis­Tvis 1985 wlis 31
ian­vars me­ra­bi 3 TviT “kar­cer­Si” Cas­ves, sa­dac ga­ag­rZe­la
ua­ris Tqma sak­ve­bis mi­Re­ba­sa da ada­mi­nis­tra­ci­is mi­Ti­Te­be­bis
Ses­ru­le­ba­ze.
me­rab kos­ta­vas pi­ra­di saq­mis ma­sa­le­bis mi­xed­viT* mas Ta­ vi
dam­na­Sa­ved ar uc­vni­a, mag­ram mi­Ti­Te­bul dar­Rve­veb­Si mo­na­wi­
le­o­ba ar ua­ruy­vi­a; sa­me­ur­neo na­wil­Si mu­Sa­o­bas da­mam­ci­re­
be­lad, Rir­se­bis Sem­la­xa­vad mi­iC­nev­da da war­mo­e­ba­Si mu­Sa­o­bas
mo­i­Txov­da.

irak­li kos­ta­vas gar­dac­va­le­ba

ame­ri­kis Se­er­Te­bu­li Sta­te­bis kon­gre­sis ar­qiv­Si da­cu­li
do­ku­men­te­bis Ta­nax­mad, me­rab kos­ta­va no­be­lis pre­mi­a­ze or­
jer iyo war­ dge­ ni­
li _ 1978 wlis 30 seq­ tem­ bers da 1985
**
wlis 28 ian­vars. no­be­lis pre­mi­a­ze me­o­red war­dge­ni­dan xu­Ti
dRis Sem­deg, 2 Te­ber­vals irak­li kos­ta­va suk­-Si da­i­ba­res.
iqi­dan dab­ru­ne­bul­ma jon­do met­re­vels uTx­ra _ “dRes suk­-
Si vi­ya­vi da­ba­re­bu­li. de­ta­lebs mog­vi­a­ne­biT gi­am­bob­To”. ima­ve
sa­Ra­mos me­gob­ris, gu­ga ko­te­tiS­vi­lis ojax­Si gaS­lil suf­ra­
ze mo­il­xi­na. Svi­liS­vi­lis sax­lSi dab­ru­ne­ba ol­Ra de­mu­ri­a-­
kos­ta­vas ar ga­u­gi­a.

* Sss-s Tadarigis polkovnikis vladimer tabaRuas arqividan

** dokumentebi beqa uruSaZem moiZia
21
 be­bi­as gam­Te­ni­i­sas ga­eR­vi­Za, irak­lis oTax­Si an­Te­bu­li Su­qi
Se­niS­na. ifiq­ra, kiTx­vis dros Ca­e­Zi­na, Suqs Ca­vuq­ro­bo. oTax­
Si frTxi­lad Se­vi­da da sa­Si­ne­li su­ra­Ti dax­vda _ irak­li
fan­jris gi­so­seb­ze sa­ku­Ta­ri Sar­fiT Ca­mo­ki­de­bu­li iyo. gar­
dac­va­le­bis cno­ba­Si, gar­dac­va­le­bis mi­ze­zad mi­Ti­Te­bu­lia “as­
fiq­sia Ca­mo­ki­de­biT”.
me­rabs Tbi­li­si­dan de­pe­Sa ga­ug­zav­nes. Sim­Si­lis­gan fi­zi­ku­rad
da­uZ­lu­re­bu­li “kar­ce­ri­dan” ko­lo­ni­is di­req­to­ris oTax­Si
aiy­va­nes, de­pe­Sa wa­a­ki­Txes da “kar­cer­Si” da­ab­ru­nes.
Svi­lis gar­dac­va­le­biT ga­mow­ve­u­li mwu­xa­re­ba asa­xu­lia
leq­sSi sa­Ta­u­riT “i­rak­lis”, ro­me­lic me­rab­ma pa­tim­ro­bi­sas
da­we­ra:
`...me­tis ga­bed­viT da vaJ­ka­co­biT
si­cocx­lis Zar­Rvi rad ga­iwy­vi­te,
is­re­bi Sxam­Si amo­na­wo­bi
uk­leb­liv ra­tom ver ais­xli­te?!

verc mo­ge­fe­re, verc da­gi­ti­re,

Wir­sa Si­gan myofs es ra mi­ya­vi,
im da­wyev­lil dRes me sa­sik­vdi­le
vag­lax Sens gver­ diT rom ar vi­ya­vi.
o, ro­gor vdar­dob, ro­gor vi­naR­vli,
aw mom­xdars rom ver ga­da­ve­Ro­be,
ki­dev kar­gi rom Cem­Tvis irak­li
gar­dac­vli­le­bi ar ar­se­bo­ben...”

irak­li kos­ta­vam (i­se­ve, ro­gorc irak­lis de­dam, ru­su­dan

be­ri­Zem) da­am­Tav­ra iva­ne ja­va­xiS­vi­lis sa­xe­lo­bis Tbi­li­sis
sa­xel­mwi­fo uni­ver­si­te­tis me­qa­ni­ka-­ma­Te­ma­ti­kis fa­kul­te­ti.
wer­da leq­sebs, moTx­ro­bebs, ro­me­lic wig­nad pir­ve­lad 1989
wels ga­mo­i­ca. irak­li kos­ta­va va­kis sa­saf­la­o­ze dak­rZa­les,
olRa demuria-kostavas mSoblebis gverdiT.
22
 sas­je­lis me­o­red da­ma­te­ba
1985 wlis 13 Te­ber­vals me­ra­bi sa­ja­ri­mo izo­la­tor­Si 5
dRiT Cas­ ves. 1985 wlis 7 marts an­ gar­skis #15-dan #2 ko­
lo­ni­a­Si ga­da­iy­va­nes. 1985 wlis 21 marts an­gar­skis #15 ko­
lo­ni­a­Si da­ab­ru­nes.
1985 wlis 5 ap­rils ir­kut­skis ol­qis #6 ko­lo­ni­a­Si ga­
da­iy­va­nes. 1985 wlis 12 ap­rils an­gar­skis #15 ko­lo­ni­a­Si
da­ab­ru­nes. 1985 wlis 25 ap­rils an­gar­skis #2 ko­lo­ni­a­Si
ga­da­iy­va­nes. 1985 wlis 30 ma­iss an­gar­skis #15 ko­lo­ni­a­Si da­
ab­ru­nes. 1985 wlis 31 ma­iss TviT­ne­bu­rad da­to­va sa­pa­tim­ros
sa­me­di­ci­no na­wi­li, ris ga­moc say­ve­du­ri ga­mo­u­cxa­des.
1985 wlis 3 iv­niss me­rab­ma ua­ri Tqva ad­mi­nis­tra­ci­is mo­rig
Se­Ta­va­ze­ba­ze, sa­me­ur­neo na­wil­Si mu­Sa­o­bis Se­sa­xeb da sak­ve­bis
ne­ba­yo­fi­lo­biT mi­Re­ba­zec ua­ris Tqma ga­ag­rZe­la, ris ga­moc
sa­mi dRiT sa­ja­ri­mo izo­la­tor­Si ga­am­we­ses. 1985 wlis 10 iv­
niss sa­ja­ri­mo izo­la­tor­Si 7 dRiT Cas­ves.
1985 wlis 1 iv­liss me­ra­bis wi­na­aR­mdeg, ur­Co­bis bral­de­
biT sis­xlis sa­mar­Tlis saq­me aR­Zres. ima­ve dRes ir­kut­skis
#1 sa­ga­mo­Zi­e­bo izo­la­tor­Si ga­da­iy­va­nes.
xan­grZli­vi Sim­Si­lo­bis mer­ve Tves _ 1985 wlis iv­lis­Si
da­we­ra po­e­ma `Sim­Si­lo­ba~:
`...gaS­li­li gu­liT, Ri­mi­liT pir­ze,
ise, qar­ Tvel kacs, rom ekad­ re­
ba,
Tu me­Rir­se­ba ne­tav gam­zir­ze,
ama­yad dgo­ma nac­nob Wad­reb­Tan,
kol­xe­TiT tk­bo­ba ri­o­nis pir­ze,
mux­lis mod­re­ka qar­Tul taZ­reb­Tan.
es Tu ar mox­ da aRar vi­ naR­vli,
cxov­re­ba Ce­mi gan­vlie swo­rad,
mu­dam mTli­a­ni vi­jeq ina­xad
ar gav­Ti­Sul­var aro­des orad,
23
 wil­xvdom sik­vdils Tu vum­zer­de avad,
ma­Sin na­mu­sis qu­di gav­Te­lo,
Ce­mi sam­Sob­lo ze­caa Ta­vad,
Sem­deg es mi­wa da sa­qar­Tve­lo...~

1985 wlis 27 seq­tem­bers me­ra­bi an­gar­skis sa­sa­mar­Tlom

ga­a­sa­mar­Tla. ur­Co­bis­Tvis 3 wli­Ta da 6 TviT Ta­vi­suf­le­
bis aR­kve­Ta mi­u­sa­jes. sas­je­lis aT­vlad 1985 wlis 14 iv­ni­si
ga­nu­saz­Rvres. ga­na­Ce­nis ga­mo­cxa­de­bis Sem­deg an­gar­skis #15-e
ko­lo­ni­a­Si ga­da­iy­va­nes.
ga­mud­me­bu­li Sim­Si­lo­bi­sa da `kar­cer­Si~ yof­nis ga­mo me­
rabs jan­mrTe­lo­bis mdgo­ma­re­o­ba se­ri­o­zu­lad Se­er­ya, tu­ber­
ku­lo­ziT da­a­vad­da. an­gar­skis #15 ko­lo­ni­is ad­mi­nis­tra­cia
iZu­le­bu­li gax­da me­ra­bi sam­kur­na­lo da­we­se­bu­le­ba­Si ga­da­
ey­va­na _ 1985 wlis 19 de­ kem­bers qa­ laq taS­ken­tis #9 ko­
lo­ni­a­Si ga­da­iy­va­nes, iq, sa­dac tu­ber­ku­lo­ziT da­a­va­de­bu­li
pa­tim­re­bi sas­jels ix­did­nen.
me­rab kos­ta­vam Zi­ri­Ta­dad pa­tim­ro­bis dros da­we­ra leq­
se­bi, fi­lo­so­fi­u­ri da li­te­ra­tu­ru­li ese­e­bi, rac mi­si da­
Rup­vis Sem­deg wig­ne­bad ga­mo­i­ca.

sam­Sob­lo­Si dab­ru­ne­ba da
erov­nu­li moZ­ra­o­bis aR­mav­lo­ba
1986 wlis 27 de­kem­bers me­ra­bi sa­qar­Tve­lo­Si Ca­mo­iy­va­nes.
igi tu­ber­ku­lo­ziT da­a­va­de­bul msjav­rde­bul­Ta qsnis #39
sam­kur­na­lo da­we­se­bu­le­ba­Si mo­a­Tav­ses.
ssrk-Si* mim­di­na­re `pe­res­tro­i­kis~ fon­ze, po­li­ti­ku­ri pa­
tim­re­bi da maT So­ris me­rab kos­ta­va ga­a­Ta­vi­suf­les. es 1987
wlis 30 ap­ rils mox­da.

* sabWoTa socialisturi respublikebis kavSiri

24
 krem­lis prog­no­zi ga­mar­Tlda, me­rab kos­ta­vas ga­Ta­vi­suf­
le­bis Sem­deg sa­qar­Tve­lo­Si vi­Ta­re­ba mar­Tlac `a­i­ri­a~ _ fa­
ru­lad moq­me­di di­si­den­tu­ri jgu­fe­bi sa­aS­ka­ra­o­ze ga­mo­vid­nen
da da­i­wyo mra­va­la­Ta­si­a­ni mi­tin­ge­bi, ga­fic­ve­bi, Sim­Si­lo­be­bi,
ma­ni­fes­ta­ci­e­bi, ro­gorc Tbi­lis­Si, ise sa­qar­Tve­los sxva­das­xva
qa­la­qeb­sa da ra­i­o­neb­Si. aq­ci­e­bis mTa­va­ri mo­Txov­na sa­qar­Tve­
los ga­Ta­vi­suf­le­ba da da­mo­u­ki­deb­lo­bis aR­dge­na gax­ldaT.
1988-1989 wleb­Si erov­nu­li moZ­ra­o­ba iyo Zli­e­ri da er­
Ti­a­ni, Tavs ve­ra­vin aZ­lev­da uf­le­bas pi­ra­di me da­e­ye­ne­bi­na
qvey­nis in­te­re­seb­ze maR­la. ase­Ti vi­Ta­re­ba me­rab kos­ta­vas da­
Rup­vam­de gax­ldaT.
ga­Ta­vi­suf­le­bi­dan wli­na­xev­ris Sem­deg, 1988 wlis 21 ag­vis­
tos me­rab­ma gan­cxa­de­biT mi­mar­Ta kul­tu­ris sam­mar­Tve­los
uf­ross oTar ber­Ze­niS­vils _ `... am­Ja­mad umu­Se­va­ri var da
gTxovT, ga­mo­mi­na­xoT sam­sa­xu­ri ro­me­li­me mu­si­ka­lur sko­la­
Si~. am gan­cxa­de­bas ad­re­sat­ma re­zo­lu­cia me­o­re dRes da­a­do
_ `gTxovT, aiy­va­noT aR­ricx­va­ze da da­ak­ma­yo­fi­loT pir­vel
rig­Si~.
1988 wlis seq­tem­bri­dan me­rab­ma mu­Sa­o­ba da­i­wyo Tbi­li­sis
mer­ ve mu­ si­
ka­
lur sko­ la­Si. igi bav­ Svebs (maT Soris mec) xal­
xur sim­Re­ras as­wav­li­da.

si­cocx­lis uka­nas­kne­li Tve­e­bi

1989 wlis 4 ap­rils, sa­me­di­ci­no in­sti­tu­tis ezo­Si aq­cia
da­i­wyo, ro­mel­zec afxa­zeT­Si vi­Ta­re­bis xe­lov­nu­rad da­Zab­
vas ap­ro­tes­teb­dnen. sa­me­di­ci­no uni­ver­si­tet­Tan da­wye­bul­ma
mra­va­la­Ta­si­an­ma aq­ci­am, ma­ni­fes­ta­ci­iT rus­Ta­ve­lis gam­zir­ze,
mTav­ro­bis sa­sax­lis win ga­da­i­nac­vla. 5 ap­ri­li­dan afxa­zeT­
Tan da­kav­Si­re­bu­li mo­Txov­ne­bi Se­ic­va­la sa­qar­Tve­los da­mo­
u­ki­deb­lo­bis aR­dge­nis mo­Txov­niT. mTav­ro­bis sa­sax­lis ki­be­
25
eb­ze Sim­Si­lo­ba da­i­wyo. aq­ci­is mo­na­wi­le­Ta ricx­vi dRi­Ti­dRe
ma­tu­lob­da.
8 ap­rils, gvi­an Ra­miT, dar­be­vam­de co­ta xniT ad­re aq­
ci­is mo­na­wi­le­eb­Tan sa­qar­Tve­los ka­Ta­li­kos­-pat­ri­ar­qi ilia
me­o­re mi­vi­da. aq­ci­is mo­na­wi­le­ebs sity­viT mi­mar­Ta da sTxo­va
qa­Su­e­Ti­sa da si­o­nis taZ­reb­Si ga­da­e­nac­vlaT, rad­gan saf­rTxe
re­a­lu­ri iyo. aq­ci­is mo­na­wi­le­eb­ma ad­gi­li­dan daZ­vra­ze ua­ri
ga­na­cxa­des, “ar da­viS­le­biT, fi­ci gvaqvs naT­qva­mi”­-o.
am­gva­ri Se­Za­xi­le­bi­dan Za­li­an ma­le aq­ci­is mo­na­wi­le­e­bi, maT
So­ris mo­Sim­Si­le­e­bi umo­wya­lod da­ar­bi­es ru­se­Ti­dan sa­qar­
Tve­lo­Si Ca­moy­va­nil­ma sab­Wo­Ta kav­Si­ris ar­mi­i­sa da Si­na­ga­ni
ja­ris na­wi­leb­ma. aq­ci­is mo­na­wi­le­Ta wi­na­aR­mdeg or­pi­ra­le­
si­li niC­be­bi da qi­mi­u­ri niv­Ti­e­re­ba ga­mo­i­ye­nes. 1989 wlis
9 ap­rils, rus­Ta­ve­lis gam­zir­ze Ta­vi­suf­le­bi­saT­vis brZo­las
16 ada­mi­a­ni Se­e­wi­ra, maT So­ris Zi­ri­Ta­dad qa­le­bi iy­vnen. aTa­
so­biT ada­mi­a­ni (maT Soris mec) qi­mi­u­ri niv­Ti­e­re­biT mo­i­wam­la.
erov­nu­li moZ­ra­o­bis li­de­re­bi: zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­a, me­rab
kos­ta­va, irak­li we­re­Te­li da gia Wan­tu­ria da­a­pa­tim­res. Tbi­
lis­Si ko­men­dan­tis sa­a­Ti ga­mo­a­cxa­des. dam­na­Sa­ve­e­bis das­jis
nac­vlad erov­nu­li moZ­ra­o­bis li­de­re­bis da­pa­tim­re­bas sa­
zo­ga­do­e­bis sxva­das­xva sfe­ros war­mo­mad­gen­le­bis pro­tes­ti
moh­yva.
40 dRis Sem­deg da­pa­tim­re­bu­le­bi ga­a­Ta­vi­suf­les. da­mo­u­
ki­deb­lo­bis mo­po­ve­bis miz­niT aq­ci­e­bi da ma­ni­fes­ta­ci­e­bi ga­
nax­lda. me­rab kos­ta­vas ini­ci­a­ti­viT, sa­qar­Tve­los sxva­das­xva
qa­la­qeb­Si wve­vam­del­Ta mjdo­ma­re ga­fic­va da­i­wyo _ ga­fi­cu­
le­bi uars am­bob­dnen sab­Wo­Ta jar­Si sa­val­de­bu­lo sam­xed­ro
sam­sa­xu­ris gav­la­ze.
me­rab kos­ta­va, erov­nu­li moZ­ra­o­bis sxva li­de­reb­Tan er­
Tad, sa­Ta­ve­Si ed­ga xu­don­he­sis aSe­ne­bis da tran­skav­ka­si­u­ri
sar­ki­nig­zo ma­gis­tra­lis gay­va­nis sa­wi­na­aR­mde­go aq­ci­ebs.
26
 1989 wlis 12 oq­tom­bers me­rab kos­ta­vam Tbi­lis­Tan ax­los,
asu­reT­Si, siy­rmis me­gob­ris ru­di­ko Sa­u­Ti­Zis aga­rak­ze aTi
dRiT das­ve­ne­ba ga­dawy­vi­ta. va­Ja ada­mi­as man­qa­na­Si Cas­xdnen: me­
ra­bi, ru­di­ko Sa­u­Ti­Ze da Ta­vad va­Ja ada­mi­a. sa­nam ad­gi­li­dan
da­iZ­vre­bod­nen, me­rabs de­dam da­u­Za­xa _ Tam­ri­ko Cxe­i­Ze te­le­
fon­Tan mos­vlas gTxov­so. me­ra­bi Seb­run­da da ukan ga­mo­sul­ma
me­gob­rebs ac­no­ba, rom qu­Ta­is­Si un­da gam­gzav­re­bu­li­yo, sa­dac
“i­lia Wav­Wa­va­Zis sa­zo­ga­do­e­bis” li­de­reb­Tan Ta­mar (Tamriko)
Cxe­i­Ze­sa da zu­rab Wav­Wa­va­Zes­Tan Sex­ved­ra iyo da­geg­mi­li. qu­
Ta­is­Si wve­vam­del­Ta aq­ci­ac mim­di­na­re­ob­da.
ori­ve Ro­nis­Zi­e­ba­Si mo­na­wi­lo­e­bis mi­sa­Re­bad 12 oq­tom­bers
me­ra­bi Tbi­li­si­dan Tam­ri­ko Cxe­i­Zis kuT­vni­li TeT­ri fe­ris
“ni­viT” ga­em­gzav­ra: zu­rab Wav­Wa­va­Zes­Tan, Ta­mar Cxe­i­Zes­Tan, an­
zor ab­Jan­da­Zes­Tan da gi­zo Ta­va­Zes­Tan er­Tad. Tbi­li­si­dan
qu­Ta­i­sam­de man­qa­nas zu­rab Wav­Wa­va­Ze mar­Tav­da.
qu­Ta­i­si­dan me­o­re dRes, 1989 wlis 13 oq­tom­bers, di­la­
ad­ri­an ga­mob­run­dnen. sa­Wes­Tan Ta­mar Cxe­i­Ze ij­da. gver­diT
sa­var­Zel­ze me­rab kos­ta­va, xo­lo ukan zu­rab Wav­Wa­va­Ze iyo.
xa­ra­ga­u­lis ra­i­on­Si, so­fel bo­riT­Tan, cen­tra­lur gza­ze ava­
ria mox­da. me­rab kos­ta­va man­qa­ni­dan co­cxa­li gad­mo­iy­va­nes.
igi ver la­pa­ra­kob­da, mag­ram eqims nem­sis ga­ke­Te­bis dros wi­
na­aR­mde­go­bas uwev­da. me­rab kos­ta­va, Ta­mar Cxe­i­Ze da zu­rab
Wav­Wa­va­Ze iq­ve, ram­de­ni­me ase­u­li met­ris mo­So­re­biT ar­se­bul
am­bu­la­to­ri­is Se­no­ba­Si ga­da­iy­va­nes. me­ra­bi am­bu­la­to­ri­a­Si
miy­va­nam­de, man­qa­na­Si gar­da­ic­va­la.
ava­ri­is Se­de­gad zu­rab Wav­Wa­va­Zem rTu­li da­zi­a­ne­be­bi mi­i­Ro.
igi Tbi­lis­Si gad­mo­iy­va­nes. ava­ri­i­dan 69-e dRes _ 1989 wlis
21 de­kem­bers sa­a­vad­myo­fo­Si gar­da­ic­va­la, ris mi­ze­za­dac “a he­
pa­ti­ti” da­a­sa­xe­les.
sa­qar­Tve­lo­Si Ti­Teb­ze Ca­mo­saT­vlel­ni ari­an ada­mi­a­ne­bi,
rom­le­bic mi­iC­ne­ven, rom me­rab kos­ta­va da zu­rab Wav­Wa­va­Ze
xe­lov­nu­ri Ca­re­vis ga­re­Se, bu­neb­ri­vad gar­da­ic­val­nen.
27
 pat­ri­ar­qis qa­da­ge­ba
`sa­xe­li­Ta ma­mi­sa­Ta da Zi­sa­Ta da wmi­di­sa su­li­sa­Ta, Cven­
Tan ars Rmer­ Ti. dRes sru­li­ad sa­qar­Tve­lo glo­vobs da
aci­lebs Ta­vis say­va­rel Svils, me­rab kos­ta­vas; aci­lebs
ze­ci­ur sa­qar­Tve­lo­Si. dRes Cven ve­Txo­ve­biT im ada­mi­ans,
rom­lis cxov­re­ba, mTe­li cxov­re­ba iyo mo­wa­me­ob­ri­vi da
rom­lis aR­sas­ru­lic mo­wa­me­ob­ri­vi iq­na. me­rab kos­ta­va iyo
Cve­ni eri­saT­vis is an­Te­bu­li san­Te­li, ro­me­lic una­Teb­da
Cvens xalxs gzas WeS­ma­ri­te­bi­sa­ken, una­Teb­da Cvens qve­ya­nas
gzas Ta­vi­suf­le­bi­sa­ken. es iyo is ada­mi­a­ni, ro­me­lic oc­ne­
bob­da sru­li­ad sa­qar­Tve­los er­Ti­a­no­bi­saT­vis da ai, amas
Se­e­wi­ra igi.
man gan­vlo gol­go­Ta da dRes aris mi­si aR­dgo­mis da amaR­
le­bis dRe. Rmer­Tma da­lo­cos mi­si uk­vda­vi su­li, Rmer­Tma
da­lo­cos is gza, ro­me­lic gan­vlo man Ta­vis cxov­re­ba­Si da
Rmer­Tma mog­vas­wros im ide­e­bis gan­xor­ci­e­le­bas, ra­sac Se­
e­wi­ra me­rab kos­ta­va. amin~.*

es sity­ve­bi war­moT­qva sa­qar­Tve­los ka­Ta­li­kos­-pat­ri­ar­qma,

mcxe­Ta-­Tbi­li­sis mTa­va­re­pis­ko­pos­ma, biW­vin­Ti­sa da cxum­-a­fxa­
ze­Tis mit­ro­po­lit­ma uw­mi­ndes­ma da une­ta­res­ma ilia me­o­rem,
si­o­nis sa­ka­Ted­ro ta­Zar­Si, me­ra­bis dak­rZal­vis wi­na dRes, mi­si
su­lis mo­sax­se­ni­e­be­li pa­naS­vi­dis ga­dax­dis Sem­deg.
me­rab kos­ta­va 1989 wlis 21 oq­tom­bers mTaw­min­da­ze dak­
rZa­les. im dRes Tbi­li­sis qu­Ceb­ma la­mis mTe­li sa­qar­Tve­lo
da­i­tia _ dak­rZal­vas ar­na­xu­li ra­o­de­no­bis xal­xi da­es­wro.
erov­nu­li moZ­ra­o­ba orad ga­i­yo. 1990 wlis 28 oq­tom­bers
sa­qar­Tve­lo­Si mra­val­par­ti­u­li ar­Cev­ne­bi ga­i­mar­Ta, ro­mel­Sic

* citireba paata (jambul) kereseliZis da rezo gvarlianis

gadaRebuli videokadrebidan
28
ga­i­mar­jva zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­as xel­mZRva­ne­lo­biT moq­med­ma po­
li­ti­kur­ma ga­er­Ti­a­ne­bam “mrgva­li ma­gi­da”. sa­qar­Tve­los mTel
te­ri­to­ri­a­ze, maT So­ris afxa­zeT­sa da cxin­va­lis re­gi­on­Si
1991 wlis 31 marts Ca­ta­re­bu­li re­fe­ren­du­mis Se­de­geb­ze
day­rdno­biT, zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­as xe­li­suf­le­bam ima­ve wlis 9
ap­rils da­mo­u­ki­deb­lo­bis aR­dge­na ga­mo­a­cxa­da. 1991 wlis 26
ma­iss Ca­ta­re­bul sap­re­zi­den­to ar­Cev­neb­ze zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­am
ga­i­mar­jva.
1991-1992 wleb­Si sa­qar­Tve­lo­Si sam­xed­ro ga­dat­ri­a­le­ba
mox­da. zvi­ad gam­sa­xur­di­as­Tan er­Tad dev­nil­ma uze­na­es­ma sab­
Wom 1993 wlis 2 seq­tem­bers me­rab kos­ta­vas erov­nu­li gmi­ris
wo­de­ba mi­a­ni­Wa.

29
 boloT­qma

`Cven ma­inc vi­po­viT gzas afxa­zi xal­xis gu­le­bis­

ken”, _ es me­rab kos­ta­vas sity­ve­bi­a. am wig­nis ga­mo­
ce­miT min­da vi­po­vo Ce­mi wi­li gza afxa­zi xal­xis
gu­le­bis­ken.
wig­ni qar­Tul ena­ze pir­ve­lad ga­mo­i­ca 2013 wlis 13 oq­
tom­bers, xa­ra­ga­u­lis ra­i­o­nis gam­geb­lis ko­ba lur­sma­naS­vi­lis*
Ta­nad­go­miT.
am­je­rad wig­nis afxa­zu­rad ga­da­Tar­gmni­sa da mi­si ga­mo­ce­mis
xar­je­bi ga­i­Ro afxa­ze­Tis av­to­no­mi­u­ri res­pub­li­kis ga­naT­le­
bi­sa da kul­tu­ris sa­mi­nis­trom, ris­Tvi­sac gu­li­Tad mad­lo­
bas vux­di am uwye­bis xel­mZRva­nels di­mit­ri ja­i­ans da mTel
sa­mi­nis­tros.
wig­ni afxa­zu­rad ga­da­i­Tar­gmna `qar­Tul­-a­fxa­zur ur­Ti­er­
To­ba­Ta in­sti­tut­Si”.

* igi erovnuli moZraobis erT-erTi aqtivisti, gia Wanturias

TavmjdomareobiT moqmedi `erovnul-demokratiuli partiis~ wevri
iyo

30
 wig­ni ar ga­i­yi­de­ba _ sa­Cuq­re­
bad da­rig­de­ba.
2010 wels da­wye­bu­li mo­go­ne­
be­bi­sa da do­ku­men­tu­ri ma­sa­lis
gac­no­ba-­Seg­ro­ve­bas vag­rZe­leb.
ax­lo mo­ma­val­Si mkiTx­vels war­
vud­gen me­o­re wigns, me­rab kos­ta­
vas cxov­re­bis, moR­va­we­o­bi­sa da
aR­sas­ru­lis Se­sa­xeb. vi­sac gaqvT
sa­in­te­re­so in­for­ma­ci­a, fo­to
da do­ku­men­tu­ri ma­sa­la, gTxovT, giorgi muxuraZis gadaRebuli foto

Se­mex­mi­a­noT.

mo­bi­lu­ri te­le­fo­ni 577 43 45 14

eleq­tro­nu­li fos­ta nmikiashvili@yahoo.com

ni­no mi­qi­aS­vi­li
2016 we­li

31
 Su­a­Si, Sa­vi Co­xa­-a­xa­lu­xiT me­ra­bis did­ba­bua iva­ne pa­a­tas Ze kos­ta­va
me­uR­les­Tan, 9 Svil­Tan da Svi­liS­vi­leb­Tan er­Tad. ze­mo­dan pir­vel
rig­Si, mar­cxni­dan mar­jvniv dga­nan: qe­Te­va­ni, ia­ko­bi, da­vi­Ti, kon­stan­ti­
ne, mi­qe­la, mi­xe­i­li;
me­o­re rig­Si mar­cxni­dan mar­jvniv sxe­dan: ka­to kos­ta­va, Svil­Tan
er­Tad; Cix­ti­ko­piT me­ra­bis did­be­bia da mi­si me­uR­le iva­ne pa­a­tas Ze
kos­ta­va; Sal­va (bu­xu­ti) ka­Wa­xi­Ze, ka­to kos­ta­vas me­uR­le qa­liS­vil­Tan
er­Tad; eka­te­ri­ne nu­cu­bi­Ze da qris­te­fo­re kos­ta­va, Sa­vi Co­xa­-a­xa­lu­
xiT, um­cro­s vaJ­Tan va­no kos­ta­vas­Tan er­Tad; sul qve­moT, mar­cxni­dan
pir­ve­li va­li­ko iva­nes Ze kos­ta­va, cxra da-­Zmas So­ris yve­la­ze pa­ta­ra;
mis gver­diT gri­gol kos­ta­va, qris­te­fo­re­sa da eka­te­ri­nes uf­ro­si va­
Ji (da­To gri­go­lis Ze kos­ta­vas ar­qi­vi­dan)

Fu`0fys> fr`sv;`s tb6`fq`f pi`e Vthf, bf,le bf,> Bdfyt Gffnf-b9f

Rjcnfdtb b9i`vtb> $ 8sr hs[ifhtb hvj0fw`tb. {s[m frn`b fw`f]`f=s>
fhvfhf[msyn` fh/mfhf[m buskjeg: ^t0tdfy> Bfrj,> Lfdb0> Rjycnfynbyt>
Vb6tkf> Vb[fbk;
*Lf0j Umshu`fk-b9f Rjcnfdf bfh[bd f7syn`

32
 ekaterine nucubiZe da qristefore kostava _ merabis bebia-babua
Rfnj Yewe,botb> ^hbcntajht Rjcnfdtb

qris­te­fo­re kos­ta­vas da eka­terine nu­cu­bi­Zis Ca­na­we­re­bi

^hbcntajht Rjcnfdtb Rfnj Yewe,botb hsyqfv0f6`f*

da­To gri­go­lis Ze kos­ta­vas ar­qi­vi­dan

Lf0j Umshu`fk-b9f Rjcnfdf bfh[bd f7syn`
3.
33
 ma­Te kos­ta­vas Ca­mos­xmu­li sa­ek­le­sio Rvi­nis eti­ke­ti
Vf0t Rjcnfdf bh0`fp fef[`fvfn` 8s ftnbrtn

Zme­bi kos­ta­ve­bis Ca­mos­xmu­li Rvi­nis eti­ke­ti

Fbfimw`f Rjcnfdff blsh0`fp f8s ftnbrtn

ma­Te kos­ta­vas Svil­TaS­vi­le­bis - gul­na­ra (Za­Zu) aleq­san­dres asu­li

kos­ta­vas da ser­go ma­Tes (da­Tu­nas) Ze kos­ta­vas ar­qi­ve­bi­dan
Vf0t Rjcnfdf bvj0fw`f Uekmyfhf (Ofoe) Fkt6cfylh-b9]f Rjcnfdtb Cthuj
Vf0t (Lf0eyf)-b9f Rjcnfdtb hfh[bd f7syn`
34
 me­ra­bis ba­bu­is Zma _
ia­kob kos­ta­va
so­so ia­ko­bis Ze kos­ta­vas
ar­qi­vi­dan

Vthf, bf,le bfimf

Bfrj, Rjcnfdf
Cjcj Bfrjd-b9f Rjcnfdf
bfh[bd f7syn`

me­ra­bis ba­bu­a-­be­bia de­dis mxri­dan _ vla­di­mer de­mu­ria da lu­ba go­ga­va

me­rab kos­ta­vas me­mo­ri­a­lu­ri sax­l-mu­ze­u­mis fo­to-ar­qi­vi­dan
Vthf, bf,leb bfyleb bfy kufyf[msyn` - Dkflbvbh Ltvehbtb Kbe,f Ujufdtb
Vthf, Rjcnfdf bvtvjhbfkn` 8ys-veptb fajnj-fh[bd f7syn`
35
 cariel qvabSi Cayrili, lobios marcvlebSi gaxveuli es werilebi,
grigol kostavam ojaxs cixidan 1945 wels gamougzavna
da­To kos­ta­vas ar­qi­vi­dan

F7`sl b0fq`f[ys f6`f, b0fp fh0 fcfkfvi`7`6`f Umshu`fk Rjcnfdf

f,f[0f7syn` b0ffw`fhf bhpffbim0bn 1$45 is6`cfps
*Lf0j Umshu`fk-b9f Rjcnfdf bfh[bd f7syn`
36
grigol kostava _ merabis mamis Zma

Umshu`fk Rjcnfdf – Vthf, bf, bfimf

grigol kostava
arsenas rolSi, 1938 weli

“Fhctyf” bhjkm yfbuojbn

Umshu`fk Rjcnfdf.
1$3# is6`cf

da­To kos­ta­vas ar­qi­vi­dan Lf0j Umshu`fk-b9f Rjcnfdf bfh[bd f7syn`

37
 merabis mSoblebi _ vano kostava da olRa demuria-kostava
Vthf, b0ffw`f _ Dfyj Rjcnfdtb Jkmuf Ltvehbf'Rjcnfdtb

merab kostavas memorialuri saxl-muzeumis foto-arqividan

Vthf, Rjcnfdf bvtvjhbfkn` 8ys'veptb fajnj'fh[bd f7syn`
38
merabi ymawvilobisas. 1954 weli
Vthf, firjk lfy0fp. 1$54 is6`cf

merab kostavas memorialuri saxl-muzeumis foto-arqividan

Vthf, Rjcnfdf bvtvjhbfkn` 8ys'veptb fajnj'fh[bd f7syn`
39
 1956 wlis 1-2 dekembers `gorgaslianelebis~ gavrcelebuli proklamacia
saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros arqividan

1$5! is6`cf 9[syzr`sy 1'2 hps `Ujhufckbfyb~ fkf[`skfw`f bkflshq`fp

fghjrkfvfwbf6`f. F8yeq7fn`b fec6`f hvbybcnhhf fh[bd f7syn`

40
 `gorgaslianelebi~ gansasjelis skamze, 1957 wlis 5 aprili.
kedelTan marcxnidan pirveli Tamaz gunjua, merab kostava, jondo
metreveli da zviad gamsaxurdia. qveda rigSi marcxnidan pirveli
vova sixaruliZe, Temur cercvaZe, tolika miqaZe da guram sxritlaZe
jemal sxirtlaZis gadaRebuli foto, jondo metrevelis ojaxis
arqividan

`Ujhufckbfyb~ fkf[`skfw`f heco,fhf> 1$5@ is6`cf vif9svpf 5. F0ofvw

f=s fhvfhf[msyn` frn`b )fvfp Uey\mef> Vthf, Rjcnfdf> |mjylj Vtnhtdtkb>
Pdbfl Ufvcf[`shlbf. Qf7fn`b fw`f]`f=s fhvfhf[msyn` frn`b Djdf Cb[fhekbot>
)tveh Wthwdfot> Njkbr Vb6fot> Uehfv C[bhnkfot.
|mtvfk C[bhnkfot b0b[sp fgfnht0> |mjylj Vtnhtdtkb bfh[bd f7syn`

41
 გ
ო
რ
გ
ა
ს
zviad gamsaxurdia ლ anatoli miqaZe

ი
Pdbfl Ufvcf[`shlbf Fyfnjkb Vb6fot

ა
ნ
ე
ლ
ე
ბ
vova sixaruliZe
Djdf Cb[fhekbot ი guram doCanaSvili
Uehfv Ljxfyfidbkb

fotoebi studia `lexaindrao prodaqSen~-is arqividan

Fcnelbf `Kt[fbylhfj ghjlfriy~ fh[bd f7syn`
42
 Г
О
Р
Г
А
С
Л
И
А
Н
И
merab kostava А jondo metreveli
Vthf, Rjcnfdf
Л |mjylj Vtnhtdtkb

А
X
Ə
Ы
Л
А
Ц
Ə
А

Temur cercvaZe Tamaz gunjua

)tveh Wthwdfot )fvfp Uey\mef

guram sxritlaZe Uehfv C[bhnkfot

43
jemal maziaSvili, rodam WeliZe, merab kostava, jondo metreveli
da guram doCanaSvili. 1959 weli. merab kostavas klaselis nugzar
axvledianis arqividan
Fhvfhf[msyn` frn`b |mtvfk Vfpbfidbkb> Hjlfv Ztkbot> Vthf, Rjcnfdf>
|mjylj Vtnhtdtkb> Uehfv Ljxfyfidbkb. 1$5$ is6`cf.
Vthf, Rjcnfdf firjk bw0fp Yeupfh F[dktlbfyb bfh[bd f7syn`.

merab kostava da
rusudan beriZe
rusudan beriZis arqividan

Vthf, Rjcnfdtb
Hecelfy <thbotb
Hecelfy <thbot kfh[bd f7syn`
44
 ivane beriZe,
rusudan beriZis mama
Bdfyt <thbot>
Hecelfy <thbot kf,
rusudan beriZis Zma da mSoblebi
gadasaxlebaSi
Hecelfy <thbot kfimtb k0ffw`tb
f[ufhf=s

rusudan beriZis fotoarqividan

Hecelfy <thbot kfh[bd f7syn`
45
merab kostava da tariel kostava patimrobisas. 1987 weli
tariel kostavas arqividan
Vthf, Rjcnfdf b,ffylf8hffy bfhtb Nfhbtk Rjcnfdtb b0sh[sp fgfnht0.
1$#@ is6`cf. Nfhbtk Rjcnfdf bfh[bd f7syn`

merab kostava Tavisufal dasaxlebaSi. 1980 weli

aqamde gamouqveynebeli foto daviT bostoRanaSvilis arqividan
Vthf, Rjcnfdf b9cflumsk lf[sufys lfys7fp. 1$#% is6`cf.
Fajnj0s[sv0f hf9[mfof bw`shujeg. Lfdb0 <jcnj/fyfidbkb bfh[bd f7syn`
46
 Tamar (TamTa) kostava. 1989 weli
)fvfh ()fv0f) Rjcnfdf. 1$#$ is6`cf

TamTa kostavas arqividan )fv0f Rjcnfdf kfh[bd f7syn`

47
irakli kostavas xeliT dawerili, mamisadmi miZRvnili leqsi `Tanatosi~
Bhfrkb Rjcnfdf byfgfkf b8e bf, bpre f;`tbyhffkf ~)fyfnjcb~

48
irakli kostava da guram kakulia. leningradi. 1982 weli
rusudan beriZis arqividan. foto qveyndeba pirvelad
Bhfrkb Rjcnfdtb U`shfv Rfrekbtb. Ktybyuhfl. 1$#2 is6`cf.
Hecelfy <thbot kfh[bd f7syn`. Fajnj0s[sv0f hf9[mfof bw`shujeg.

4.
49
 merab kostavas piradi saqmis pirveli gverdi. Sinagan saqmeTa
saministros Tadarigis polkovnikis vladimer tabaRuas arqividan
Vthf, Rjcnfdf bec frn`b flf7mf. F8yeq7fn`b fec6`f hvbybcnhhf 9s[mfn`b
fgjkrjdybr Dkflbvbh Nf,fuef bfh[bd f7syn`
50
merab kostava da zviad gamsaxurdia. 1989 weli. romanoz doliZis foto
Vthf, Rjcnfdtb Pdbfl Ufvcf[`shlbtb. 1$#$ is6`cf. Hjvfyjp Ljkbot bajnj0s[sv0f

merab kostava da dimitri (dima) jaiani. soxumi. 1989 weli

dimitri jaianis arqividan
Vthf, Rjcnfdtb Lbvbnhb (Lbvf) |mfbfybb. F7`f. 1$#$ is6`cf.
Lbvbnhb (Lbvf) |mfbfyb bfh[bd f7syn`
51
merab kostava. 1989 weli. saqarTvelos erovnuli arqivis foto
Vthf, Rjcnfdf> 1$#$ is6`cf kfqfhfvpf. ^sh0n`skf fvbkf0n` fh[bd f7syn`

52
merab kostavas dawerili gancxadeba. 1988 wlis 21 agvisto
nino miqiaSvilis arqividan
Vthf, Rjcnfdf bb8sp fhpf]fk. 1$33 is6`cf yfy]`f 21.
Ybyj Vb6bfidbkb kfh[bd f7syn`

53
 sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqi, mcxeTa-Tbilisis
mTavarepiskoposi, biWvinTisa da cxum-afxazeTis mitropoliti uwmindesi
da unetaresi ilia II. yazbegis raioni. sofeli sno. 2011 weli
giorgi (goga) xaindravas gadaRebuli, dRemde gamouqveynebeli foto

B9imfojeb <pfpfhf le pvjeb Bkbf II> ^sh0n`skf Frfnfkbrjcb'Fgfnhbfh[b>

Vw[t0tb ^fh0b Fh[btgbcrjgb> Gbweyltb W[`sv'F9cyb fvbnhjgjkbnb. ^fp,tub
fhfbjy. F6s0f Cyj. 2%11 is6`cf. Ubjhub (Ujuf) {fbylhfdf bajnj0s[sv0f.

54
merab kostava. 1989 wlis maisi
badri vadaWkorias gadaRebuli foto
Vthf, Rjcnfdf> 1$#$ is6`cf kfqfhfvpf
<fhlb Dflfzrjhbf bajnj0s[sv0f

55
 Ybyj Vb6bfidbkb

Vthf, Rjcnfdf
А[skqim0hf>
fu`f7hfn` 9c0fpffhf>
fleytb f9cf[hf

(А8,fn`b fns;mhf)

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58
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59
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60
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62
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63
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