GULSHAN CAMPUS, KARACHI

NAME OF STUDENT: Faiz ur Rehman ID No. 1471-2019

FINALEXAMINATION
Fall 2020
Time
Department / Total
Program Semester Course Title Instructor Date of Exam Allowe
Faculty Marks
d
Personal
Faculty of Art
Management Amna 3
and Design BMS III 16 Feb 2020 40
(Interpersonal Ishtiaque Hours
(FAD)
Skills)

Instructions:
1. This paper contains ____ questions. Attempt all questions.
2. Marks of each question are mentioned at the end of each question.
3. Use of Calculator is ______________.(Allowed / Not Allowed).
4. Mobile Phones must be powered off and kept away during the exam.
5. Cheating of any type will disqualify the candidate.
6. Admit card is compulsory to appear in exam.
7. Student shall not be allowed to leave exam hall before one (1) hour from start time of exam.
8. Student shall not be allowed to enter in exam hall after one (1) hour of start time of exam.
9. Student must comply with given instructions by the invigilator or examiner.
10. Any arguments/misbehavior with invigilator shall be resulted to disciplinary action.
11. Do not detach the sheets. (Paper will be cancelled, if the sheets are detached).
12. Write your answers in ink. Pencil may be used for underlining of diagrams only.
13. The work must be neat & clean. Over-writing, cutting will be considered as mistake.
14. Student must bring his/her own stationary. Borrowing in exam hall is not allowed.
15. Answer Script & Question Paper must be returned back to invigilator before leaving exam hall.

This paper has a total of _____ pages including this title page
 GULSHAN CAMPUS, KARACHI

FINALEXAMINATION
FALL 2020
Course Title: Personal Management (Interpersonal Skills)
Instructor's Name: AMNA ISHTIAQUE
_____________________________________________________________________________

Note: THEORY PAPER

Q-1: Considering Hofstede’s Model, How does culture differs from each other? Give
example of each model within the organization.
Answer:

Hofstede's cultural dimensions theory is a framework for cross-cultural communication,

developed by Geert Hofstede. It shows the effects of a society's culture on the values of
its members, and how these values relate to behaviour, using a structure derived from
factor analysis.Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions Theory was created in 1980 by Dutch
management researcher, Geert Hofstede. The aim of the study was to determine the
dimensions in which cultures vary.

Hofstede identified six categories that define culture:

1. Power Distance

Power distance index refers to the differences in the work culture as per the power
delegated to the employees. There are some organisations which believe in appointing
team leaders or team managers who are responsible for their respective teams and
have the challenge of extracting the best out of the members. The team members have
to respect their team leaders and work as per their orders and advice.
However, in some organisations, every employee is accountable for his own
performance. No special person is assigned to take charge of the employees. The
individuals are answerable to none except for themselves. Every employee gets equal
treatment from the management and has to take ownership of his /her own work.The
examples below illustrate this.

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Organisation A - Non-hierarchical
Here the power is distributed evenly among all employees, regardless of their position.
Every individual received equal benefits and rights irrespective of their level in the
hierarchy.
Organisation B - Hierarchical
In contrast, within organisation B those in higher positions will enjoy special treatment
from the management and the team leaders will be delegated more responsibilities as
compared to the other team members.

Individualism vs. Collectivism

The individualism vs. collectivism dimension considers the degree to which societies are
integrated into groups and their perceived obligations and dependence on groups.
Individualism indicates that there is a greater importance placed on attaining personal
goals. A person’s self-image in this category is defined as “I.”
Collectivism indicates that there is a greater importance placed on the goals and well-
being of the group. A person’s self-image in this category is defined as “We”.

Uncertainty Avoidance Index

The uncertainty avoidance index considers the extent to which uncertainty and
ambiguity are tolerated. This dimension considers how unknown situations and
unexpected events are dealt with.
A high uncertainty avoidance index indicates a low tolerance for uncertainty, ambiguity,
and risk-taking. The unknown is minimized through strict rules, regulations, etc.
A low uncertainty avoidance index indicates a high tolerance for uncertainty, ambiguity,
and risk-taking. The unknown is more openly accepted, and there are lax rules,
regulations, etc.

Masculinity vs. Femininity

The masculinity vs. femininity dimension is also referred to as “tough vs. tender,” and
considers the preference of society for achievement, attitude towards sexuality equality,
behavior, etc.
Masculinity comes with the following characteristics: distinct gender roles, assertive,
and concentrated on material achievements and wealth-building.
Femininity comes with the following characteristics: fluid gender roles, modest,
nurturing, and concerned with the quality of life.

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Long-Term Orientation vs. Short-Term Orientation

The long-term orientation vs. short-term orientation dimension considers the extent to
which society views its time horizon.
Long-term orientation shows focus on the future and involves delaying short-term
success or gratification in order to achieve long-term success. Long-term orientation
emphasizes persistence, perseverance, and long-term growth.
Short-term orientation shows focus on the near future, involves delivering short-term
success or gratification, and places a stronger emphasis on the present than the future.
Short-term orientation emphasizes quick results and respect for tradition.

Indulgence vs. Restraint

The indulgence vs. restraint dimension considers the extent and tendency for a society
to fulfill its desires. In other words, this dimension revolves around how societies can
control their impulses and desires.
Indulgence indicates that a society allows relatively free gratification related to enjoying
life and having fun.
Restraint indicates that a society suppresses gratification of needs and regulates it
through social norms.
10 Marks

Q-2: Define elements of good speech.

Answer:

Elements of speech
When giving a speech, there are two areas that must be considered: the content and
the delivery. Each is an essential component of great oration; you can have the most
exciting information to share, but if the entire speech is delivered in a soft, monotone
voice, it won’t matter. Likewise, if you are an excellent speaker who delivers a message
with animation and enthusiasm, you won’t get far without having anything substantial
to say.
Ensure Your Speech Has a Point

Your crowd is giving you their time, so ensure you're not squandering it with a discourse
that has no point. Almost everybody has heard a discourse and left considering what it

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was truly about. Try not to commit this error. Ensure you have a point, yet try not to
have an excessive number of focuses, since such a large number of messages can be
hazardous too.

Connect with Your Audience

Despite the fact that you're the one giving the discourse, you need to consider your
discourse a discussion. You should interface with your crowd. This should be possible
through eye to eye connection, yet use language your crowd feels great with, and try
not to speak condescendingly to your crowd.

Have the Right Tone for Your Message

Having the correct tone for your message is so significant when you're conveying a
discourse. Consider who your crowd is and why they're tuning in to you. What does your
crowd need? As per Forbes, regardless of whether you will likely test, engage, spur, or
educate, you should have the correct tone.

Focus on Good Structure

An extraordinary discourse needs a decent design, which implies your discourse ought
to have a start, a center, and a completion. Crowds frequently respond best when you
mention to them before all else what you intend to share, and afterward you can offer
mileposts all through the discourse. Don't simply jump into the point. Start by giving
your central matters and telling the crowd how you'll mastermind your discourse.

Capture People with a Story

Individuals respond to stories. Stories command notice. Use stories inside your
discourses to catch your crowd. Stories not just offer an extraordinary method to begin
a discourse, however they can be woven into your discourse to outline focuses and
appeal to the feelings of your crowd.

Practice and Revise

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Invest a lot of energy rehearsing your discourse and reexamining as fundamental.

Rehearsing allows you to discover regions of your discourse that need work so you can
reconsider them to improve an association.

Leave Your Audience Wanting More

An excessive number of speakers talk for a really long time. You need to leave your
crowd needing more, so keep your discourse somewhat on the more limited side.

10 Marks

Q-3: Define four types of Proxemics with examples.

Answer:
Types of Proxemics
There are 4 categories in
Proxemics namely

1. Intimate
2. Personal
3. Social
4. Public

Intimate
Intimate distance is that which is used for very confidential communications. This
zone of distance is characterized by 0 to 2 feet of space between two individuals.
An example of intimate distance is two people hugging, holding hands, or standing
side-by-side. People in intimate distance share a unique level of comfort with one
another. Those who are not comfortable with someone who approaches them in
the intimate zone will experince a great deal of social discomfort or awkwardness.

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Personal
Personal distance is used for talking with family and close friends. Although it
gives a person a little more space than intimate distance, it is still very close in
proximity to that of Intimacy, and may involve touching. Personal distance can
range from 2 to 4 feet. Like intimate distance, if a stranger approaches someone in
the personal zone, he or she is likely to feel uncomfortable being in such close
proximity with the stranger.

Social
Social distance is used in business transactions, meeting new people and
interacting with groups of people. Social distance has a large range in the distance
that it can incorporate. From 4 to 12 feet, it is clear that social distance depends
on the situation. Social distance may be used among students, co-workers, or
acquaintances. Generally, people within social distance do not engage in physical
contact with one another.

Public
Public space is the space that characterizes how close we sit or stand to someone, like a
public figure or public speaker. So, if you are at an event listening to a professor give a
lecture, you are probably about 12-25 feet away.

10 Marks

Q-4: List down the five barriers to effective communication.

Answer:
Any parameter that limits the purpose or channel of communication between the
transmitter and the receiver is a barrier to communication. A communication barrier
may limit or reduce the ease at which we communicate and hence the name barrier.

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Although the barriers to effective communication may be different for different

situations, the following are some of the main barriers:

1. PHYSICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL BARRIERS

These include distance, background noise, poor or malfunctioning equipment, bad
hearing, poor eyesight, speech impediments.

2. EMOTIONAL BARRIER
Emotions (anger, fear, sadness) and attitudes (having to be right all the time, believing
oneself to be superior or inferior to others) affect objectivity.

3. LANGUAGE BARRIER
Speaking different languages, having strong accents, using slang or jargon can frustrate
communication and negotiation efforts.

4.TRYING TOO HARD, SEEMING DESPERATE

When you try too hard to persuade someone, you may seem desperate, and desperation
smells like manipulation and turns people off before you can utter your next desperate
word.

5.CULTURAL BARRIER
The stereotypical assumptions that people make about each other based on cultural
background.

10 Marks