Subjective Questions: Matrices & Determinant

Matrices & Determinant
SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
a2 ( b2 c 2 )cos ab (1 cos ) ac (1 cos )

1. If a2 + b2 + c2 = 1, then prove that ba (1 cos ) b (c 2 a 2 )cos
2
bc (1 cos )
ca (1 cos ) cb (1 cos ) c (a 2 b 2 )cos
2
is independent of a, b, c
a2 + b2 + c 2 = 1
a2 ( b2 c 2 )cos ab (1 cos ) ac (1 cos )

ba (1 cos ) b2 (c 2 a 2 )cos bc (1 cos ) a, b, c
ca (1 cos ) cb (1 cos ) c (a 2 b 2 )cos
2
2. If a, b, c, x, y, z R, then prove that,

a, b, c, x, y, z R,
(a x ) 2 (b x ) 2 ( c x ) 2 (1 ax )2 (1 bx )2 (1 cx )2
(a y ) 2 (b y ) 2 ( c y ) 2 = (1 ay )2 (1 by )2 (1 cy )2 .
( a z )2 (b z )2 (c z )2 (1 az)2 (1 bz)2 (1 cz )2
1 a1 1 1
3. If a1, a2, a3 are distinct real roots of the equation px + px + qx + r = 0 such that 1
3
1 a22
1 = 0,
1 1 1 a3
r
then Prove that <0
p
1 a1 1 1
px + px + qx + r = 0
3 2
a1, a2, a3 - 1 1 a2 1 = 0,
1 1 1 a3
r
<0
p
' ' ' '

4. Prove that = ' ' ' ' =( '– ' )( '– ' )( '– ' )
' ' ' '
' ' ' '

= ' ' ' ' =( '– ' )( '– ' )( '– ' )
' ' ' '
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5. If ax 1² + by1² + cz12 = d ax 2x 3 + by2y3 + cz2z3 = f

ax 22 + by22 + cz22 = d and ax 3x 1 + by3y1 + cz3z1 = f
ax 32 + by32 + cz32 = d ax 1x 2 + by1y2 + cz1z2 = f
2
x1 y1 z1
d 2f
then prove that x 2 y2 z2 = (d f)2 , where a, b, c 0.
abc
x3 y3 z3
ax 1² + by1² + cz12 = d ax 2x 3 + by2y3 + cz2z3 = f

2
x1 y1 z1
d 2f
x2 y2 z2 = (d f)2 , a, b, c 0.
abc
x3 y3 z3
2 2
x1 x 2 y1 y 2 a2 x1 y1 1
2
2 2 2
6. If x 2 x 3 y 2 y3 b , prove that 4 x
2 y 2 1 =(a + b + c) (b + c a) (c + a b)(a + b c).
2 2
x 3 x1 y 3 y1 c2 x3 y3 1
2 2
x1 x 2 y1 y 2 a2 x1 y1 1
2
2 2 2
x2 x3 y 2 y3 b 4 x2 y2 1
2 2
x 3 x1 y 3 y1 c2 x3 y3 1
= (a + b + c) (b + c a) (c + a b) (a + b c).
u v 0
u d2 y
7. If y = , where u & v are functions of ' x ', show that, v 3 = u v v .
v d x2 u v 2v
u v 0
u d2 y
y= , u v x' v 3 = u v v .
v d x2 u v 2v
8. If , be the real roots of ax2+ bx+c = 0 and sn= n+ n, then prove that asn + bsn–1 + csn–2 = 0 for all
3 1 s1 1 s2
n 2, n N. Hence or otherwise prove that 1 s1 1 s2 1 s3 > 0 for all real a, b, c.
1 s 2 1 s3 1 s 4
, ax2+ bx+c = 0 sn= n+ n
asn + bsn–1 + csn–2 = 0, n 2, n N a, b, c
3 1 s1 1 s 2
1 s1 1 s 2 1 s 3 > 0 ,
1 s 2 1 s3 1 s 4
1 1 1
a a (a d) (a d) (a 2 d)
1 1 1
9. Let a > 0, d > 0. Find the value of determinant (a d) (a d ) (a 2 d ) (a 2 d ) (a 3 d ) .
1 1 1
(a 2 d) (a 2 d ) (a 3 d ) (a 3 d) (a 4 d)
a > 0, d > 0
1 1 1
a a (a d) (a d) (a 2 d)
1 1 1
(a d) (a d ) (a 2 d ) (a 2 d ) (a 3 d )
1 1 1
(a 2 d) (a 2 d ) (a 3 d ) (a 3 d) (a 4 d)
4 d4
Ans.
a (a d )2 (a 2 d) 3 (a 3 d) 2 (a 4 d)
10. Let a r xr ˆi yr ˆj ˆ , r = 1, 2, 3 be three mutually perpendicular unit vectors, then find the value of
zr k,
x1 x 2 x3
y1 y 2 y3
.
z1 z2 z3
x1 x 2 x3
y1 y 2 y3
ar xr ˆi yr ˆj ˆ , r = 1, 2, 3
zr k,
z1 z2 z3
Ans. 1
xk xk 2
xk 3
k 1 1 1
11. If y yk 2
yk 3
= (x y) (y z) (z x) , then find the value of k.
x y z
zk zk 2
zk 3
xk xk 2
xk 3
1 1 1
yk yk 2
yk 3
= (x y) (y z) (z x) k
x y z
zk zk 2
zk 3
Ans. k= 1
a p x u f
12. If the determinant b q m y v g splits into exactly K determinants of order 3, each element of
c r n z w h
which contains only one term, then find the value of K =
a p x u f
b q m y v g 3 K
c r n z w h
K
Ans. 8
a a3 a4 1
13. If a, b, c are all different and b b3 b 4 1 = 0, then find the value of abc (ab + bc + ca) – (a + b + c).
c c3 c4 1
a a3 a4 1
a, b, c b b3 b 4 1 = 0, abc (ab + bc + ca) – (a + b + c)
3
c c c4 1
Ans. 0
0 b c
14. If a, b, c are complex numbers and z = b 0 a then show that z is purely imaginary..
c a 0
0 b c
a, b, c z= b 0 a z
c a 0
f ( x )g( x ) [ f ( x )] g( x) 1
2 2 2 g( x 2 )
15. If f(x) = log10x and g(x) = ei x and h(x) = f ( x )g( x ) [ f ( x )] 0 , then find the value of h(10).
3
f ( x 3 )g( x 3 ) [ f ( x 3 )]g( x ) 1
f ( x )g( x ) [ f ( x )] g( x) 1
2 2 2 g( x 2 )
f(x) = log10x g(x) = e i x
h(x) = f ( x )g( x ) [ f ( x )] 0 , h(10)
3
f ( x 3 )g( x 3 ) [ f ( x 3 )]g( x ) 1
Ans. 0
a 1 2i 3 5i
16. If a, b, c, are real numbers, and D = 1 2i b 7 3i then show that D is purely real.
3 5i 7 3i c
a 1 2i 3 5i
a, b, c, D= 1 2i b 7 3i D
3 5i 7 3i c
1 a 1 n
17. If A then find lim A .
0 1 n n
0 a
Ans.
0 0
cos sin
18. Let P = 9 9 and be non-zero real numbers such that p6 + p3 +
– sin cos
9 9 2 2 2 ( – )( – )( – )
is the zero matrix. Then find value of ( ) .
cos sin
P= 9 9
– sin cos
9 9
2 2 2 ( – )( – )( – )
p6 + p3 + ( )
Ans. 1
19. Consider an odd order square symmetric matrix A = [ai j]nxn. It's element in any row are 1, 2, ......, n in some
order, then prove that a11, a22, ..........., ann are numbers 1, 2, 3, ......, n in some order.
A = [ai j]nxn 1, 2, ......, n
a11, a22, -, ann 1, 2, 3, ......, n
1 1 1 2 –1 –1
1 1 1 –1 2 –1
20. Let A = ; B= and C = 3A + 7B
1 1 1 –1 –1 2
Prove that
(i) (A + B)2013 = A2013 + B2013
(ii) Prove that An = 3n – 1 A ; Bn = 3n – 1 B ; Cn = 32n – 1 A + 7.21n – 1 B.
1 1 1 2 –1 –1
1 1 1 –1 2 –1
Hindi. A= ; B=
1 1 1 –1 –1 2
C = 3A + 7B
(i) (A + B)2013 = A2013 + B2013

(ii) An = 3n – 1 A ; Bn = 3n – 1 B ; Cn = 32n – 1 A + 7.21n – 1 B.
21. Let 'A' is (4×4) matrix such that sum of elements in each row is 1. Find out sum of all the elements in A10.
'A'. (4×4) 1 A10
Ans. 4
x x x
x x x
22. Let A = , then prove that A –1 exists if 3x + 0, 0
x x x
x x x
x x x
A= , A–1 3x + 0, 0
x x x
23. Prove that if A and B are n × n matrices, then det ( n – AB) = det ( n – BA).
A B, n × n det ( n – AB) = det ( n – BA).
24. Let A be an n × n matrix such that An = A where is a real number different from 1 and – 1. Prove that
the matrix A + n is invertible.
A n×n An = A , –1 1
A+ n
25. Let p and q be real numbers such that x 2 + px + q 0 for every real number x. Prove that if n is an odd
positive integer, then X2 + pX + q n 0n for all real matrices X of order n × n.
p q x x 2 + px + q 0
n n×n X2 + pX + q n 0n
26. Let A, B, C be three 3 × 3 matrices with real entries. If BA + BC + AC = and det(A + B) = 0 then find the
value of det(A + B + C – BAC).
A, B, C 3×3 BA + BC + AC = det(A + B) = 0
det(A + B + C – BAC)
Ans. 0
1 1
z1 z2 z1 z2 1
2 0
27. If |z1| = |z2| = 1, then prove that = 0 1
z2 z1 z2 z1 2
1 1
z1 z2 z1 z2 1
2 0
|z1| = |z2| = 1, = 0 1
z2 z1 z2 z1 2
0 1 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
1 2 3 4 3 c
28. If A = , A–1 = , then find values of a & c.
3 a 1 5/2 3 / 2 1/ 2
0 1 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
1 2 3 4 3 c
A= , A–1 = a c
3 a 1 5/2 3 / 2 1/ 2
Ans. a = 1, c = – 1
29. If A and B are two square matrices such that B = –A –1 BA, then show that (A +B) 2 = A2 + B2
A B B = –A–1 BA, (A +B)2 = A2 + B2
a 1 0 a 1 1 f a2 x
30. If A 1 b d , B 0 d c U g,V 0 ,X= y
1 b c f g h h 0 z
and AX = U has infinitely many solution. Prove that BX = V has no unique solution, also prove that if afd 0,
then BX = V has no solution.
a 1 0 a 1 1 f a2 x
A 1 b d , B 0 d c U g,V 0 ,X= y AX = U
1 b c f g h h 0 z
BX = V afd 0 BX = V
31. If the system of equations x = cy + bz, y = az + cx and z = bx + ay has a non-zero solution and at least one
of a, b, c is a proper fraction, prove that a3 + b3 + c3 < 3 and abc > – 1.
x = cy + bz, y = az + cx z = bx + ay a, b, c
a3 + b3 + c3 < 3 abc > – 1.
32. Let a, b, c positive numbers. Prove that following system of equations in x, y and z
x2 y2 z2 x2 y2 z2 x2 y2 z2
2 + 2 – 2 = 1 ; – + = 1 ; – + + = 1 has finitely many solutions
a b c a2 b2 c2 a2 b2 c2
a, b, c x, y z
x2 y2 z2 x2 y2 z2 x2 y2 z2
+ – =1; – + =1;– + + =1
a2 b2 c2 a2 b2 c2 a2 b2 c2
33. If D = diag {d1, d2,........., dn}, then prove that f(D) = diag {f(d1), f(d2),........, f(dn)}, where f(x) is a polynomial with
scalar coefficient.
D = diag {d1, d2,........., dn}, f(D) = diag {f(d1), f(d2),........, f(dn)}, f(x)
–1 3 5
34. Given the matrix A = 1 3 5 and X be the solution set of the equation Ax = A, where x N – {1}.
1 3 5
x3 1
Evaluate ; where the continued product extends x X.
x3 – 1
–1 3 5
1 3 5 x3 1
A= Ax = A x N – {1} X ;
1 3 5 x3 – 1
x X
3
Ans.
2
Comprehension (Q. NO. 35 to 37)
Any non-zero vector, X, is said to be characteristic vector of a matrix A, if there exist a number such that AX
= X. And then is said to be a charactristic root of the matrix A corresponding to the characteristic vector X
and vice versa.
Also AX = X (A – )X = 0
Since X 0 |A – | = 0
Thus every characteristic root of a matrix A is a root of its characteristic equation.
35. Prove that the two matrices A and P–1 AP have the same characteristic roots and hence show that square
matrices AB & BA have same characteristic roots if at least one of them is invertible.
|A|
36. If q is a characteristic root of a non singular matrix, then prove that is a characteristic root of a adj A.
q
37. Show that if 1, 2, ........, n are n characteristic roots of a square matrix A of order n, then the roots of the
matrix A2 be 12, 22,......... n2.
( 35 37)
X, A,
AX = X A X
AX = X (A – )X = 0
X 0 |A – | =0
A ,
35. A P–1 AP AB BA
|A|
36. q, , adj A
q
37. 1
, 2
, ........, n
,n A n
1
2
, 2
,.........
2
n
2
38. If there are three square matrices A, B, C of same order satisying the equation A 3 = A–1 and let
(n 4 )
A3
n
B A 3 and C then prove that det(B + C) = 0, n N
(n 4 )
A3
n
A, B, C A3 = A–1 B A3 C
det(B + C) = 0, n N
39. If A is a non-singular matrix satisfying AB – BA = A, then prove that det.(B + I) = det.(B – I)

A AB – BA = A
det.(B + ) = det.(B – )

Subjective Questions: Matrices & Determinant

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Subjective Questions: Matrices & Determinant

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Matrices & Determinant

a2 ( b2 c 2 )cos ab (1 cos ) ac (1 cos )

a2 ( b2 c 2 )cos ab (1 cos ) ac (1 cos )

2. If a, b, c, x, y, z R, then prove that,

' ' ' '

' ' ' '

5. If ax 1² + by1² + cz12 = d ax 2x 3 + by2y3 + cz2z3 = f

ax 1² + by1² + cz12 = d ax 2x 3 + by2y3 + cz2z3 = f

, ax2+ bx+c = 0 sn= n+ n

asn + bsn–1 + csn–2 = 0, n 2, n N a, b, c

(i) (A + B)2013 = A2013 + B2013

39. If A is a non-singular matrix satisfying AB – BA = A, then prove that det.(B + I) = det.(B – I)

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