21 B days to the AP Test...

this includes the SAT day...

Let's get rolling

-

Agenda:
1. Test
2. A short refresh on
acids and bases

HL: Chem 1 video &

questions.
Remember from unit 4....

Acid = proton donor

-
Base = Proton acceptor
-

In acid base reactions, these come in pairs - these are called

conjugate acid/base pairs.
conj .

acid base acid Coni -

base

Water is critical in acid/base chemistry because it can

function as a proton donor or proton acceptor.
When strong acids and bases react together they make a salt (ionic
species) and water.
-

3
These reactions can be reduced to a net-ionic equation that shows
the formation of water.

You are already supposed to have the following strong acids

log ( )
memorized. Ht
pH
-

2M HCl → 2 M H ti on
- -

ZMHF →
? ? less Ht → pH
-
-
higher
than
These are strong because they
completely dissociate into ions in
water. I
strong group
base
# group 2
metals
Acronym: SO I Brought NO Clean Clothes
+
OI
The concentration of an unknown acid/base can be solved for using
a titration where they are reacted together.
xx

Equivalence point: where the

stoichiometry says the acid and
bases are equal.

End point: where the indicator

changes color.

In a strong acid and strong base neutralization - the pH is 7 at

the equivalence point (the point where mole acid= mole base).

For a strong acid and a strong base you can solve for the
M t My
concentration of the unknown in the following way... ¢
t

There's another way- but it only works for strong acids/bases in a

1:1 ratio... not weak acids/bases or things without a 1:1 ratio... so
don't do it!
Calculating PH for strong acids and bases:
on

indentation central
'
-'

→
ago
mortgage

)
pot-1
[ OH ] =
-

K€
-

10

Ph
[ ]=
-

Ht to

Notes:
1. In the video you will watch, I use an additional set of
equations to "undo" the logs in the middle equations. The AP
people expect that you know how to do this and DO NOT
give you the equations.

2. As I will say in the video the M of a strong acid or base is

- -

the same as the M of [H+] or [OH-] BUT this will NOT be the
case for weak acids/weak bases- so careful.