18 B days to the AP Test...

this includes the SAT day...

What is the pH of a 1.0 x 10-2 molar 
solution of HCN?
–10
Ka I -
-

(For HCN, Ka = 4.0 x 10 )

-
( 1.0×10-2)

-
a. 10 -
b. 7-10 c.
- 7
(4.0×1010)/1.0×10 2) of
-
e-

O
d. 4-7 e. 4 = a
'

Agenda:
2.0×10 I
-

= a

** Key to mixing acids &

-

took bases available as both a

What is the H+ (aq) concentration in 0.05
who PDF and a very poorly
M HCN(aq) ? to
4.0×10
-
=
- Z
made video.
5. 0×10
a. 2.5 x 10-11 M 1. Questions of the day
b. 2.5 x 10-10 M
c. 5.0 x 10-10 M
Foxton 2. Notes: Titration &
4.47×10 -6mi
a

O
d. 5.0 x 10-6 M buffers
-
HL: Practice on schoology
Titration: Strong Acid & Strong Base (review)

= ""
"

Note: In the pH vs vol added graph you can tell whether you
have an acid analyte or a base by whether the pH starts acidic
or basic.

Note 2: It is CRITICAL that you can pick an indicator based on

the titration's equivalence point. The goal is for the color change
to happen as closely to the eq point as possible.
-
 H2O
Weak Acid + Strong Base: rxn : NaOH t C HzCOOH →
tN at

CH>COO
eg pt CHz COO H
0
-
: t H2O - s t

=
=

pH > 7

-
a

plea pH
-
.

-
-
3.5

Notice: pH at equivalence point is higher than 7 - this is due to the

presence of conjugate base in the solution as a product.

pkb =pOH

Important:[pKa = pH]1/2 of the way

to the equivalence point, this
will allow you to solve for Ka.
pH phat
log
-
-

I
hpt
'

[A J = CHA]
-

(1) so
log
 HzOt Q
-

overall: H Q t NaOH -2
Strong Acid + Weak Base:
µ
#"

excess

pH 27
buffer

Notice: pH at equivalence point is lower than 7 - this is due to the

presence of conjugate acid in the solution as a product.

(plea -
. pH )

Important: pKb = pOH 1/2 of the

way to the equivalence point, this
will allow you to solve for Kb.
Titrating a Polyprotic Acid:
=
1-12504/1-131304
In a polyprotic acid, you will have multiple steep areas.
We can get a few important pieces of info from these
graphs (reading them is all you need to do).

Hzpoy
To
HZPOI
'y①
-2
HPa,

3
130
2
17043
-

1. The number of slopes tells you if it is diprotic or triprotic.

2. Every H in a polyprotic acid comes off one at a time and

therefor has a different Ka value. The midpoint to the
equivalence point on each curve can allow you to solve for
these values.
MC practice: To maximize the yield in a certain manufacturing
process, a solution of a weak-monoprotic acid that
has a concentration between - 0.20 M and 0.30 M is
required. Four 100. mL samples of the acid at different
concentrations are each titrated with a 0.20 M NaOH
x solution. The volume of NaOH needed to reach the
end point for each sample is given in the table above.
xo Which solution is the most suitable to maximize the
yield?

A B O
C D → H2O
1 : l
M own
=f¥oo,
-
-

0.023mm
0.02mA?;D
:
0.23M
Base
a ,%ooy =

Given the graph below....

→
←
buffer

1. The analyte is a ....

a. weak acid b. strong acid c. weak base
x x
d. strong base
pH - 7
MC practice:

Given the graph below....

PH pha / le to eqpt
'
-
-

An unknown acid is dissolved in 25 mL of water and titrated with a

solution of 0.100 M NaOH. The results are shown in the titration curve
above. Which of the following could be the unknown acid?

a. Fluoroacetic acid, pKa = 2.6

O
b. Glycolic acid, pKa = 3.8
c. Propanoic acid, pKa = 4.9
d. Hypochlorous acid, pKa = 7.5
 acid / base pair that resists
Building Buffers i solution w.
conj
changes in pH .

Buffers can be designed using both the acid AND a salt of conjugate
base (or vice versa) and the Henderson-Hasselbach equation.

~> salt too'E'E- )

acid
✓ IHF )
Hft H2O F Hz Ot
-

→ t
=
=
Two sample buffer questions:
11
? 1. The Kb of ammonia is 1.77*10-5. The pH of a buffer is prepared by no
pit combining 50.00 mL of 1.00 M ammonia and 50.0 mL of 1.00 M

'
-

tho
ammonium nitrate is....
-

-
-

Nt ""
'
pott-phbtiogkftni.tn) Fo't's OFF'm:c
i. )
,oooo

iogu.n.no 5) im! Fuhrer

-

, t
poi = -

= 4.75 ° -

fpHzs
solid
( g→ moi
→
mot )
H 2. A student wants a buffer solution at a pH of 8.580. Currently, the
student has 1.5 L of 0.400 M ammonia. How many grams of
/
-

ammonium chloride would need to be added to create the buffer?

[I -

The Kb of NH3 is 1.77*10-5. ? [ what] 1.87M M -

F
-

log ¥0 )
-

ENN #NTD
.

s 42=4.75 t
1.87=751--2.81 moth.it
.

'
E' ! 'qn:÷
'¥i¥ 't"D
as ""
↳ 4.677
[ WHY 'T 0.0855M
-
-
don't forget
gNHyCl=
? f

oossT;:T/tI¥gnth
"

1mnY
✓ nothing tmnofyc ,
ion

=
6.797g
( Nth
)q0 -16.8097
-