CHY 47

Assignment #3

Group No. 2

1. Given the values of the following substances, fill in the Table below: (15 pts.)
Sample         pH                     [H+]                     [OH-]                   pOH

a. blood plasma          7.40 3.98 x 10-8 2.51 x 10-7 6.6

b. cow’s milk 6.6 2.51 x 10-7 3.98 x 10-8 7.40

c. gastric juice 1.50 3.16 x 10-2 3.16 x 10-13 12.5

d. tomato juice 4.30 5.01 x 10-5 1.99 x 10-10 9.70

e. cola drink 2.8 1.58 x 10-3 6.31 x 10-12 11.20

2. A solution was prepared by dissolving 0.02 moles of acetic acid (HOAc; pKa = 4.8) in water to give 1
liter of solution. What is the pH of this solution? (5 pts.)

HOAc(aq) + H2O(l) H3O+(aq) + OAc-(aq)

Step 1. Define equilibrium concs. In ICE table

HOAc H3O+
OAc-
Initial 0.02 M 0 0
Change -x x x
Equilibrium 0.02M - x x x
Step 3. Solve Ka expression

Step 2. Write Ka expression pKa= - log [ka]

Ka= 10-pKa
[H3O+] [OAc-] Ka= 10-4.8
Ka =
[HOAc] x2
Ka= 1.58 x 10-5 M =
0.02M - x
(x)(x)
Ka = 0.002
0.02M - x Since = 1,265 > 100, so (-x) can be ignored in the denominator
1.58 x 10-5
x2
Ka =
0.02M - x Then,
x2
Ka = 1.58 x 10-5 M =
0.02M
Ka = (1.58 x 10-5 M) (0.02M) = x2
Ka = √3.16 x 10-7M = √x2
Ka = 5.62 x 10-4 M = x = [H+]
 Step 4. Find pH
pH = - log [H+]
pH = - log [5.62 x 10-4]
pH = -3.25

3. To this solution obtained in #2, it was then added with 0.008 moles of concentrated sodium hydroxide
(NaOH).

a. What is the amount (in number of moles) acetic acid that has reacted to the added NaOH? (3pts.)

No. of moles HOAc = 0.008

The number of moles HOAc reacted with NaOH is 0.008 since there should be a 1:1 ratio
of the reactants in the reaction and which eventually gives a remaining 0.012 mol HOAC and 0
mol NaOH after the reaction.

b. Write is the chemical reaction that has taken place upon the addition of NaOH? (3 pts.)

Chemical reaction:
HOAc(aq) + NAOH(aq) NAOAc + H2O(l)
HOAc(aq) + NA+(aq) + OH-(aq) NA+(aq) + OAc-(aq) + H2O(l)
HOAc(aq) + OH-(aq) OAc+(aq) + H2O(l)

c. Calculate the equilibrium concentrations of acetic acid (HOAc), H3O+, OAc- (acetate) as defined
in Table 2 below after the addition of NaOH:

Table 2. Equilibrium concentrations of the species after the addition of NaOH. (1 point each)

HOAc OAc- H3O+

Initial 0.02 0.008 0
Change -x x x
Equil 0.012 - x 0.008 + x x

d. What is the new pH of the solution? (In this problem, you may ignore changes in volume due to
the addition of NaOH). 5 pts.

[OAc-]
pH = pKa + log
[HOAc]
[0.008]
pH = pKa + log
[0.012]
pH = 4.8 + log [0.67]
pH = 4.8 + log [-0.17]
pH = 4.63
4. A buffer was prepared by mixing 1.00 mole of ammonia (NH3) and 1.00 mole of ammonium chloride
(NH4Cl) to form an aqueous solution with a total volume of 1.00 liter.
Kb (NH3) = 1.75 x 10-5

a. What is the pH of the solution? Show your calculations. 5 pts.

GIVEN: 1 mol NH3
1 mol NH4
V = 1L
Kb (NH3) = 1.75 x 10-5
Step 2. Find pKa Step 3. Find pH
Step 1. Find pKb pKa + pKb = 14 conjugate
pKb = - log [kb] pH = pKa + log
pKa = 14 + pkb weak
pKb = - log [1.75 x 10-5] pKa = 14 + 4.76 1 mol NH3
pKb = 4.76 pH = 9.2 + log
pKa = 9.24 1 mol NH4
pH = 9.24 + 0
pH = 9.24

b. To 500 mL of the buffer solution in # 4 was added 30.0 mL of 1.00 M NaOH. What is the pH of this
solution? Show your calculations. (5 pts.)

GIVEN: 500 mL (0.5L)

30.0 mL (0.03 L) of 1 M NaOH
Step 1.
mol NAOH = (1.00)(0.03L) = 0.03 Step 3. Step 4.
4.76 + 0.887 M
pOH =
Step 2. log 1M pH + pOH = 14
mol pOH = 4.76 + log (0.887)
+¿=
1 (L )
( 0.5 L ) −0.03
=1 M ¿ pOH = 4.76 + (- 0.05) pH = 14 – pOH
0.530 L
NH 4 pOH = 4.71 pH = 14 – 4.71
mol
N H 3=
1
L ( )
( 0.5 L )+ 0.03
=0.887 M
pH = 9.30
0.530 L

c. To 500 mL of the buffer solution in # 4 was added 30.0 mL of 1.00 M HCl. What is the pH of this
solution? Show your calculations. (5 pts.)
GIVEN: 500 mL (0.5L)
30.0 mL (0.03 L) of 1 M NaOH
Step 1.
Mol HCl = (1.00)(0.03L) = 0.03 Step 3. Step 4.
4.76 + 1M
pOH =
Step 2. log 0.887 M pH + pOH = 14
pOH = 4.76 + log (1.13)
+¿=
(1 molL )(0.5 L )−0.03 =1 M ¿ pOH = 4.76 + 0.05 pH = 14 – pOH
0.530 L
NH 4 pOH = 4.81 pH = 14 – 4.81
mol
N H 3=
1
L ( )
( 0.5 L )+ 0.03
=0.887 M
pH = 9.19
0.530 L
5. Write the chemical equation involved for each of the chemical reaction as follows: (5 pts.)

a. Chemical reaction involved in #4b (addition of NaOH):

NH4CL(aq) + NAOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + NH3(aq) + H2O(l)

NH4+(aq) + Cl-(aq)+ Na+(aq) + OH-(aq) Na+(aq) + Cl-(aq) + NH3(aq) + H2O(l)
NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq) NH3(aq) + H2O(l)
acid + base conjugate acid + conjugate base

b. Chemical reaction involved in #4c (addition of HCl):

NH3(aq) + HCl-(aq) NH4(aq) + Cl(aq)

base + acid conjugate acid + conjugate base