LESSON 1

INTRODUCTION TO GLOBALIZATION
Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:

 differentiate the competing conceptions of globalization;

 identify the underlying philosophies of the varying
definitions of globalization;
 trace the origin of globalization; and
 identify the waves of globalization.
Time Frame: Week 2

Introduction
Welcome to Lesson 1! This lesson is designed to facilitate your understanding on the
basics of globalization. This lesson also tackles the history and origin of globalization. Enjoy
this lesson and keep learning!

(ANSWER THIS!)

What comes on your mind when you hear the word “GLOBALIZATION”?
Analysis

Consider the questions below: (ANSWER THIS!)

1. How do you analyze the picture above?

2. In your own words, define globalization.

3. What do you think is the impact of globalization to the world?

Abstraction

Definition of Globalization
a a historical process, the result of human innovation
and technological progress
a refers to the increasing integration of economies
around the world, particularly through the
movement of goods, services, and capital across
borders (World Health Organization, 2020)
a sometimes also refers to the movement of people
(labor) and knowledge (technology) across
international borders
a there are also broader cultural, political, and
environmental dimensions of globalization.
Origins of Globalization
1. Paleolithic Era. Early humans
first left East Africa about
100,000 years ago
a Routes:
Africa (birthplace of
humankind), Europe, Asia,
Australia, North America,
and South America

Early Hominids
Four major groups of hominids appeared in
Africa between 5 million and about 200,000
years ago. Each group was more advanced than
the one before it and could use better tools.
a. Australopithecus afarensis (Auntie Lucy).
a name means “southern ape”

a appeared in Africa about 4 – 5 million

years ago
a stood upright and walked on two legs
a brain was about one-third the size of
modern humans.

Early Hominids
b. Homo habilis
a name names “handy man”

a appeared in Africa about 24 million

years ago
a used early stone tools for chopping
and scraping
a brain was about half the size of
modern humans.
 Early Hominids
c. Homo erectus
a name names “upright man”

a appeared in Africa about 2 – 15

million years ago
a used early stone tools like the hand
ax
a learned to control fire
a migrated out of Africa to Asia and
Europe.

Early Hominids
d. Homo sapiens
a name names “wise man”

a appeared in Africa about 200,000

years ago
a migrated around the world
a same species as modern human
beings
a learned to create fire and use a
wide variety of tools
a developed language.
 Origins of Globalization
2. First River Valley Civilizations
a. Sumerian – Tigris and Euphrates
Mesopotamia (now Iraq) – cradle
of civilization
b. Egyptian – Nile River
Nile River (longest, largest,
international river)
c. Harappan and Mohenjo Daro –
Indus River
d. Ancient China – Huang Ho
(Yellow) River

Origins of Globalization
3. Silk Road
a oldest known international
trade route in the ancient world
that spanned from China to what
is now the Middle East and to
Europe
a it was called such because one
of the most profitable products
traded was silk, highly priced
especially in the area that is now For more details on the Silk Road, you may watch on
YouTube (The Silk Road: Connecting the ancient
the Middle East as well as in the world through trade – Shannon Harris Castelo)
West (today’s Europe). through this link https://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=vn3e37VWc0k

Origins of Globalization
4. The Age of Exploration and
Discovery
a officially began in the 15th
century and lasted in the 17th
century

a period characterized as a time

For more details on the Age of Exploration and when Europeans began
Discovery, you may watch on YouTube exploring the world by sea in
(Ferdinand Magellan – First Circumnavigation of search of new trading routes,
the Earth) through this link
wealth, and knowledge.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ylwiOLab5AA
Waves of Globalization
1. First Wave
a started in the 19th century and
ended in 1914

a Rise of the British Empire

a The empire on which the sun
never sets

Key Features:
a introduction of factories

a introduction of cottons
a use of machines
a introduction of steam engine

Waves of Globalization
2. Second Wave
a began in 1945 and ended in
1991

Key Features:
a car manufacturing
a plane manufacturing
a trans-Atlantic telephone
cable
a first live television signal
a first cellular phone
technology
Waves of Globalization
3. Third Wave
a began in 1992 and ended in
2010

Key Features:
a Fall of the Berlin Wall
a Dissolution of the USSR
a Economic Globalization

Waves of Globalization
4. Globalization 4.0
a 2011 to present

a True World Wide Web-based

Economy
Application

ANSWER THIS!

Question: Have you experienced globalization? Why? Why not? Discuss your personal
experiences about globalization. Maximum of five (5) sentences.

Rubrics in Grading Essay (20 points)

0 5 10 15 20
Student is unable Student is able to Student is able to Student not only Student establish
to establish the establish the ideas establish the ideas establish the the correct ideas
ideas and concepts and concepts and concepts correct ideas and and concepts
prescribed by the prescribed by the prescribed by the concepts prescribed by the
topic. topic but shows topic and shows prescribed by the topic, shows
erroneous correct topic but also evidence by citing
understanding. understanding. shows evidence by relevant examples,
citing relevant and consistently
examples. contributes
additional thoughts
to the Core idea.

Congratulations! You have successfully completed Lesson 1. Should there be questions

and clarifications in some part of the lesson, kindly message your instructor.

If you do not have any questions or clarifications, you are now prepared to move on to
Lesson 2 – Global Economy and Market Integration. Enjoy and keep working! God Bless.

References:
Aldama, P. K. R. (2018). The contemporary world. (OBE 1st ed.). Manila City : Rex Book
Store, Inc.
Gulle Jr., L. T. (2020). “Introduction to globalization. Digos City : Davao del Sur State
College