12nd ‘Tpaucnopr ayuaa m uaperix matepujana wena
Hanomerso na ce Ta bopyna cme KopucTuTH camo Kaz je eTpyjame Taca xpos
mpocrop namely vecruna vamunapHo, jep Kosenmiera jenzavmna (8,3) axa camo
3a waMmmapan pexum crpyjama. To mpaxrasuo siaur, fa w3payyHata OpsmEa wt
Mopa gaTH Re*<10. Hnave, bopmyza (8.19) moxe za ce Nanuiue Hy Gesmustexsn}-
com oOmmKy. J[OBoWHO je HOMHOKHTH HeHy meny H WeCHY crpany ca d/y,na he
ce no8mr
Ret = 1,08 - 10-3 Ars, (8.20)
re Je, s60r dnyspaunje racom,
Pag yonoctapmama hopmysie 2a onpehusane mpe KpuTHate OpsuHe 3a
caytaj mpeaasHor m Typ6ysenTHOr crpyjama Taca Kpos mpccTop usMeby yecrana
MaTepajana, TpeOao On nol om HeKOr Hsps3a 3a Tay UpuTUCKA Kojm BaxH 3a
ose pexme crpyjaua. Melytum, 10 mpaxrirao Hnje Morylxio jep He nocroji
OmurTa ananuTHEKa sapncHocT woMehy Koedmujenra Tpena u Re Opojas Koja Ow
BaxIUIa 9a che PeamHe MaT2pujane. 3aTo Jieza [73] mpennaxe opmyny (8.19) H
3a oppebusaise mpne KpUTHUHe Opsune u Sa CHY%aj upetasiior u TypOyneuTHOT eTpy-
jaa raca xpos mpoctop mamely secTma, atu Ha Creel nauur, Hajape tpeba
/ sspasynata Spsumy Wi nomohy dopmyze (8.19) u, saTuM, ualin Re* =v} d/y,. AKO
ce m0Onje a je Re*10, ona ct wanasu xopexmmomn daxTop
: p= ,775 (Ret?
KojuM ce muoxH wspayynaTa speyHOcT jecHe crpaze Gopmyne (8.19). Oxo mo
ce Kao pesysttaT Tor MHoxema qoOuje upeyvraia Gpsuny wj sa cmyyaj qpeaasnot
(l0< Re* <500) uum iyp6yaciianot crpyjarsa (Re*>500) raca xpo3 upocTopmsmehy
secTama.
Tonee (Tops) [74] je upemioxno ya ce panu onpeDumama uppe KpuTETHe
Opsuue baynzusanuje nohe om jemHakOcTH maya UpHTHCKa OcTBapeHor y TPeHYTKY
nocTu3aa ove Opsuie H Talla Uputucka AoOujenor Kopumbemem Epryu-Opmai-
rone (Ergun-Orning) jenuavmue (8.5) Koja paxu 5a cBe pexuMe cTpyjama raca
Kp0s mpoczop soMehy sectuna. Hanne, u3 jequaxoctn =
2 op wi®
=90,(1 8.21)
aie ) (8.21)
morylio je ommax sspauyxaTy Opamuy wi, upu vemy 6u camo jequo pememe du-
awikit omrosapasio, Mebyrim, Toslec mpetxomuy jenuaxmny cpojm 1a Seanusensij-
cw o6iuk saroxelit HeHe Oe crpaue ca d}/i# o,, Tana ce no6xj
1 4,73
£0 Rete “Pee +) = Ar, (8.22)
4
onaxne ce, Taxohe, Moxke ualur pemerse 9a "Ret, a sarme Gpouma wf kao:
VU/ =9,Ret/d. Amt caya cneau jenna anannsa xoja oxasyje qa ce 3a TypOyneHTat
pen crpyjata Moxe HamcaTH sapycnocr
150
y @aymucanja cammasux Marepnjata
A
:
Koja ce eae cKopuicrura caMo 2a Tpaxciopmamajy apyror ‘watia Ha nepoj crpamt
jennavauie (8.22), jep je taj wax ocnenuna TypOynenTHor crpyjama Taca KpO3
Hpoctop yaMehy vecTuma. Hake, woxemo cTaBHTH sta je
a
Re* +f
RerpooRet 73 Ar,
nocne wera ce 13 jenHaume (8.22) q06uja nebunnrnaHo:
oo (8.23)
+
v
Hispasynatojppensocrs Re* opropapa psa xpurmwa Opama guymucannj
¥Re*/d. Kon cioGoymo nacyTHx KyPmMA y HOvoMHO BeMEKOM cyny je
),38—0,42. Axo ce y3Me &9=0,40 Kao cpeyma BpemHocT, Taya ce H3 (8.23)
@ 06
ar Ly
Re* =—__~__, 8:24) OS)
[400 + 5,22 Var ee
O6ua0 ce Hopmyza (8.24) cKopo yee KOPUCTH H, PasyMe ce, Y Tome Tpenm jep
y TPeHYTKY OcTRapKBara npBe KpATHMe Opsune HeMajy cam MaTepHjamE eo=0,40.
Kay cy y mitamy mpamunactn matepujanm Tama je Ar 10 K= 22,1; fare 10!
3a Gpanny wi mory xa ce HATH 1 y OGaHKY Ges suMensHja. Ha mpMMep, 3a JaMaT-
WapHo crpyjasse ce Hajnpe u3 (8.26) H (8.27) anasu:
(wi = (0,019 0,) =0,0199 2% p,,
&
omuiocHo, noce maoxeRa ca (d/vy)3,
(Re*) = 0,019 Ar By = 6,86 - 10-6 Ar B,.
Kako je 13 (8.25) 3a anomapan pexim erpyjara
2
B= 6,49- 10+ (Z ar) = 1,781 -10-4 Ar,
To je xonayno D
(Re*)} = 1,22. 10°? 4r3,
Sa
Ret = 1,069+ 1079 Ar. (8.30)
Ha ucra naan 70Oujajy ce u ocrane que SancHOCTH:
Ret = 0,022 ar Be, (8.31)
3a dpesacno cxpyjatse, it
Re* =0,227 Ar, (8.32)
3a mypByrenitixo crpyjawe raca xpos mpectop wMeby yecrmma, Hapamerap By
y dopmyau (8.31) ompelyje ce ua jennasmne:
ate ees
log y= ~3s+y/21 1,5—log (F4r-136) ‘
YY waseqenoj mmteparypx [61] mory ce raha »pemuocra 6psmie wi (cm/s) sa xBapuaa
mecax pasmiute xpynuolie, xoje cy noOujete Mepersuma H UpMMeHOM IsBenenax
o6pasaya (raGena 8.2).
TaSeaa 8.2
em) i
Ayrop D |
Tea 29 68 | ous
Tonec 2,5 61 10,2
Bepauex-Coxoa 3,3 85 13,6
Mepema 2,7 6,0 I 10,7
Hajmame ouctyname y oHocy Ha u3Mepere BpezHoctu maje popmya Tomeca, a
Hajpehe-onctynamwe bopmyna Bepartex-Coxona. Mehyri, sanmmubuno je mpunie-
turrit a Tonecosa opmyna faje HemiTo HIDKe BpeUHOCTH OM HIMepeHHX, a BC
Upyre @opmyne ocerHo pune BpeNKOCTH OM WIMepeHTIX. ayngusamnija cumxapex Marepajana 195
8.4. BE3A H3MEBY MOPO3HOCTH CiOJA
VM MBTEH3MTETA OT YAAM3AUTIE
opmysa (8.23) noxaayje sapnonoct Re*=f(¢o, Ar) Ha ocHony Koje ce Moxe
uanncaTu sa je y ommmrem cuysajy Re(w)=f(e, Ar). Crapseno je Re (w) na 6u ce
ckpenyna maxima na je onaj Re Opoj me@unucan y onnocy ua 6psmny w daynua
cuegeny ma neo nompesux mpecek cyna sa daywpnamniy. Hero raxo ce hopmyna
(7.38) moxe wamncatu Kao Re (vs)=F (I, Ar), jep je ens1 xay je pew o jennoj je-
AMMO] TeCTMMU-KyrAMUN. BUCH CMO Ha zanteiapuom erpyjawy dbysna Kpos Upo-
crop mMeby vecrima aa speme duymmmsanyje m Zopemchajuom crpyjamy wasna-
HOM TaslOKeHeM jemie YeCTHNe-KYramue Onronapa Masta npemHOcT Apxumenoor
Gpoja u ma ce y TOM cnyyajy pyr W1aH y uMenHony opmyna (7.38) u (8.23) Mo-
Xe gaHeMapuTH y omMOcy Ha npsn wlan. Taga ce no6nja oynce:
(wt) wt dr
Re OD a (6.33)
Re) 2% 150(1-«,) “18
TIpema Tome, sa Guo Kojy Op3nuy w daynmmsaunje y aamunapnom nonpysjy 6uhe:
Re(w)
a HO. 8.34)
Rew,» 1 ©). (8.34)
Ta ce byaxunja ue moxke TeopajcKu ompe murs. 31a ce camo na Mopa Gar: Fy (1)=1
x F; (0,40)=0,01286. TIpsx yonon je wamernyt uncTo ¢usmaKH 2a nppa KpH-
nya Opaana dnyapmannje Texn Opsuna ne6yera xan ce Opoj wecTuna y cyRY
sa daymusannjy cmamyje. 3a jemsy vecrumy je ev] ua je wis. [pyrn youon
cateayje 13 omtoca (8.33) 3a €=0,40. Byprepcomm 1 BpurikMayonn ekcuepunentTH
noxasyjy ya ce dyaxunja Fy (2) moxe upuxasaru Kao
FQ
Bunn ce na ona sayonossana yenos Fy (1)=1. la Gu 60 saqonomen u pyr yor R
Mopa 6uta n=4,75, jep je
_log 0,01286
Tog 0,40
= 4,75.
Aaxae, negumnrmsno ce x06nja na je
F@=, (8.35)
Kan je y mnrarsy idyp6yaenitino crpyjame dxynaa xpo3 mpoctop wsmely wecrmna
aa Bpeme duymmnamnje x Hopenchajvo crpyjame wsasnauo TeOReHEM jexwe Ye~
etme, Taga je Apxmmeyon 6poj veoma Bemux, a ce y TOM cnyvajy npsM WAH y
sumeriouy GopMysa (7.38) x (8.23) Moxe saeMapurix Y OMMOCY Ha NpyTH “aH.
YY oncss cnysajy ce no6nja omnoc
fs oF (ey Se eee
Re(v,) | \v,/ 5,22 0,62
ium 2a Guo Kojy Opsmy w dayngnsannje y Typ6ysentHom nonpysiy:
Re(w)=Re() /F, ©. (8.36)
Be 196 ‘Tpaucuopr payaza mw wepeTax MaTepHjana vesuna
yuxuuja Fp (s) sanonomaza cuemehe yonose: F2(1)=1 4 F2 (0,40)=0,0136. Oxm-
raleyno je a ce x @ynxnnja F; (c) Moe mpuKacare Kao
F,@=8,
xoja, Taxofe sanonomasa youos Fp (1)=l. a 61 Guo sagosonelt x ApyrH youo,
mopa Ours n=4,70 jep je
208 0.0136 _ 4 79
Tog 0,40
Y npaxrurtaum mpopayymmma Moxe ce yser 1a je
F,@Q=Fle)=e478-
TIpema rome, us (8.34) cnesm a je 38 zasnmapno nompyaje
as ;
Re(w) = Re(w,) et = “< : DB
H 3a mayp6yseniauo mompysie
Ae oh
= AT A E_
Re(w)—Re(o) Ve aver? :
3a 06a oBa mompyyja, Kao 1 5a fpeaazan peau crpyjama, Gube:
a Ar ents fe |
(i) ene. 7
? 18+ 0,61 Var ‘ :
Osurneguo je 4a 08a bopMysa upenasu y fopmyny (7.38) sa e=1
Hajsaa, 1a nocmemise opmyne Moxe ce naa mpuOmoxwa speqnocT nopos
HocTH @ Y 3aBNCHOCTA Of HETeNSHTeTA hnynimsanje:
0.21
far : 38)
‘Ar
Crpelte ce naxisa autaony Ha je one Re=Re(w)=wdlr,, rae jew Opsuna daywqa
Y Onmocy Ha Teo mpecex cya 2a duymqusamajy. ApxuMenos Opoj je nedmmucar
spasm (7.28),
Pasyme ce, Moryhino je nahi x mpyre OGzuke SasuicHocTH moposHocTH & oO”
unrensareta $ayamcamnje. Ha mpamep, Pasapacon (Richardson) a Mejxx (Meikle)
(76] npenopysyjy opmyny:
w=ery,,
pH YeMy Cy eKCHOHEHT M ONpesWIM excepHMeHTaHO y 3avuCHOCTH On Pejnona-
conor Spoja Re (v)=vsd/r, u ona macn:
n= 4,65 +202, Re<0,2
=(435 +175 p)rew, 0,2500
ka Myp6yaeniano nonpyyje. Dayuqusanujy cy oOapsasH BOOM H ecTHMaMa pey-
mia d=0,2546,35 mm, y WonmpHMOM cyny mpewmxa D=38 mm x D=
62 mm.
Hapesuomo jont x o6pacue Jenuca (Lewis) x Bonepmana (Bowerman) [77] 3a
Aasunapno, ipeaasno i tayp6yaeniano noxpy sje penom, amu y o6muxy Ges muMensHje:
e= 1,39 Gey”, Re(v) 500
ir
Hanomerumo jout 1 To a cy nocaextse Tpit dopmyre, Kao H hopmysia (8.38), 0-
Gujexe xopumhewem TeopujcKax w3pa3a 3a Opanue w u Vs, WOK cy Payapycon-
-Mejunejene dopMyne AoOnjene WcTO ekclepHMeRTamM NyTeM.
8.5. ONPEBUBAISE JIPYTE KPVIMUHE BP3MHE ®IYMM3AUMIE
Tpnuuxom mpoyranara daymusannije kao nojane peveno je a ce y TpeuyrKy
noctusara pyre Kputwie Opsue W72, INH Wive wy2, OcTBapyje Hajseha pucuna
marepyjana y Cyay, a TuMe x uajseha weroza nopossocr. Y TOM Tpenyrky aj-
curnije vectuye nowy ya Hanyurrajy ocrany Macy Matepujana u 7a oyuiase y
cxo6omny armocdepy. Ako ce cupe™t onnomerbe Tax HajonTHHjAX YeoTIma 313 cy7ja
(iia mpHMep, CTabmarsem noxperHe ToposHe ,,mpeupeKe usHan maTepyjana) H,
swrHM, noBeha Opsnna duynna wstay Whe, Hohm he 10 xpeTassa Marepujasia Bep-
rukanHo Hapiille y uzy huynmus0vavior cryba, Tosnavawe Gpaune wis je, Nae,
Heto TOMMKO BAKTO Kao H MosHABATe Opsune why. Tpe6a sanasnrH Na ceaKr Ma-
repujan uMa TawHO OnpeljeHe BpeMHOCTH 3a Opsune Whi M Wh u ja ce jemua om
Wux YBeK MOPa ONpEIPITH SaBHCHO Oy Tora Na mH je Y neTany duywnAarja we~
hoxpersor Wm noxpernor Matepujana. Hamme, xperame Marepujana ua 631
(paynucansje uutje nuutra mpyro Hero werono mpoctpyjanare Y NOKpery.
Onpelupawe apyre KpuTitune Opsuue hayuquzanaje je cuoxemnje on ompe-
hmoaia mpse KpuTusie Spssute. Moxe ce cuobonvo pehy na ovaj upoGuem jour
unje moBOsHO Taw pemen. Cagamnse pemere je na ce 6psnua w3 Opojno wien-
ilayyje ca Gpsnnom eOyera (Tanoxera) jemue jesme yrmme y Kojy je yecTIMa
upetsopenia camo reomerpyick. To mpakrasmo spam 2a je
Ar
——=: 8.39)
18+0,61 Var 639)
Re (w3) = Re(v,) = 198 ‘Tpancnopt dmyuna u ssperix Marepujana nesmwa
ua ce zpyra xpusisua Gpama dryugusanje Hamas Kao: wi=v,Re (v,)/d xan
ce upeTxouo mpasyHa speauoct Re (v.) m3 (8.39). AKo ce nocnejua jemasama
moyenn H3pa30m (8.24) noGuhe ce
1400+ 5,22 Var es (8.40)
18+0,61 Var
a, 3ATHM, OGapy upoleHa Tor oHoca Sa sta pewAMA Crpyjesba, casHahe ce Ma je:
wi, 1400
es 8.41
7) (8.41)
i
522 VAr_ » 56 (8.42)
3a yp yseniano nompysie, jep je rama Ar >> > 1.
Yeommxo Gu ce, Ha upumep, yaene booseye (8.27) u (8.29) Bepauer-Coxona
WY BMA craswIO vy=w3 BoOWIO Ou ce na je:
We en Sg (8.43)
wi 0,019
38 VamunapHo DOApyyje, oKOCHO
wa
= =11,1 (8.44)
wi 0,090 :
3a iypByactiaio nompyyje. Pasmuke cy ounrnenHe u yupayo HoTephyjy oO miro je
Manoupe pevesio.
Y nurepatypu o hayxausamju Mory ce wali apyre bopmyne 3a uspayy-
Hapare pyre Kpurimme Opsuxe. Ha npumep, opmyna Pomanxcsa (PomanKos)
x ocramx [78] rac:
i ee (8.45)
Wi 1+ 0,00373 4ro@
Oua xaje cxopo ucroperHe spezuocTH xzo ¥ bef yza (8.40). Mehyrun, npapomo
Je onye nocrapaT u opaxno muTaxe. AKo @opmyza (8.37) onHocHo (8.38) y npu6-
THOXHOM OOHKY, Haje Besy usMeby Opsane dbmynmmsamaj> x onropapajyhie nopos-
HocTH y uureppany Spamne wiL (yr=1,22 3a arrapmme), 1a 9pa3 (9.11) nocraje
Hace ee eee (9.16)
Re Ye tet cecora cyt egies
TpeGa, qanre, nosHaBaTH Ys 3a cBaKu MaTepHjat. To Ce 26opaTopHjcKH MOXe AKO
onpenprrH Mepenem naja upurucka A py 9a speme duynnusalogje CreapRux yecTaa
Ho wopatynananem speqHocra A psx Koja ouTozapa expypanexTHuM KyTnuaMa.
Pasyme ce, Mopasm OucMo Mpa Tome yuorpeOuTH B3pas (9.15).
His hopmyse (9.16) puau ce aa 4 p,—+0 xa e—>l, urro je guswsxu HoUpaBHO,
ep 4p, upegcrasma nay mpuruoxa yonen Tpemwa ba3snyxa o vecTEMe MaTepHjana
(way el taza m nocnemma vecruna uectaje us cTpyjsor upogropa). TpeGa nano
MoHyTH fla ce mpiuucKoM npuMene dbopmyse (9.16) noposHocr e Mopa INTO Ta‘nAje
a3pauynaTs. Huje remiko nposepuTH fa rpemka of 775% UpHHKoM H3payyHaBawBa
MoposHoctH & JOBOAE AO rpeuiKe om 20% y uagy upuTucKa A p,, uO Ha rpeumKa
7, 10% y e crnapa rpemmy on 43% y uspasy 3a A ps. Hanomennmo u 70 7a cey
‘TeXINAKHO MpOpayyRuMa OUMIHO saemapyje spemsocr sa A py y ofHocy Ha A Pe
HA ce youma ga je yxynaH nay MpHTHCKa BaSqyXa
Ap=7,-P:=APe 9.17)
To we Mopa na Gye ybex oupasmano, HoroToBy mo Kema Temxola y wspayynapamy
maya mputucra A p,.
Mebyrum, uszenene jequacmme umcy yonozue wa ce mpopatyna jenan KoH-
Kperar cilysaj BeprukasHOr mHeyMaTcKOr TpaycHlopTa Ba ocHOBY guyumBaMuje.
Sampano, HMa pHIMe HenosHATHX Bema Hero jemmauumna. Jlonyucea jequama
USBOMM Ce Ha OcHOBY PABHOTeXe CHA MpH YoTaeHOM KpeTaBy dnywUsORAHOT
arepmjana. Ha cmmpr 9.6 upuxasay je’ eo Kocor Hesonona’ H Ha pacTojamsy x (m)
om WeTOROF noYeTRA yOenexeHe cy cBe cHuIe Koje Henyiy Fa exeMenrapuy Macy
$aympoosanior marepyjana. Kao Hope nenutmme Y W3pasmMa 3a cIEIe nojaneyiy
ce IpHTHCHE p,, up, H KoehuunjenT Tpewa yr PaynqusoBanor MaTepyjana o yHY-
TpaunbocT yesh. [psx npHTHcak NOTHYe OF IDHTYUIKMKa Ha Kpajy Wesy, a zpyra je
mOcHeTHHA CBEX axcujamaux UpHTHCAKa Koja Buanajy y HocMaTpaNyM NompewmuM
mpecermma 1eBH.
PapnoTexa cya y mpapuy xpeTarba Marepujaa JOBOmH no caesehe mubepex-
Tujamme jeqnaate:
BP, dex AE yh
Bs Bes, SEille 4 go, (sina + fy, C08 @), 0.18
epee Hy C08 t), ) Tigeymatcxa tpancnopt 209
jep je, upena (9.17) dosdpy. Iro ce r0¥e panujaor mpuTHcKa pr, MOXE ce yaeTK
ara je om cpasmepan Gino KOM sont cBMM axcHjannEM mpuTHcimMa. JormHO je
yoru Ya je mpiTicax Pr CpasMepax MPHTHCKY Px jep ce Ha Taj wawuat On MOBESyje
ca romans cuojermiva marepHjana, a wsGerava ce BeroBa sanHcHOCT On CTpYi~
nux yonona. Hicto Taxo, xormmo je yaeru mumeapyy sapncuocr
Pr= A, Pexs
rye je A, Kocdpiutjent cpasmepRecrs wuyja Bpexnoct sapucn of, busuMU chojerana
Marepyjana (raGena 9.2).
SL (ggadeeont HoT ty
N_ gpphez cor
AYA gp hdesme
Couxa 9.6
Cane 3a npeme xpeTasba nymawionanor Matepajana
3a enementapay ayxuny ctpyjsior Toxa, (946), Gnbe:
de ew
oe
3ameHom nocnemma Jina xspasa y jenHammy (9,18) noGxja ce mex KoRavan OG:
2 WE Des Baty
2°02 dk =D
Kan je crpyjame naazyxa xpos mpoctop waMeby Secruna Matepsijazia HectIMILDEEO,
raga cy Tycrima m Opswra naaqyxa KOWCTAHTHE; ua je-H
0. ¥2= 0, #7 0,03 const.
Jenuasauna (9.19) raga aaje OOtsay mudepemmmjamay exomoreny jenmasamy npsor
pea ca KOHCTaHTOM Ha jecHoj crpaHn;
—dp,=
Peg 90, (Sit a+ Ut, C08 2). 0.19)
eb,
2+ NPeg=S—M, 9.20)
a (0.20)
rae cy:
4A 2: Gwe
x D ae da. (9.21)
M=geu(s!
+H, 008 a).
14 Toasenopr gnyasa m afer marepajana nena Tpawenopr ¢ayuna x wepcrux Marépajana neanMa
210
sz | so SI—sT 60'L ins fod
ow—st s‘0 Ist w'T—es't 90'0 EECA
soda,
oir 560 z 90°0 BHLOBYy
oc—ar zo0'0 seo sig st ‘ood
a S¥'o ofS 06'0 xeon HOA T
wt ££0'0 s¥'0 ze a xeon ELA
wir L£0°0 s¥o az sL'0—0s‘0 andes
wu ogo'0 r st o'o eeu
oar S00'0 9¢'0 +10 oonany
st—St £00'0 80 st s x03
se—sz Z00'0 80 st on
. RaOWEYE
aI—8 700°. I yo 8L‘0—$9'0. oT £90 ‘eaEmredd,
HARI,
81-6 900°0 ¥'o-2'0 Oz‘T—96'0 we 80°0—90'0 HOOT
ocr slo SI-UT 9o-S'0 wT zo oumredg
omsanonTy]
stnee z00'0 8s‘0—9¢'0 ors 610—99'0 $yI—9z't store xed
oe Z00'0 85'0—L6'0 os 90 Oe—ec'r teste nenog
972 z00'0 12° o1—8 ¥8'—91'0 Teer cree PaOROMTTT
Gia a v + eimpta | (ea (upd | (con) p urofndaxeyy
U6 wrogey, Tiueynareest rpantenopr 2u
Pemene jentamune (9.20) raacu:
Pad peeton 4 HOS fe¥@-9—1], (9.22)
npu vemy je xoucranra nurerpamuje ompehena ns yenopa na je ped p, 9a, x=1.
Jequawmna (9.22), y ersapy, noxasyje upomeny mpurucKa Pe, 1) Ness. HajeKouo-
MHSHHj TpaHcHOpT Ha OcHoBy duyunusamaje ocrsapyje ce Kan ce yrunaj UPOTHB-
mpyrucka A p, naryOu Ha noveTKY HeDH, Tj. Kay, je Pey=0 28 x=0. Taj youoR mper-
papa jennaummy (9.22) y
(9.23)
Touro je eM>>1 veh upx [>>3 m (a sncmma daymm-mmbra may mje ma-
wa OM secetaK Metapa), ro ce 13 (9.23) xopumbiement (9.21) xoHasHo NoOnja:
4p,~ oeu(sinat cosa) 1s SHEAR! (9.24)
Osa jeuaunna yaje mory spequoct 3a A p, Kao n jennamma (9.16) mo mpaxrEaHo
sHaMH Ja ce nocmemiba jeqtaya MOxe HCKOPHCTHTH 3 USpAvyHanare Naya MpH-
‘ucxa A ps, jep cy cpe ReOTMIe Ha Teno} YecHo} Crpaum nosHaTe, ua jeyplawmna
0.16) cnyxit 3a sapanyHaname mpousona Az w?. Kopumitiesem napasa (9.12)
3a Re Opoj, wspasynare speqHOcTH A,x w? M Aujarpama Ha cyan 9.5 Mory ce Ofpe-
Ture sexmaure yz, w, Ree TAKO a Gymy CBM yonOBH TpaucrIopTa saqonosenR. TO
Je yjenuo noctynax 3a mpopayyx bryxn-mapra 3a cnyYaj HecTHMBHBOF cTPyjawa
Ba3q{yXa KPo3 Mpoctop ISMehy Yecrnija MaTepyjaa.
9.5.2. Onpelwpatbe Naja upHTacKa pH CTHULKHBOM cTpyjaby
Tlo ananoruja ca o6pacem (4.3), Koju paxn 3a cTMMUEHBO crpyjame raca ¥
\eBOROMY KOHCTAHTHON MpewENKa, 4a OBY BPCTY CTPYjalsa naynyxa KPo3 upocrop
wOMehy YeoTHMA 3a BPeMe HXOBOT KpeTatba MOKe Ce HartuicaTH:
Pia ta
2p, :
Maocrapmen je merc f Kon g,, x20 MenoTpeOan, jep He nocrojm mx Gey 960F ge—=
const. 13 woémemme jemuarmite ce, naxme, oGKja omsoc
Pr yi 26,1 am (9.26)
Py pid 2
na je, Kopmmiherbem (9.17),
- / —2L evr)
4p.-n,(1- aoe et). (9.27)
Ovum jennaymama sa crnmnno erpyjame aogajy ce jom 1 noMmolne jemnaumne
(9.9), (9.12) x (9.13) sont zujarpan Ha croup 9.5, px Tome rpe6a uMatH Ha yMy
(0.25)
“ 212 Tpaxcuopr daynqa x YPCTAX xaTepwjasta Neuse
gia je Re=const. jep je crpyjaise z30TepMno u e=const, Kao epemtsa Noposocr.
Vi 030M npwuiKoM, Kao KO MeCTALIUGHBOT CTpyjamba, CHCTeM jemuayaHa 3a PO
paxyH payuy-o1bTa uyje NoBomaH, Ma'ce Mopa TPENONATH uw OHA jemHaTAHa Koja
CaenH H3 papHoTexe cma y Mpapyy KpeTama. [IpaxTHHo, worpeGHo je Hal pe-
ene Jubepenmujanue jemtavane (9.19) u 3a cxyiaj cTHNUGMBOr crpyjaia Basnyxa
pos upocTop H3Mehy vecTmma MaTepujana. Y rom ciryyajy, #3 jequaymne 3a NPOTOK
wt jenuawune crama 3a m30TepMHO CTpyjame crn:
wean, 2b ay, PE
Ox Pa
Cay ce Moxe opsorpara upas
OpWEm Oe MeWem OM MEE,
Px
oaxae je
Ce eee
=
amt Ps vi-Z $s WE
Tom mpummom je uckopunutiexa u jequasuma (9.26). Koua‘ao, us nocmemse jen-
Hawuime, yo oaHaKe (9.21), o6nja ce:
Sr Qe WE
a2
SameHom opor uspasa ¥ (9.19) qomasu Ce iyo 6Omine HexdMoreHe-qubepenitajamie
Jexuasume mpaor pena, y xojoj mena yecua erpauia saniex Om MpoMeHbuBe x:
Pers Np, (0.28)
dx
Tlocrynax pemanamsa one jequaume nome yaolemen.coene
ocne oje ona nocTaje
dea ND, Mp
Ba NPs yy MP yp, 9.29)
Baas. Py ¢ Tineystarcx tpancnopt 213
Upunenom Jarpawxoue (Lagrange) werone napyjanuje xoncranre, nasasn ce
axe, ovaj xpyru waterpan upencranma Taycon (Gauss) uurerpan rpemke, 3
weerono permierse je mo3HaTo:
if EP dy Fo @), q>0.
Yuopehemem wociemmer ca mpeTxosHuM uHTerpanoM BHME ce ma je q
TIpema tome, Onhe:
* du = eae, Hs (uM
“Net
Tlospatkom Ha mpomemusy x Hanagn ce Pellteme jeqmarune (9.28) y o6nmxy:
Mee + 1)- Voc}, (9.30)
rae je
Koucranra C’ ompebyje ce u3 yenona na je p,,=A p, 2a x=1. Tana ce noGnja 2a je
-2 M(,-8
nape tM (oF 4 1) oe,
rae je
INP, [, 2S
(1-251). 214 Tpaacuopr daywia x weperix Marepujana yemmsa
Bameuom xoucraute C’ y (9.30) m cpehunaisem 0OnjeHor wapasa Hanagu ce Pemlewe
romasHe smbepenmmjanne jemuasnue (9.28):
Pann etn — 14d, 0-9 ~
- ER oe).
Bpemmocr ysxiuaje (2) qare cy taGenapHo. 3a Benue npemuccTu apryMenraz
(arro je caysaj mpu crmmsimos crpyjamy Basqyxa Kpos MpocTop woMmeby yecTaUA
naTepujaa) oba GyHRuja ce Moxe pasbUTH y Pe:
ae
2 @~1- FO (9.32)
2 4
+
. “Wz 212
Vis mocangmer uapaza BURN ce na 0 (2)-r1 Kam z->co. Tako je, Ha mpuMep,
0(4)=0,97, a z=4 je Tako pelut Hajaaisa apeqHOCT Onor apryenta Koja Moxe
a ce roan upu CTHMLBUBOM crpyjamy BAIMYXA Kpo3 mpocTop uamely wecrua
mareprjana, Yaumajyhu, qaxne, 0(z)=1 y wspasy (9.32) u werosoM saMeHom y
(9.31) sanasu ce gedmorrepHo:
(9.31)
ne je
d@)=
pan Heron aye
Ss eNGEa), 1 : . (333)
Kay ce cau OBOM UpHINKOM ucxopucTH youos Hajexouosaranjer rpaxicnopTa
(P=0 9a x=0), 13 (9.33) exempt:
M
(eM 1) 4 Ap, eM —
we 1) + Apee™
onaxne je, aor eM>>1,
Py
Hajaay, saqeuwom speasocru sa M, N, S'mpensa (9.21) je:
2p
FIOPE ogo, (sinasp,cos 2) 1+ AAP! (9.34)
2p; D __Tiseyarcxw rpancnopr 215
Tipenta Tome, xay ce mpopasyana pmyus-wIpT wa OcHOBY CTHMLBUBOT CTPy-
Jama pasayxa norpeGno je najupe ws (9-34) ompemmTH npriTucaK py a, 9aTHM, pO-
u3B0 Age We(Ce canpxat Agx). Kopuntherem napasa (9.12) sa Re dpoj x wujarpama
ca came 9.5 mmx bopmyza (9.13), Moryhuo je nau Ax, w1, Re, waste je mpopasyn
mpaxririno sapputen. Hajache remxohe u py Tom upopayyny crsapa ompeluparse
cTBapHe HopostiocrH; onHOCHO SampeMamicKe FYCTHHE Q, Y TPaHiCHOPTOBAHOM CTAIy.
Y croapy, carn maTepujan sa cpojy u To camo jenny TasKy wa mejarpamy Are
(Rex), o7 xoje Sapuce cpe pyre TpaucnopTHe Bem“me. Mopa ce jour pau
ua Yoappumsamy obe MeTone mpopayysa @uyuy-mmbra y upauy crsapaia noctyn-
ka 3a minamaxene noMenyre Taxke Ha Jpjarpamy Aye—=f(Rex), Koja onrorapa
KoBEpeTuoM Matepujasty.
Hanomenmmo m To 7a je Tpauctiopr cmmxapux MaTepujana Ha ocHoBy bnyHaH-
Sauuje Beoma eKoMOMITAH H 7a cy 6p3nue xpeTara TecTHMA y rpammana: c=(0,3—
—3) m/s 3a spuacte #e=(2—5) m/s 32 upamunacre marepyjase,
96, JETERM MHEYMATCKM TPAHCIIOPT
Onnrra xapaxrepucTaxa serelier nmeyMarcxor rpancnopra je 7a Ce on ocrBa~-
pyje mpu semuxua GpsHnama Basqyxa Koje, Ha MpUMep, 9a WeKe apHacTe MaTepHjazte
nocTwrxy 4 40 40 m/s Ha xpajy menonoma. Taxol je x penatmeya Opawna pasnyxa
y omsocy Ha vecTHue MatepHjana nemuxa. Penataana Opsuma paspyxa je cre bea
urro cy YecTuie KpynHuje H INTO BuINe oACTynajy On Kyrmma Ho O6muKy. Tompysje
sereher meyMaTcKor Tpaiicriopra oGenexeno je ca TV na commpr 8.1. Buyprce na ce
IpioIkoM mpopasysa weTeher MHeyMarckor Tpalclopra He CMe SaHeMaDHTH 12
nputucka A p,, Koj onrovapa crpyjamy wcTor dyHa HeTHM MPOTOKOM, y OZHOCY
wa yonyxcxn nay upurucka dp, 3Gor upucycrBa vecTuNa y cTpyja Bagnyxa. Uax je
kon weteher mueyMatcKor Tpaucnopra A p-HeKonuko nyra pehy on A ps jep ce y
ctpyjHom mpocropy HanasH peratusuo max 6poj wecTHTa.
Buena cMo 11a ce serehn MHeyMaTCKM TpaHcliopT y OmHOcy Ha Remy
mpurvicka em ia TpaHcHopT HucKOr, cpemwer # BMCOKOT mpuTucKa, Amt y oHOCy
a BpeTy mpuTucKa, eTehn MeyMaTCKU TPAaRcHOpT MoxXe ONTH YCHCHH, NOTHCHE 1
xomOunonann. Ha commu 9.7 upuxasava je muctanataja youcuor nereher miey-
Marcxor Tpauicnopra. Crpyjia Mamma 1 wanxa‘er Hs HHCTaNaMje BASNYX H Ha Taj
axa crBapa y 10j orupHTucax. [lormpHTHCaK ce MeHOCH cBe 0 YeRCHEKa 2 Kojit
je demmmerto ypomen y TpancuopTosanu MaTepyjan. OKonHH Basmyx mpomEpe
xpos mpoctop waMely YecTuna Marepyjasia Ka YHCHUKY noBmaehit HX 3a cO6OM y
uucrasannjy. Crnopewa Memapnna pasmyxa 1 YecTHma 360r nayja MpHTucKa y UpaB~
uy crpyjae Mammue xpelie ce xa ypehajy 3 3a onpajame vecTuma MaTepyjana ox
¥
er
Conxa 9.7
Mincranayuja yeucuor meyuarcKor tpanenopTa 216 ‘Tpaucuopr gayusa 4 wepeTux Marepyjaza uesuMa
sagqyutie ctpyje. Honnojenu marepujaz ce miasye wa Yaseu Mocrynax, a mpewumuhex
paayyX y cao0omny armocbepy. Sa caya uanomenuMo 7a'cé ypeljaj sa onnajamwe
NecTaNA MaTepujaina, om Ba3qyxa.cactoju On s;rpyOux" m yum" onpajava, Ta
onajaya sanucH on dusHIKEX cpojcTaBa MaTepiljauia Koj Ce TpaHCHOpryje Ht OF
grpyjde Mamie xojom ce crsapa uoTupurucax y mucranammja, Yeucum neteba
udeYMatcku TpaachopT upuMenyje ce 3a xpaha pacTojama, nwxXe KoHMeHTpanuje H
‘Mame xaayurete, Maxcumami noTmputucax w3HccH 0,6 Gapa. Mactananaja Mopa
a’ bye HoOpo sarrusena KAKO He Ou y3 uyT YyeuaW1a BaSqyxX HW THMe KBApWIA
BaKYYM of Unje BpeNHOCTH 3aBNCH KANAMUTeT TpacHOpTa.
Craxa 9,8
Vincranayuja norucuor umeyMarcxor spaucuopra
Ha cumin 9,8 mpuxasawa je micranauuja notucuor neteher aueymatcKor
rpaucnopra. Crpyjna Manmuna | inaye Basayx y NoTucHE HesoBon y Koji ce ,,NO3H-
pa“ 1pancnoprosann Matepyjan u3 Gyaxepa 2. Ha Kpajy eBoBoya Hanasn ce ype-
aj 32a wsqpajame marepyjana us sasnymme crpyje. V Henoj uucTananuyja norncuor
HHeyMatcxor TpaxcHopTa Baya narmpuTucax. Ona Mopa ya Gyme JoGpo samTasena,
KaKo najcurmnje vecTuye He Ox Oune u36ayeHe ¥ oKoHy aTMocdepy. ToTucux
uetel meymatcxu Tpancnopr upymeryje ce 3a Belia pactojama, Buine KORNEH-
‘Tpanyje u belie Kananurere. Mefyrum, Tpaucnopra paca’ nesoBoza-He mpena3t
2000 m.
Hacranamija xomOmuosanor ycucuo-noTucwor seseler mmeyMaTeKor TpaHe-
opta upuasana, je a cmane 9.9. Crpyjua samara I ersapa morupamicax y
fm
Cama 9.9
Hiucranayuja xombauosayor micymarcxor Tpancuopra Tineystarces. ‘rpancnopr 217
ypehajy.2 3a onpajaise marepujana on youcuor nasnyxa. Tormparucax ce nperiocu
cBe WO youcHuka 3 Kpo3 Koja ya3H Matepujan y HHCTasarpjy sajemNo ca ycucasa-
mu BagnyxoM. Onnojenu MaTepujan nocne youcHor HeBoBona noMoby ypelaja 2
sHO3mpa" ce y NOTHCHH WeBOBOy xpos Koja CTpyjHa Mamma NOTHOKyje BaSIyX
McHCaH H3 YcHcHOr yevia scTananuje. Ha xpajy, Matepyjan sajequo ca Basny-
XoM cTinke y ype}aj 4 y Kome ce u3/{paja ws MOTHCHe Ba3nyLIne crpyje. UucT BaSTYX
oman y cno6oqny atmocdepy, 4 Wypojenn Marepujait wa jax MocTynaxK.
9.6.1. Upopasyn xereher meymarckor Tpauctopra mpH wecTHMUbUBOM crpyjarby
Kao urro je seh peseno, a 1 mujarpam 8.1 To noxasyje, YxynaH Nam npuTucKa
3a ppeMe srereher mieyMaTCKOF TpaHCHOpra MpH HeCTHUUGBOM CTPY}AY saanyxa
Moxe Jia ce Hane Ka0:
Ap=Ap,;+ Ap, (9.35)
Onze je mpema Hapcnjenom o6pacny
1 ev
Ap,=4— &, 9.36
PD > (9.36)
nue je 4, =f (Re, 3/D). Ui nonyucen nan mpurnexa J pe Moxe nace HAI y 06-
amxy [epenjese bopmye xao [81]:
nas 0.37
Tpit TeMy ce Kesxen0 HATHACHTH JA KOHNEHTPANNja ce mA OCeGAH YTIMIA] Ha TO-
TyHcKH ray mpirncKa A ps. He suas a APYTe nese He SaBHCE OF] KOHNEH-
tpannje cz, Ha upuMep, Koehunmjenr rpewa 2s. Mpema Tome, cauparem nocmes-
wea pa u3pasa Jo6yyja ce a je
Ap=1,— 22, i
rae je
Kao miro ce Baqi, ompebunawe aa uputucka 3a Epeme sereher mleyMaTeKor
‘pancnopTa cBosH ce Ha wspayyHaparbe OMYHCKOr Koedurpijenta rpema Ay. Cu-
rypxo je a onaj Koedunijent 2annen on BHM CrpyjHHx nema sa BpeMe TPAHC-
mopra. Jla Gnemo onpemmn ruxoBy MelyycoOny saRNCHOCT, nocMaTpalemo papio-
Texy cia y manny Kperara, Koje enyiy wa jenny many amt KoHasHy Macy y 3a-
mpemmuy A V (cma 9.10). Tpx ycramenom crpyjamy Guhe:
AF,-4F,—4F, =0, (9.40)
rae je A F-aeponunamnsxa cwia xoja nocu ,,o67ax" yeorsma maTepujaa saTeye-
mux Y mocMarpanoj ememeurapuoj sanpemunn 4 V, 4 F,, cua Tpema Yecrama 0
yuyrpammoct menonosa # A Fj seo cine Zemaune Wexe, koja yruve 1a xpeTaise 218 Tpaueaopr duyioie u wnperax maveprjana nese
MellaBHHe KAKO Y BepTHKANHOM TaKO HY XOpH30HTANHOM NeBoBoyy. Te cae Mory
a ce mapase Ha cneelin Ha:
Al oe?
45=4p,A=1y— Am
1 APA = 44
44,=1,Dadl=ke,cDad1= .
Bi tye AL
_ et,
af Bapsdi- 3,
secnantomar-ponil,
ee ee
rye je B Bapros (Barth) Gpoj suja je spemnoct:
+ o
B=ssinat+ cos a,
o
Camxa 9.10
Cure 9a npeme xperassa ua Gasu nereher meyuatcKor tpaucnopta
Y wpasy 2a cary tpena 4 F,, je A; cuenudrm xoeumujent rpewa wnja Bpey-
Hoct sapucu on Guswoux opojoraza ‘ecTuma MaTepujana Koja ce TpaxcnopTyje
On dusmiemx cpojcrana marepyjana om Kora je KeDoson uspabe, 3ameHom
walenm cura y jeqnasumy (9.40) 206xja.ce nocne cpehupana:
(9.42) Tineymarexi pancnopt 219
mae je
payqos (Froude) 6poj. Ocraje jour na ce onpems sapncuocT c/o Koja mpeneTansa
omioc cpenmEx Gpsuma ,,onaKa" YecTHHA MaTepnjana H BASAYxA KOjM HX HOCH.
Tacuo je ma je c/of TaKo Ja ce, Kopumhewem
noche yea Ba wapaza, 100xja:
poe (10.3)
Quad? ct
fe
Counea 10.10
Miarnen muxiona
Onapye ce aii Aa je BHCHHa ILI pHNHOT esa MHKnOHa cBe neha ITO je TpaHC-
noptosain maiebujan cirranjy. Mebyraas, cxyvaj pasnorexxe menrpudyranie came
H cite oTMopa MOKE H OAKO ya ce HamMUre:
», 3 ce
orc,
3and=
16 244. ‘Tpancuopr dbnynqa yw wepeTHx MatepHjana:neswMa
Axo Git-ce, ax; Yectuma xperana camo bepruxariyo. nawuice, raga Oy, ce’ ua
Pasiorexe cite omnopa u Senueume Texe E6010: wy
: Ox
sadag &
Jep je v Tom caytajy o=0, y uspasy 32 F,. Tipema Tome, wjeqnaiitmem mocmenia
yea wipasa oOnja ce oftttoc Gpanta:
cam
a 49
Kay r,>r (cnmtea.10.11) Gute:
ee 0.4)
"9
Jep 18a 6,-rcy4 H c—rem. Ca upyre erpane, 3a ceanstenu aprncr. je .
e const, C
na. x3 (10.4) catemu:
Cra 10,11
Hiijoag, mag. C2 onze Samemm Gpoua v sara fennanmions (7.30), y>_Nantonteny 7a
JE < dy, oMUOCHO secrmxe KpynHohie d
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