NAME: DATE:

COURSE AND YEAR: SCORE

ANTIULCER: PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS

SUBSTANCE STRUCTURE IUPAC NAME COMMON PROPERTIES / INFORMATION / USE BRAND
NAME NOTES NAME
Omeprazole 5-methoxy-2- Omeprazole  is an amphoteric compound.  Heartburn (Losec)
(((4methoxy-3, 5-  formulated as delayed-  GERD without
dimethyl-2- release capsules containing esophageal lesions
pyridinyl)methyl) enteric-coated granules.  GERD with erosive
sulfinyl)-  The antisecretory actions of esophagitis
1Hbenzimidazole omeprazole persist for 24 to  Duodenal ulcer
72 hours.
Esomeprazole S-bis(5-rnethoxy-2- Esomeprazole  is the S-enantiomer of  Symptomatic (Nexium)
Magnesium [(S)-[(4-methoxy-3,5- magnesium omeprazole. gastroesophageal
dimethyl2- reflux disease
pyridinyl)methyl]sulfi  Erosive esophagitis
nyl]-1H-  Pathological
benzimidazole-l-yl) hypersecretory
magnesium conditions, including
trihydrate Zollinger-Ellison
syndrome

Lansoprazole 2-[[[3-methyl-4- Lansoprazole  is a weak base (pyridine)  GERD (Prevacid)

(2,2,2trifluoroethoxy) and a weak acid  Erosive esophagitis
-2- (benzimidazole).  Gastric ulcer
pyridyl]methyl]sulfin  is essentially a prodrug.  Gastric associated
yl]-1H-benzimidazole  must be formulated as with NSAIDs
encapsulated entericcoated  Duodenal ulcer
granules for oral  Hypersecretory
administration to protect the conditions, including
drug from the acidic Zollinger-Ellison
environment of the stomach. syndrome
Pantoprazole 5-(difluoromethoxy)- Pantoprazole  The benzimidazole of this  Erosive esophagitis
Sodium 2-[[3,4-dimethoxy-2- drug has a weakly basic (maintenance)
pyridinyl) nitrogen and an  Pathological
methyl]sulfinyl]-1H- benzimidazole proton. hypersecretory
benzimidazole  77% bioavailability conditions, including
sesquihydrate  serum protein binding is Zollinger-Ellison
about 98%, primarily to syndrome
albumin.
 Rabeprazole 2[[[4- Rabeprazole  is formulated as enteric-  Duodenal ulcers (Aciphex)
Sodium (3methoxypropoxy)- coated, delayed-release (healing)
3-methyl-2- tablets to allow the drug to  Erosive or ulcerative
pyridinyl]methyl]sulfi pass through the stomach GERD
nyl]1H-benzimidazole relatively intact.  Treatment of
 bioavailability is pathological
approximately 52%. hypersecretory
 96% bound to human conditions
plasma proteins.

ANTIULCER: CHEMICAL COMPLEXATION

Sucralfate 3,4,5,6-tetra- Sucralfate  exerts its antiulcer effect  Antiulcer (Carafate)
(polyhydroxyaluminu through local rather than
m)--D- systemic action.
glucopyranosyl  is the aluminum hydroxide
sulfate-2,3,4,5-tetra- complex of the octasulfate
(polyhydroxyaluminu ester of sucrose.
m)--D-  binds preferentially to the
fructofuranoside ulcer site to form a
sulfate protective barrier that
prevents exposure of the
lesion to acid and pepsin

ANTIULCER: PROSTAGLANDINS
Misoprostol ()-methyl 11, 16- Misoprostol  semisynthetic derivative of
dihydroxy-16-methyl- PGE1 that derives some
9-oxoprost-13E-en-1- pharmacological selectivity
oate as well as enhanced
biostability from its 16-
methyl, 16-hydroxy
substitutions.
 can cause miscarriage, often
associated with potentially
dangerous bleeding.
 antisecretory and (Cytotec)
cytoprotectant
 used to prevent
NSAID-induced gastric
ulcers in patients at
high risk of
complications from a
gastric ulcer, such as
elderly patients and
patients with a history
of ulcer.
 used in treating
duodenal ulcers
unresponsive to
histamine H2-
antagonists.

REFERENCE:
Wilson and Gisvold’s Textbook of Organic Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry